The best antibacterial eye drops - name and description

List of popular antibacterial drugs

List of popular antibacterial drops for adults:

1. Penicillin in powder form is diluted with boiled water, and sore eyes are washed with this solution several times a day.
2. Sulfacyl sodium is another name for its albucid. The most popular drug for the treatment of purulent corneal ulcers, blepharitis and conjunctivitis.
3. Chloramphenicol, known as Levomycetin, is effective in the treatment of infections in the organs of vision.
4. Ciprofloxacin is used to treat inflammatory diseases of the eye organs.
5. Tobramycin - its active substance is dilaterol, which has bactericidal properties and quickly kills pathogenic cells.
6. Tsipromed - drops for the treatment of inflammation of the eyelids of infectious origin, postoperative complications.
7. Tobrex is a topical drug with a wide range of therapeutic effects.
8. Normax is effective for the treatment of infections resulting from the introduction of staphylococci and streptococci.

These drugs are popular among patients, as their effectiveness has been tested in practice.

Classification of drugs

1. Antibiotic drops. These drugs are intended to treat infections that are associated with the appearance of bacteria, chlamydia.
2. With antiviral agents. Designed to eliminate viral infections.
3. With antifungal effect. Act directly on fungal infections. But eye drops with this effect are not officially registered in Russia.
4. Drops with sulfonamides , which are intended for the treatment of viral and bacterial infections.
5. With antiseptics. They treat infections caused by fungi, viruses and bacteria.

Dosage for children

Like adults, children are also very often exposed to germs. Their fragile organism requires careful selection of therapeutic agents for the treatment of the visual organs. Typically, children may suffer from meiobitis and conjunctivitis, keratitis and blepharitis, as well as uveitis.

Children are prescribed the same antibacterial drugs as adult patients, only the dosage is different. To avoid allergies and other side effects, eye drops should only be prescribed by an ophthalmologist.

Before this, the child must undergo a medical examination by specialists in order to present a complete picture of the pathology, learn about the characteristics of his body, and susceptibility to medications.

It is necessary to select a medicinal drug so that it is effective and does not cause adverse reactions. In any case, children should be careful when choosing eye drops.

The list of bacterial agents includes the following eye drops:

To combat conjunctivitis, they use the following drugs: Dex-gentamicin, Trimethoprim and sodium sulfacetamide, which do not have any side effects, they also differ in their relative availability.

When treating childhood eye diseases, aminoglycosides should not be used for a long time, since their long-term use can lead to damage to the corneal epithelium.

Neomycin should be used with caution; it sometimes causes an allergic reaction in children. The drug Amikacin appeared in ophthalmology recently, has low toxicity, and effectively treats childhood diseases that cannot be treated with Tobramycin and Gentamicin.

For the treatment of infectious conjunctivitis in children, good results are obtained with the use of Erythromycin 0.5%, Povidone 2.5% and Normax.

For children after one year of age, when treating infections caused by Haemophilus and Chlamydia, Moxifloxacin 0.5% can be used, which has a satisfactory therapeutic effect; it is instilled 3 times a day.

Used for the treatment of blepharitis with severe pathology, conjunctivitis and keratitis, as well as other infectious diseases, Tobrex children's drops kill pathogenic agents of eye diseases: staphylococci, Klebsiella, streptococci, eliminate swelling, and relieve inflammation.

Levomycetin eye drops are prescribed to children for keratitis, conjunctivitis and blepharitis, from 4 months to 2 years, very carefully, only in cases where there is no replacement with another remedy. Children are instilled with it 5 times a day, 2 drops, after improvement, reduce it to 3 times a day.

Eye drops that have antibiotic properties are drugs such as Tobradex and Tobramycin, which are also approved for use in newborns.

Floxal and Tsipromed are effective in combating keratitis, conjunctivitis, and can be used for prophylaxis before and after operations of the visual organ. The course of treatment is about two weeks. The dosage is determined only by an ophthalmologist, taking into account the child’s age and general health condition.

Types of drops

Eye drops for eye inflammation with an antibiotic are more often used to treat bacterial infections, less often - for combined viral-bacterial or fungal ones. Non-antibiotic eye drops with antimicrobial action are called antiseptics.

The whole variety of antibacterial drops is divided into:

• Drugs with a narrow effect (affect a specific group of pathogens),
• Broad-spectrum drugs (universal against several infectious agents),
• Combined (combinations of an antibiotic and, for example, an anti-inflammatory)
• Universal (for example, antiseptics).

For children, the drugs of choice are

• Sulfacyl sodium (Albucid) is a universal remedy with few side effects, cheap and effective.
• Vitabact and Okomistin are not antibiotics, but antiseptics, which are more gentle and do not cause allergies.
• Fucithalmic is a polycyclic antibiotic, quite expensive.
• Tobrex is an aminoglycoside antibiotic, not expensive, only as prescribed by a doctor.
• As for eye drops with fluoroquinolone antibiotics (Normax, Tsiprolet, Vigomax, etc.), the question of their use in pediatrics is not clear-cut. It is not advisable to use it in children under 12 years of age, although in some cases an ENT specialist may prescribe them to a child even after a year.

In what cases are antibacterial drops prescribed?

Medicinal eye drops with antibiotics are used to identify infections that cause inflammation.

The list of bacteria that cause diseases of the organs of vision includes staphylococci and enterobacteria.

They provoke the appearance of such diseases of the organs of vision:

• blepharitis - infectious inflammation on the edges of the eyelashes;
• conjunctivitis - inflammatory processes on the mucous membrane of the eye;
• keratitis and chalazion;
• hordelium (barley);
• mabonites.

Eye drops against bacteria are prescribed for the treatment or preventive purposes of infectious diseases of the organs of vision. Infections begin to develop when the action of pathogenic bacteria affects the mucous membrane of the cornea.

Aminoglycosides disrupt protein synthesis; these include first-generation drugs neomycin and streptomycin, kanamycin with monomycin.

The second generation drug is gentamicin. 3rd generation drugs are considered the most effective, such as sisomycin and tobramycin, netilmicin and amikacin.

Fluoroquinolones are potent drugs, their effect appears within a few minutes after instillation. The first generation contains oxolinic, pipidemic and nalidixic acids.

2nd generation drugs include lomefloxocin and ciprofloxocin, ofloxocin with pefloxocin. Levofloxacin and sparfloxacin are 3rd generation drugs.

The most potent drugs are mokifloxacin and oftaquix. The third group includes chloramphenicol.

Levomycetin is a drug related to antibiotics, but is applicable in complex therapy against viral infections.

In what cases are antimicrobial drugs used?

Antimicrobial ophthalmic drops affect the organs of vision if the disease corresponds to the declared one. Drops have anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antiviral and antibacterial effects.

Antibacterial drugs, by their nature, are created synthetically in part or in whole. At the same time, they are a kind of antibiotics. That is, the composition contains microorganisms of animal origin that are capable of influencing bacteria, thereby leading to a decrease in their number and their complete destruction.

Medicine is developing every day, and the concept of an antibiotic is becoming more and more vague every year.

Today, some antibacterial eye drops also include antibiotics and antiseptics, which have an effect on a specific group of microorganisms.

Therefore, modern antibacterial drugs for the eyes can only be prescribed by prescription, and are prescribed only if:

• infectious diseases;
• conjunctivitis;
• keratitis;
• barley;
• blepharitis.

Possible adverse reactions

In addition to being beneficial, medications can also cause harm to health. Among the most common adverse reactions are drowsiness and apathy, headaches, fever with increased sweating, anxiety with hallucinations, as well as chills and decreased performance.

The popular drug chloramphenicol has a side effect, it causes: disturbances in the functioning of the nervous system, optic neuritis, as well as disturbances in hematopoiesis in the form of a decrease in hemoglobin and changes in leukocytes, red blood cells, problems in the gastrointestinal tract.

The following side effects are possible from Tobrex and Albucid eye drops:

• changing the blood formula;
• dizziness with hearing loss, loss of coordination;
• nausea with vomiting;
• swelling of the eyelids, burning and itching, lacrimation with redness of the conjunctiva;
• photophobia.

Dexamethasone eye drops cause a burning sensation after instillation. The consequence of long-term use is a decrease in visual acuity and thinning of the cornea.

Preparations with one type of antibiotic

Antibiotic combinations:

• Oriprim-P (Polymyxin B and Trimethoprim),
• Colbiocin (Tetracycline with Chloramphenicol and Sodium Colistimethate).

Contraindications to the use of products

Any medical drug has contraindications for use. Before using eye drops, it is recommended to read the package insert for the drug for any contraindications.

Antibacterial drops should not be prescribed to patients:

• with individual intolerance to the drug;
• with diseases of the heart, kidneys, liver;
• mental disorders;
• epilepsy.

Dexamethasone should not be used for eye inflammation:

• for viral and fungal infections;
• mycobacterial infections (tuberculosis);
• acute bacterial infections.

In addition to these infections, dexamethasone should not be used in patients with increased intraocular pressure (glaucoma), with corneal defects, or those with hypersensitivity to the components of the drug.

Tsipromed eye drops are not suitable for the treatment of the following conditions:

• if there is intolerance to the components of the drug;
• with viral type keratitis;
• children under one year of age;
• women during pregnancy and lactation.

Tobrex also has contraindications; it is not prescribed to such patients: with inflammation of the auditory nerve, kidney disease.

Diclofenac eye drops with Indocollir are not suitable for asthmatics, if the patient has impaired hematopoietic function and pathology of the gastrointestinal tract in the acute stage, as well as for those who cannot tolerate aspirin.

All antibacterial drops in the treatment of the organs of vision should be prescribed to pregnant and breastfeeding women with great caution, as they can harm the fetus and baby.

Indications for use

Infection occurs when microbes appear in the eye area. Bacterial infection causes the appearance of stye, keratitis, conjunctivitis and other inflammatory diseases. Antibacterial drops are used to neutralize them.

Symptoms for which this medicine is prescribed:

• Pain in the area of ​​the visual organ, constant desire to scratch the visual organ.
• Redness and swelling, not caused by anything. If a person sits at the computer all evening, and the next day his eyes acquire a reddish tint, then there is no need to sow panic. But if redness or swelling occurs for no apparent reason, there is an infection that needs to be treated immediately.
• A sharp decrease in vision.
• Eyes constantly water and react negatively to light. It is difficult to be in a bright room; the visual organ hurts and bothers the person. The release of tears when there is a sudden change in light. For example, when leaving a dark room into a light one;
• Purulent discharge.

If the above symptoms occur, you should immediately consult a doctor for treatment.

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Antibacterial drops are also prescribed to prevent infections. Most often, in this case, they are prescribed to people predisposed to inflammatory processes. An example is a patient who constantly has problems with the visual organ, which is very sensitive to external influences. Weak in its structure.

Differences between antiviral drugs and antibacterial drugs

Synthetically produced drugs are used to fight bacteria. All types of antibiotics have no effect on viruses. Viruses are fought with the use of antiviral drugs.

Viruses consist of a small chain of DNA or RNA and are not sensitive to antibiotics. Bacteria differ in their cellular structure. Therefore, antibacterial agents are not suitable for the treatment of viral eye diseases.

For viral eye pathologies, antiviral drugs give good results. A viral infection, for example, herpesvirus, enterovirus, leads to inflammation of the tissues of the organs of vision.

One of these diseases is viral conjunctivitis, for which the antiviral eye drug interferon is prescribed. It comes in powder form and in ampoules. Before use, the powder must be diluted with water; the instructions indicate the ratio of water to powder.

Tebrofen, 0.1% - instilled against conjunctivitis caused by the herpes virus, causing a burning sensation.

Florenal is a drug used against viruses that can cause an allergic reaction in children.

Drugs used to combat viral infections contain interferons, substances that are highly active against viruses.

Among antiviral eye medications, patients note the effectiveness of Oftalmoferon, Poldan and Aktipol.

Poludan stimulates the human immune system and helps get rid of keratitis, uevitis, and treats optic neuritis. The drug quickly penetrates tissues and is eliminated from the body quickly.

Actipol is an antiviral drug; it is widely used for various viral pathologies: herpes and adenovirus. Relieves eye fatigue, eliminates infectious, post-operative and post-traumatic keropathy.

Drops for treatment are strong remedies, so they can only be used after being prescribed by an ophthalmologist.

Classification

Depending on the active substance and indications for use, eye redness drops are divided into several large groups:

• antibacterial – used for bacterial infections;
• antiviral – promote the production of interferons to fight viral infections;
• antiallergic (histamine) - quickly relieve allergy symptoms and redness, blocking the production of histamine (a substance that causes an allergic reaction), eliminate itching and lacrimation;
• vasoconstrictors - cause a narrowing of the capillaries, reduce swelling and inflammation of the tissues of the eyelid;
• anti-inflammatory - non-steroidal and glucocorticosteroid drugs in drops that relieve swelling and eliminate allergic reactions (some of the drugs are sold only by prescription);
• moisturizing – reduce irritation when the mucous membrane is dry.

Features of use for barley

Barley is an inflammation of the sebaceous gland with the introduction of Staphylococcus aureus into the outer or inner surface of the eyelid. It appears in the form of an abscess, causing redness with swelling, burning in the eyelid area, which causes discomfort and lacrimation.

In order to get rid of these symptoms, you can buy Albucid drops at the pharmacy without a prescription. This drug is the most affordable and popular, and most importantly, a fast-acting remedy for barley.

“Levomycetin” is also one of the proven and effective remedies against barley, which after use alleviates the patient’s condition.

In some cases, against barley, doctors prescribe a 1% solution of penicillin, which is an effective targeted antibiotic. It shortens the duration of the disease by accelerating the ripening of the abscess.

When using it, you must be careful, as it has contraindications. It should not be used by asthmatics, allergy sufferers, or those who are intolerant to penicillin.

Gentamicin is a strong antibiotic that gives good results in the treatment of barley. It cannot be used for herpetic keratitis and ocular tuberculosis, chickenpox and fungal infections, glaucoma and sensitivity to the components of the drug.

This category includes pregnant and lactating women, as well as children under 12 years of age.

The composition of Tobrex, used in the treatment of barley, is distinguished by the presence of a broad-spectrum antibiotic. This remedy has no contraindications for pregnant women and children.

It is distinguished by its delicacy; when using Tobrex, irritation of the mucous membrane of the organs of vision is not observed.

When using any product, you must remember that you cannot use eye drops without a doctor’s prescription.

Use during pregnancy

Since all of the eye drops listed above are antibiotics, there are some restrictions on their use by pregnant women, as well as during breastfeeding.

• Drops containing ofloxacin (Floxal, Dancil) can be used during pregnancy, but are prohibited during lactation, as the antibiotic negatively affects the development of the child.
• Ciprofloxacin (Tsipromed, Tsiprolet), as well as drugs containing tobramycin, are prohibited for use by both pregnant and nursing mothers.
• The use of drops Normax, Vigamox, Levomycetin, levofloxacin preparations is possible during pregnancy, but only under the supervision of the attending physician. Prohibited during breastfeeding.
• During pregnancy and lactation, only Fucithalmic and Sulfacyl sodium can be used, since they do not affect the development of the fetus, and even if they pass into breast milk, they do not affect the development and health of the child.

Anti-inflammatory eye drops with antibiotic

Bacterial infections cause inflammation in the organs of vision. To relieve inflammation, Albucid is prescribed in the treatment of conjunctivitis and fungal diseases.

L - Optik and Vitobakt are antimicrobial drops that block the action of pathogenic microbes in conjunctivitis, keratitis and trachoma. Relieves inflammation.

Anti-inflammatory eye drops Tobradex have an anti-inflammatory effect, thanks to the antibiotic in the composition, therefore they are used for inflammation of an infectious nature.

Diklo-F is an anti-inflammatory drug that relieves pain. Significantly lowers body temperature.

Dexamethasone is a synthetic drug that has an effect against inflammation of the organs of vision.

It is used to combat conjunctivitis, blepharitis, and is effective against inflammation of the vessels of the eye membrane.

Hormonal eye drops are characterized by particularly strong anti-inflammatory properties, as they suppress inflammation at the cellular level. When instilled, they penetrate into all tissues of the eye.

Sofradex eye drops have become popular among such drugs. This drug combines two antibiotics - Neomycin with Gramidicin C and the anti-inflammatory drug Dexamethasone, which enhance each other's therapeutic effect.

When are such drugs prohibited?

Despite the fact that antibacterial drops can bring a positive result, that is, relieve you of negative symptoms, in some situations they may be prohibited.

Antibacterial eye drops are not recommended for use if a woman is pregnant or breastfeeding.

Important! The fact is that the substances contained in the drops enter the placenta or the bloodstream, thereby being transmitted to the child.

Also, if there is an eye disease that is not antibacterial in nature, associated with mechanical damage, in this case it is also better to do without antibacterial drops.

Under no circumstances should you prescribe such a drug yourself, without the appropriate recommendation of your doctor.

Important! Remember, you may have already had a negative experience with this drug. Be sure to tell your doctor about your memories.

Effective and cheap options

The cheapest means:

1. Tsipromed. The medicinal substance of the drug is ciprofloxacin. It is used to combat eye inflammation, as well as for preventive purposes in the period before and after surgery. For prevention, take the drug 1-2 drops every 4 hours. Cannot be prescribed to children under 1 year of age. The cost of Tsipromed is approximately 120-170 rubles.
2. Albucid. An effective and cheap antibacterial drug for the eyes based on sulfacetomide, produced in the form of a 20 and 30% solution. It is used to combat infectious diseases of the organs of vision. The dosage depends on the severity of the disease. The pharmacy price of Albucid is approximately 70 rubles.
3. Phloxal. Analogues of the drug are Dancil and Uniflox. Eye drops for the treatment of infectious and inflammatory eye diseases. The basis of the drug is the substance ofloxacin. The cost of Floxal drops is approximately 180 rubles.
4. Dilaterol. Analogs are Tobropt and Torbex. Broad-spectrum antibiotic. Tobramycin is the main substance of the drug. Patients note its effectiveness in the treatment of infectious and inflammatory diseases of the organs of vision. The drug is instilled 1-2 drops every 4 hours for 7-14 days. The price varies from 120-140 rubles.
5. Levomycetin. It is characterized by an antibacterial effect and effectively fights infectious and inflammatory eye diseases. Use drops 3 times a day, 1 drop for 15 days. The price of Levomycetin in pharmacies is approximately 30 rubles.

Review of Eye Drops for Redness and Irritation

The list of drugs contains descriptions of the most effective eye drops for redness and irritation, which differ in the active substance and are prescribed depending on the causes of the pathology.

Antibiotics

Antibacterial drops have a local effect on the mucous membrane in the eyes and destroy the most common pathogens of bacterial infections - staphylococci and streptococci.

Normax

Normax - antimicrobial drops with a second-generation antibiotic fluoroquinolone (norfloxacin), which has a wide spectrum of antimicrobial action.

In ophthalmology, Normax is used to treat bacterial conjunctivitis, keratitis, keratoconjunctivitis, blepharitis, as well as to prevent infection after surgery, trauma, after removal of a foreign body from the conjunctiva or cornea.

Normax is not recommended for use during pregnancy and breastfeeding, individual sensitivity to substances in the composition, and under the age of 18 years.

Sulfacyl sodium

Sulfacyl sodium is an inexpensive but effective broad-spectrum antibacterial drop that stops the growth and development of bacterial microflora.

Sulfacyl is used in cases of redness and inflammation of the sclera, accompanied by purulent discharge. The drug is used to treat bacterial infections in adults and children of any age, including newborns. The product should be instilled 3-5 times a day, 1 drop (every 2 hours) for 4 days.

Phloxal

Floxal is an antibacterial drop for irritation, used for adults and children of all ages for infectious and inflammatory diseases (styre, conjunctivitis, blepharitis, dacryocystitis, keratitis, chlamydial infection) and for the prevention of infections after injuries.

The use of drops may cause temporary blurred vision and increased sensitivity to light, so exposure to direct sunlight should be avoided during therapy.

Tobrex

Tobrex is a broad-spectrum antibiotic for topical use. The active substance (tobramycin) belongs to the third generation aminoglycosides and has a bactericidal effect on staphylococci, streptococci and other anaerobic flora.

The drug is prescribed to adults and children (from 1 year) in case of development of infectious conjunctivitis, blepharitis, keratitis. Long-term treatment with Tobrex (more than 7-10 days) leads to the development of resistance to the active substance of eye drops.

Antiviral

Antiviral drops for red eyes are prescribed for viral diseases (influenza, rubella, chickenpox) accompanied by conjunctivitis, as well as for infection with adenovirus. In more serious cases, symptoms of irritation are caused by the herpes virus.

Aktipol

Actipol is an antiviral eye drop that promotes the production of interferon, restoration of corneal damage, elimination of swelling and normalization of water-salt balance.

Actipol is used for keratopathy and diseases of a viral nature (herpes, chickenpox, adenovirus), accompanied by redness of the cornea.

The product has no contraindications and has no side effects other than the risk of an allergic reaction.

Oftalmoferon

Ophthalmoferon - drops with human recombinant interferon and diphenhydramine (diphenhydramine). The product has anti-inflammatory, antiallergic, antiviral and immunomodulatory effects, relieves swelling and redness of the sclera.

Oftalmoferon is intended for the treatment and prevention of reddened eyes as a result of infection with adenovirus, enterovirus, in the case of the development of herpetic keratitis and other diseases accompanied by damage to the cornea.

Given the absence of side effects and overdose, Oftalmoferon is a safe drug and is used during pregnancy and breastfeeding.

Poludan

Poludan is an ophthalmic solution based on polyadenylic and polyuridylic acid. Poludan is sold in ampoules in powder form, which should be diluted with distilled water.

Poludan has an immunomodulatory effect and promotes the production of endogenous interferon, eliminates redness and discomfort in adenoviral and herpesvirus lesions, keratitis and superficial keratoconjunctivitis.

The medicine can be used by both adults and children. When using drops simultaneously with local antibacterial and enzyme preparations, the effectiveness of Poldan is reduced.

Okoferon

Okoferon is a local immunomodulatory drug with interferon similar to human interferon. The main effect of the drops is to destroy viral infections and prevent the destruction of corneal cells.

The drug is used for catarrhal and vesicular-ulcerative forms of herpetic conjunctivitis, as well as for complications of the disease in the form of keratitis, iridocyclitis.

Okoferon is prescribed to adults and children over 7 years of age, and contraindications include diabetes mellitus, multiple sclerosis and autoimmune diseases.

Antiallergic

In cases where the allergic reaction manifests itself in the form of redness and irritation of the conjunctiva, then antihistamines should be used that block the effect of histamines (neurotransmitters that cause immediate allergy symptoms) in the tissues of the visual apparatus.

Olopatallerg

Olopatardine is an antihistamine in drops containing olopatardine hydrochloride. The product reduces the production of histamine and reduces the severity of inflammation. The indication for the use of drops is redness and lacrimation due to seasonal allergies.

In the presence of corneal diseases and dry eye syndrome, Olopatallerg is prescribed by an ophthalmologist after examination. Not for use during pregnancy and under 3 years of age. Instill twice a day every 8 hours.

Allergodil

Allergodil - antihistamine drops that relieve redness of the eyes. The active ingredient of the drug (azelastine hydrochloride) not only blocks histamine receptors, but eliminates the inflammatory process.

Allergodil is prescribed for the treatment and prevention of seasonal allergies in adults and children under 4 years of age.

Allergodil should be used for no more than 6 weeks. Since the active substance penetrates into the blood and breast milk even when applied topically, use is not recommended during pregnancy and lactation.

Lecrolin

Lecrolin - antiallergic drops based on sodium cromoglycate, which eliminate irritation, swelling, burning, itching and redness of the whites of the eyeball in allergic conjunctivitis, allergies to cosmetics, pollen, and animal hair.

Lecrolin can be used to prevent and reduce allergy symptoms in adults and children over 4 years of age. In some cases, blurred vision is observed immediately after instillation (disappears after 5-10 minutes).

Anti-inflammatory

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in the form of drops are used to reduce irritation and redness of the eyes due to inflammation of a non-infectious nature.

Ketorolac

Ketorolac – drops with ketorolacatromethamine, which has an analgesic and anti-inflammatory effect.

Ketorolac is prescribed for the symptomatic treatment of ophthalmic diseases with pain, burning, foreign body sensation, photosensitivity, redness, as well as lacrimation after surgery.

Ketorolac is contraindicated for children, pregnant and lactating women. Long-term use of the product can lead to thinning, destruction of the epithelium and the formation of corneal ulcers.

Voltaren Ofta

Voltaren Ofta - eye drops with an anti-inflammatory effect. The active ingredient - diclofenac - reduces swelling, pain, irritation and redness of a non-infectious nature.

Voltaren Ofta is used for inflammation caused by allergies or injury, for recovery after operations (cataract removal, keratotomy).

The drug is contraindicated for use in the third trimester of pregnancy, under 18 years of age, with hypersensitivity to diclofenac.

Indocollier

Indocollir is a remedy for eye redness with an analgesic effect. The active substance (indomethacin) reduces the production of prostaglandins involved in the development of inflammation and pain.

With the help of drops you can eliminate redness, irritation and pain after penetrating injuries and ophthalmic operations. Indocollir is also prescribed for non-infectious conjunctivitis.

Contraindications for use include epithelial herpetic keratitis, bronchial asthma, bleeding disorders, allergies to the components included in Indocollir, acetylsalicylic acid and other types of NSAIDs.

With a complex composition

In cases where it is necessary to relieve irritation of the sclera with an unknown cause, in the case of a combination of several infections, as well as to prevent complications of eye diseases, eye drops for redness of a complex action can be prescribed - with an antimicrobial, antiviral, antiallergic effect.

Dexa-Gentamicin

Dex-Gentamicin is a drop with a complex composition that includes a glucocorticosteroid (dexamethasone) and an antibiotic (gentamicin sulfate), and has antimicrobial, antiallergic and anti-inflammatory effects.

The use of Dex-Gentamicin reduces irritation, pain and redness during bacterial infections, allergies and during the rehabilitation period after surgery.

The medicine has many contraindications: individual sensitivity to components, fungal infections, injuries and ulcers, glaucoma, wearing lenses, age under 18 years.

Visine

Vizin - vasoconstrictor drops with tetrahydrozoline hydrochloride, eliminate the symptoms of eye redness, swelling and reduce the intensity of lacrimation.

Visin is used to eliminate discomfort in the presence of factors that irritate the conjunctiva (dust, chlorinated water, smoke, allergic reactions). The drug is not prescribed for bacterial, viral and other types of infections.

Long-term use of Visin drops (more than 7-10 days) causes increased intraocular pressure and glaucoma.

For hydration

Irritation and redness in the eyes caused by environmental factors (sunlight, dust) or wearing soft contact lenses can be eliminated with the help of eye drops with a moisturizing effect.

Systane

Systane is an ophthalmic sterile solution, which contains sodium and potassium chlorides, boric acid, sorbitol and the natural polysaccharide GP-guar.

Systane is intended to reduce irritation of the cornea and redness of the sclera due to prolonged tension of the visual apparatus, contact with cosmetics, dust, chlorinated water on the mucous membrane, and eyelash extensions.

The product restores the tear film, eliminates discomfort and the feeling of sand on the mucous membrane. Can be used without removing contact lenses.

Hilo-Chest

Hilo-Komod is an artificial tear fluid substitute based on hyaluronic acid. Thanks to properties similar to mucin, a component of tears, Hilo-chest eliminates redness, strengthens the epithelium, moisturizes the mucous membrane, without affecting visual acuity.

The indication for the use of Hilo-Komod is the need for hydration for dry conjunctiva.

The drug is not absorbed into the bloodstream, therefore it has no contraindications. If several products are used, then the break between drops should last at least 30 minutes, with Hilo-Komod applied last.

Sicaprotect

Sicaprotect is a solution containing dexpanthenol and polyvinyl alcohol, which has a restorative and moisturizing effect. Sicaprtotex is intended to eliminate dryness of the conjunctiva, regardless of the cause, as well as when wearing hard contact lenses.

The product must be used without contact lenses. The only contraindication to the use of drops is an allergic reaction to the components of Sicaprotect.

Drug groups

Bacterial damage to the membranes of the eye leads to conjunctivitis, which is treated with combinations of drugs in different formulations. Drops, or a combination of several types, are optimal for the eye.

Doctors select medications depending on the severity of the disease, associated health problems, and the patient’s age.

Pharmacists have created three main groups of antibiotic drugs, which differ in the mechanism of action on microorganisms and the number of side effects for the patient:

1. Three generations of aminoglycosides act on the functioning of the bacterial cell from the inside, disrupting its metabolism. The newest generation is characterized by its speed of action and destroys organisms that are resistant to weaker agents. There is a risk of negative impact on the person himself. The range of drops of the first group is constantly replenished with analogues with a low price.
2. Fluoroquinolones have demonstrated effectiveness and rapidity of action. Destroy all types of bacteria in a short time. They are absorbed into the bloodstream, so there are strict restrictions on intake.
3. Medicines containing chloramphenicol have a slight negative effect on humans. Recommended for allergy sufferers and pregnant women. The downside is low efficiency over time (the result is not noticeable for a long time).

The choice of agents depends on individual tolerance, status (pregnancy), and the nature of the infection (type of causative bacteria). Appointments are made after laboratory tests.

Checklist for children

Fucithalmic

One percent eye drops in a 5 g package contain fusidic acid, an antimicrobial compound that disrupts protein synthesis.

Prevents ribosome binding.

Provides rapid elimination of conjunctivitis or stye. It is used in cases of keratitis, conjunctivitis and blepharitis.

Contraindications include hypersensitivity to the listed components.

Phloxal

Another remedy that can be used on children.

Active ingredient: Ofloxacin.

It is presented as a transparent solution of a light yellow hue.

Allows you to block bacterial cells and disrupt their reproduction.

Reaches high therapeutic concentrations in eye tissue.

Prescribed for corneal ulcers, keratitis, conjunctivitis, blepharitis, barley.

Important! Contraindications are pregnancy and breastfeeding.

A side effect may include an allergic reaction in the form of lacrimation.

Maxitrol

Maxitrol is a drug whose main active ingredient is neomycin sulfate.

It is a combination drug for local use. Allows you to have a bactericidal effect, while protein synthesis is disrupted.

The mechanism of action is manifested in the blockade of bacterial cells.

Observation is low. Prescribed for keratitis, blepharitis, conjunctivitis, barley.

Contraindications may include tuberculosis, fungal eye diseases, acute herpes zoster, mechanical damage to the eye, and individual intolerance to individual components.

Sodium sulfate

Sodium sulfacyl eye drops are an antimicrobial agent that contains the active ingredient sodium sulfacetamide.

Penetrates into the tissues and fluids of the mucous membrane of the eye and is absorbed into the bloodstream through the conjunctiva.

Prescribed for purulent ulcers, conjunctivitis, blepharitis and for prevention. Contraindication is hypersensitivity.

Levomycetin

The active ingredient is chloramphenicol. The drug is used in ophthalmology to treat conjunctivitis, blepharitis, inflammation caused by a foreign body entering the eye. You need to use chloramphenicol drops under the supervision of a doctor - this is an antibiotic, and its long-term use causes fungal infection, it will not help with viral conjunctivitis, a number of other viral diseases, and hemorrhages in the eye are possible among the side effects with long-term use. This is one of the most budget-friendly (about 78-100 rubles) drugs; among its more expensive analogues, Floxal is distinguished.

If cosmetics, household chemicals or dust come into contact with the mucous membrane, wash the eyes with running water and then drop Oxial or Levomycetin. If these steps do not help, you need to contact an ophthalmologist.

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

Dexamethasone

The active substance is dexamethasone sodium phosphate. Dexamethasone penetrates through the corneal epithelium into the aqueous humor of the anterior chamber of the eye. Indicated for non-purulent inflammatory and allergic diseases accompanied by hyperemia and irritation. Helps against inflammation of the eyelids.

The duration of treatment and frequency of use depends on the severity of the condition. It is allowed to instill no more than 2 drops at a time. Price - 39–213 rub.

Nevanak

Contains 1 mg nepafenac. Nevanac inhibits the synthesis of inflammatory mediators. Its anti-inflammatory activity is significantly superior to other drugs. Contraindicated in pregnancy, asthma, COPD and acute rhinitis. Nevanac is used up to 3 times a day. Cost - from 530 rub.

Diclofenac

Quickly reduces swelling and pain. Contraindicated in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy. After use, it may cause burning, tissue redness and pain. The cost of Diclofenac is 70 rubles.

Indocollier

Drops based on indomethacin. They have shown high effectiveness in the treatment of inflammatory processes of various origins.

For eye inflammation, apply up to 4 times a day, 1 drop. The duration of treatment with Indocollir is up to 4 weeks. It has a large list of contraindications. Price - 340 rub.

Indications for antibiotic treatment

Conjunctivitis

This inflammation of the outer shell of the eye, accompanied by redness, lacrimation, a feeling of sand in the eye, and photophobia, most often has an infectious nature. With a bacterial process, purulent discharge from the eyes (yellow or green) is most often observed. Examples of bacterial conjunctivitis are staphylococcal processes and gonococcal conjunctivitis.

If conjunctivitis is of a viral nature (measles, rubella, adenoviral infection, herpes, etc.), then the mucous discharge is indicated and antiviral agents are indicated. Allergic conjunctivitis requires antiallergic drops.

Keratitis

In complex therapy, when an infection occurs, local antimicrobial agents and broad-spectrum antibiotics are also indicated for these diseases.

Edematous forms of keratitis are often associated with gram-negative microflora and are often complicated by improper use of lenses. A creeping corneal ulcer is associated with membrane injuries and secondary infection. The pathology is characterized by pain in the eyes, photophobia, spasm of the eyelids, decreased visual acuity, clouding of the eye, and ulceration of the cornea. With deep keratitis, scar changes may remain with a persistent decrease in visual acuity.

Uveitis

When we talk about uveitis, we mean inflammation of the uvea of ​​the eye. Depending on which part of the vascular tract is inflamed, there are:

• Iridocyclitis is a lesion of the anterior segment (iris and ciliary body),
• Peripheral uveitis affects the choroid, retina, ciliary and vitreous body.
• Posterior uveitis - choroiditis (inflammation of the choroid) or chorioretinitis (inflammation of the choroid and retina).

Such pathologies will manifest themselves as pain in the eye, photophobia, and lacrimation. decreased visual acuity or dark spots floating before the eyes. The basic principles of treatment for uveitis are the same as for keratitis.

Author:

Krivega Maria Salavatovna resuscitator

Causes of pathology

Every person will agree that eyes cannot get tired and turn red just like that. There must be a source that provokes this phenomenon. And in order to choose the right drops against eye inflammation, it is necessary to find out the causes of the pathology.

Most often this phenomenon occurs as a result of:

• excessive strain on vision (long-term work at the computer, with documents);
• exposure to negative environmental factors (dirt, dust, exhaust, smog);
• allergic reaction;
• exposure to heat, cold, wind or dry air;
• wearing lenses in case of non-compliance with certain rules;
• vision pathologies (glaucoma, blepharitis, conjunctivitis);
• other diseases (diabetes mellitus and even common ARVI);
• corneal damage;
• pathologies of the cardiovascular system (the organs of vision suffer from impaired blood circulation).

Instructions for use

To achieve the maximum therapeutic effect during treatment, you should adhere to the following recommendations:

• Before using eye drops, wash your hands thoroughly with soap;
• Carefully inspect the tip of the bottle's pipette; there should be no damage to it. Otherwise, damage may be caused carelessly;
• Do not touch the eye mucosa with the pipette. This may cause bacterial infection to enter the middle of the bottle;
• tilt your head back and pull down your lower eyelid;
• bring the pipette as close to the eye as possible;
• place drops into the conjunctival sac and sit with your eyes closed for several minutes;
• press with your fingertips on the inner corners of your eyes;
• if liquid leaks out, simply wipe it with a paper napkin;
• Finally, close the bottle, place it in a safe place and wash your hands thoroughly again.

Antimicrobial eye drops are prescribed for diseases accompanied by the appearance of the following symptoms: blurred vision, photophobia, pain, itching, lacrimation, irritation, hyperemia, discharge of pus.

The use of antibacterial drops is not advisable at the initial stages of the pathological process or if the disease is mild. In this case, bacteriostatic agents are prescribed that slow down the growth and reproduction of pathogens.

Bring the dropper as close to your eye as possible

Despite the unconditional benefits of antibiotic drops, their use is associated with side effects. If, after instilling eye drops, vision deteriorates and headaches appear, use of the product should be stopped immediately. In some cases, antibacterial drugs can cause local allergic reactions. To avoid the development of unpleasant complications, you should consult your doctor before treatment and follow the recommendations from the instructions.

Depending on the characteristics of the therapeutic effect, antibacterial drops are divided into the following groups:

• drugs that disrupt the cell wall of a bacterial infection: Tsiprolet, Tsipromed;
• agents that destroy the protective membrane of the pathogen: Polymyxin;
• drugs affecting the synthesis of nucleic acids: Tobramycin.

Tsipromed eye drops destroy the cell wall of bacteria

Antiviral eye drops

Antibacterial drugs, even if they have antiseptic properties, cannot cope with viruses. Antiviral agents are used for this. Bacteria are destroyed by other microorganisms contained in antibacterial agents. To defeat the virus, it is necessary to activate all the body's resources. Antiviral drops enhance the production of interferon, a protein that helps cope with the virus. It penetrates directly into the cell in which it is located, but does not destroy it, but forces the cell itself to resist the viral attack.

It is important to start taking antiviral drugs as soon as signs of an ophthalmic disease appear.

In the absence of adequate treatment, a bacterial infection may join the inflammatory process. Then the treatment will be delayed. You will also have to select antibacterial drops.

The most common antiviral drugs for instillation into the eyes are Grippferon, Nazoferon and Genferon. They are suitable for adults. Children are prescribed "Oftalmoferon", "Oftan Idu", "Gludantan".

Which medications should I choose?

Let's consider two options: when the patient is going to be treated without visiting the hospital and when the doctor prescribed drugs after tests.

In the first case, you can consult a pharmacist at the pharmacy and he will tell you the safest option.

Most pain-relieving eye drops are only available by prescription for several important reasons:

1. When you see an ophthalmologist for eye pain relief, they can find and treat the real cause of your pain and possibly save your vision.
2. Your ophthalmologist will know the correct type and dose of eye drop medication to use for your eye condition and will prescribe it specifically for you.
3. Some eye drops can lead to more health problems. For example, they can lead to problems with the surface of your eye, eye infections, or other complications if they are overused or used incorrectly. Your ophthalmologist will make sure you know how often you should use your eye drops and how to administer them correctly.
4. By prescribing pain-relieving eye drops, your doctor can closely monitor your eye health and make sure you need eye care when needed.

Expert opinion

Danilova Elena Fedorovna

Ophthalmologist of the highest qualification category, Doctor of Medical Sciences. Has extensive experience in diagnosing and treating eye diseases in adults and children.

When allergies or dry eyes cause burning or stinging in the eyes, some over-the-counter (over-the-counter) eye drops may help. For example, preservative-free artificial tears can be used as often as needed to relieve the sting and sting of dry eyes. However, other over-the-counter drops purported to remove red from irritated eyes may actually cause more red eye problems if used too often.

Anti-inflammatory and moisturizing drops

To conclude our review of drops for eye redness, we present two drugs from the group of anti-inflammatory and moisturizing agents. On their own, they are not able to cope with allergic redness, do not affect the prevalence of the infectious process, and are used as auxiliary drops in complex treatment and prevention. As for the latest drug Vidisik, it promotes more gentle treatment of the organ of vision, and can be used in healthy patients for prevention when exposed to adverse environmental factors.

Indocollir (indomethacin)

Rating: 4.9

Everyone knows the anti-inflammatory drug indomethacin, which is used for joint pain; it reduces redness, swelling, and relieves the feeling of heat. In a word, it fights inflammation. This is the same drug, only to eliminate inflammation of the eye and its appendages (eyelids, conjunctiva, lacrimal apparatus). It does not fight microorganisms, does not affect the influence of environmental factors, but only interrupts the mechanism of inflammatory reactions. That is why, when exposed to Indicollyr, redness, pain, and swelling decrease, and this drug is most often used in the postoperative period after various ophthalmological operations.

It is prescribed one drop 4 times a day before surgery, and the same dosage for 3 hours before surgery. In the postoperative period - one drop up to 6 times a day to prevent inflammation. To relieve pain - 1 drop 4 times a day. These eye drops are produced by the German company Gerhard Mann, and one bottle of 5 milliliters costs 400 rubles.

Advantages and disadvantages

The disadvantage of Indocollir is the same as that of indomethacin. It also has systemic side effects. It should not be used even in drops for stomach ulcers, severe liver and kidney failure, under the age of 18, during lactation and pregnancy. But in the event that serious prevention of inflammation and subsequent surgical intervention is necessary, then this remedy is really necessary and can greatly alleviate the condition of an ophthalmic patient.

Vidisic (carbomer)

Rating: 4.8

This product is a pure moisturizer and a high quality artificial tear. It is indifferent in itself, and is a carbomer. Its effect is protective, and it’s not even drops, but rather a thick and viscous eye gel. It imitates tears very well, the cornea and conjunctiva do not dry out for a long time, and the resulting protective film helps improve the regeneration of the corneal epithelium. This consistency allows Vidisik not to accumulate in tissues, not to penetrate into the anterior chamber of the eye, and to provide comfortable vision.

It is indicated for dry and red eye syndrome, and this condition is often found among truck drivers, people who work at computers, and residents of dusty areas in the summer. This viscous gel should be instilled one drop up to 5 times a day, and during treatment, you should not wear soft contact lenses. The drug Vidisik is produced by the already mentioned German company Gerhard Mann, and 1 tube of 10 g costs an average of 260 rubles.

Advantages and disadvantages

Both the advantages and disadvantages of this tool are obvious.
So, it only protects, but does not heal. Therefore, it can be used first when redness and unpleasant symptoms occur. If the condition improves significantly, then, therefore, these are not allergic or infectious processes. If the improvement is insignificant, then you should urgently consult an ophthalmologist. On the other hand, it makes sense to use it for those people who have excessive visual load. Attention! This rating is subjective in nature, is not an advertisement and does not serve as a purchase guide. Before purchasing, consultation with a specialist is required.

Combination drugs

In addition to individual antibacterial and anti-inflammatory medications, many patients are now prescribed combination drugs. Using one type of drops instead of two reduces the cost of treatment and increases ease of use. One of the representatives of such drugs is Tobradex.

This combination drug contains two active ingredients - tobramycin and dexamethasone. Thanks to this, it has both a pronounced anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effect. The likelihood of developing purulent-inflammatory complications when using it is lower than after instillation of Dexamethasone alone.

Tobradex

Tobradex is indicated for use in the following cases:

• prevention of infectious complications in ophthalmic surgery;
• blepharitis;
• inflammation of the conjunctiva;
• keratitis without defects of the corneal epithelium.

The medicine cannot be used in cases where inflammatory processes are caused by a bacterial or viral infection. It is also prohibited to use Tobradex if Mycobacterium tuberculosis and fungi are detected on the surface of the cornea. The medicine is contraindicated for women during the period of bearing and feeding a child, and for children under two years of age.

Viral conjunctivitis

Since this is a combination medication, it cannot be instilled together with other anti-inflammatory or antibacterial agents. Simultaneous use with antiseptics is allowed.

Anti-inflammatory and antibacterial drops and ointments are widely used in ophthalmology. In order for treatment to be effective and safe, it is necessary to choose the right medications. Therefore, if symptoms of eye inflammation appear, it is recommended to seek qualified help rather than engage in self-treatment.

How should I use the drops?

The scheme for using drops in the presence of eye inflammation is quite simple:

1. First, you need to wash your hands with antibacterial soap;
2. After this, the lower eyelid is slightly retracted and the recommended number of drops is instilled into the conjunctival sac;
3. If necessary, you can carefully remove excess medication with a small cotton swab.

Note! After using many eye drops, side effects such as increased tearing, a burning sensation, and blurred vision may occur. If such symptoms do not go away on their own after 15 minutes, you should consult a doctor. In this case, it is necessary to choose another medication that helps fight eye inflammation.

Foreign body entry

Prolonged stay of a foreign body in the eye also causes redness of the white of the eyeball, profuse lacrimation and a feeling of a grain of sand. If, when examining the cornea in the mirror, it was possible to detect a speck, then it must be carefully removed using a cotton pad or a folded corner of a clean handkerchief. If the foreign object cannot be removed on the first attempt, contact an ophthalmologist for help. He will pull out the speck and prescribe drops to relieve inflammation. In these cases, Visine, Systane or Vial, as well as some other drugs, are suitable.

Characteristics of antibacterial and antiviral eye drops

When choosing a drug, in addition to the doctor’s recommendations, you must consider:

1. interaction of the drug with other drugs;
2. areas of application of antibacterial drops;
3. the age of the patient, the type of active substance and the presence of contraindications;
4. the possibility of complications associated with therapy;
5. resistance of microflora to the action of antibacterial drugs.

The information below is for advisory and informational purposes only; if pathologies of any type are detected in the organs of vision, it is necessary to obtain qualified advice from an ophthalmologist and use the individual treatment regimen proposed by him during therapy.

Albucid

Instructions for Alphagan eye drops are provided at the link.

Tsiprolet

The article will tell you what Leber amaurosis is and how to treat it.

Tsipromed

A problem that has a solution is high-grade amblyopia.

Antiviral – TOP 4

Anti-inflammatory eye drops are used in the treatment of visual organs affected by various types of viruses, and differ in their principle of action.

Based on the principle, these drops are divided into:

• products made on the basis of interferon;
• drugs that have an immunomodulatory effect;
• and virucidal substances that destroy pathogenic microflora.

Interferon-based eye drops suppress viral forms by developing local and viral immunity and increasing the body's resistance. Agents based on the inactivation of viral forms are characterized by a more severe effect and have the ability to disrupt metabolic processes and the course of healing in the area of ​​the damaged area.

Is it possible to treat astigmatism at home? It is described in detail in the article.

Oftan I'm coming

Among antiviral drops, the most effective drugs are:

1. Vitabact is a direct-acting medicinal product that actively counteracts fungal, intestinal, viral, chlamydial and bacterial infections. The course of treatment is 1.5 weeks, during which the drops can be used in a dosage of 1 drop at a time in an amount of 2 to 6 times, in accordance with the recommendations of the treating ophthalmologist. Using the product contributes to the formation of a blurry image with unclear contours; when using it, you must avoid driving a car, working on machines and other operations that pose a threat. Itabact eye drops for newborns are also suitable.
2. Oftan Idu belongs to the group of virucidal agents, the principle of its action is based on the active substance of the drug changing the DNA structure of pathogenic microflora. In case of severe acute symptoms, the doctor recommends using drops once every few hours. The use of the drug may be associated with the onset of such side effects as impaired corneal sharpness, increased lacrimation, itching in the area where the disorder is localized.
3. Interferon-based ophthalmoferon Diphenhydramine, which is part of the drug, eliminates the occurrence of allergic reactions and eliminates inflammation. Patients note that the drug is well tolerated and has virtually no side effects. Ophthalmoferon moisturizes the mucous surface, relieving the patient of discomfort and inflammatory processes. Prescribed for keratitis, iridocyclitis and eye inflammation of allergic etiology.
4. Poludan is used for the treatment of disorders caused by adenoviruses or herpetic in nature and is characterized by antiviral and immunostimulating effects. The duration of the course of treatment is 1-1.5 weeks, while the drug is used every 3 hours, a few drops at a time. Despite the good tolerance of the drug in most patients, in a small proportion of people, as a result of using the drug, an increase in intraocular pressure may occur, a burning sensation and itching in the area where the disorder is localized.

Poludan

Different pupils as a symptom of a serious disease - treatment and causes of anisocoria.

What drops are recommended to use when using contact lenses?

There are drops for eye redness when wearing lenses. Irritation may occur due to the following reasons:

• Improper use of contact lenses;
• Long-term wearing of products;
• The presence of increased sensitivity of the eyes to foreign objects;
• Using lenses during night sleep.

If your eyes become inflamed while using lenses, you can use the following medications:

1. "Inoxa". The medication contains natural ingredients. Drops help eliminate irritation and reduce dry eyes. Positive changes can be noticed already in the first 5 minutes after using Inoxa. If agreed with an ophthalmologist, drops can be used repeatedly throughout the day;
2. "Systane Ultra". The product helps to get rid of the discomfort that occurs when using contact lenses. Systane Ultra perfectly relieves inflammation;
3. "Visine Natural Tear". In terms of composition, the drug is an analogue of natural tear fluid, which is produced by the organs of vision. Visine Natural Tear helps eliminate red eyes. The medication "Visin Pure Tear" should be used if dry eye syndrome occurs. It begins to act a few minutes after its application. The effect obtained after using the medication can last for up to eight hours.

Anti-inflammatory medications

There are a huge number of drugs on the market that have an anti-inflammatory effect. According to the principle of action and chemical composition, they are divided into two groups:

• non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs);
• glucocorticosteroids.

Medicines of the first group have a moderate anti-inflammatory effect, but rarely cause undesirable effects. Therefore, they are used to treat any inflammatory diseases in ophthalmology.

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

Glucocorticosteroids are hormonal drugs whose effectiveness is much higher than that of NSAIDs. They also more often cause the development of undesirable reactions, and if used incorrectly, they can provoke a deterioration in the patient’s condition. Therefore, GCS should not be instilled into the eyes to treat inflammation caused by a bacterial infection.

Glucocorticosteroids - mechanism of action

Let us consider in detail the most common representatives of these groups.

Glucocorticosteroids (Dexamethasone)

Among medications from the group of glucocorticosteroids, only dexamethasone-based drugs are used in ophthalmology. They can be found in pharmacies under the following trade names:

• Dexamethasone;
• Oftan Dexamethasone;
• Maxidex.

Dexamethasone

This product has a powerful anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic effect. It is prescribed for the treatment of the following diseases:

• inflammatory pathologies not associated with bacterial or viral infection;
• allergic conjunctivitis, blepharitis, keratitis;
• inflammation of the choroid of the organ of vision (uveitis).

In addition, Dexamethasone is widely used in ophthalmic surgery. The drug is indicated for instillation for several days after operations in order to reduce the risk of developing inflammatory complications. The medicine is also prescribed for injuries, but only in cases where there are no signs of pus formation due to the addition of a bacterial infection.

Maxidex

The drops should be used 3-5 times a day, the duration of the course of treatment does not exceed 4-5 weeks. It is impossible to abruptly stop using Dexamethasone - usually from the second or third week the number of instillations per day is gradually reduced. To prevent the addition of a bacterial infection, it is recommended to additionally use antibacterial drops.

Important! If purulent discharge from the eye occurs during treatment with glucocorticoids, instillation should be stopped. This should also be reported to your doctor.

The anti-inflammatory effect after instillation of drops appears within 4-8 hours. Despite the fact that the drug is eliminated through the liver, it does not affect the internal organs. Therefore, the use of Dexamethasone according to the instructions does not lead to the development of systemic adverse reactions .

Oftan Dexamethasone

Drops cannot be instilled in the following cases:

• in case of intolerance to the active substance or auxiliary components;
• if the inflammatory pathology is caused by bacteria or viruses;
• fungal infection of eye tissue;
• presence of purulent discharge.

Undesirable effects:

• secondary fungal or bacterial infection;
• masking or increasing the severity of purulent-inflammatory processes;
• a decrease in the thickness of the cornea; with prolonged use, erosion, ulceration or perforation may occur;
• slowing down corneal regeneration.

Oftan Dexamethasone has contraindications and side effects

The shelf life of the medicine is 4 weeks after opening the package. It should be stored in the refrigerator at a temperature of 2-8 degrees.

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

The drugs that are included in this group are divided according to the main component and manufacturer. The most commonly used NSAIDs in ophthalmology are:

• Diclofenac;
• Bromfenac;
• Indomethacin;
• Nepafenac.

These are the names of the active ingredients. Medicines based on them in pharmacies usually have other names, which will be discussed below.

NSAIDs, like Dexamethasone, suppress inflammatory reactions in tissues. This means that, in addition to reducing the severity of symptoms, local protective forces are also reduced. Therefore, such medications should only be used together with antibiotic drops, which prevent the addition of a bacterial infection.

Diclofenac

This substance belongs to the phenylacetic acid group. Preparations based on it in ophthalmology occupy first place in frequency of use among all NSAIDs. Such medicines may have the following trade names:

• Diclofenac;
• Diklo-F;
• Diclofenac-Solopharm.

Diklo-F

The medications listed above have both anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. Their use leads to a decrease in the severity of tissue swelling and redness.

Indications for the use of drugs based on Diclofenac:

• as a preventive measure before surgical interventions and for a month in the postoperative period;
• before performing operations on the lens - to prevent pupil constriction, prevent the development of papilledema;
• inflammation of eye tissue of a non-infectious nature;
• eye injuries and associated inflammatory processes;
• before laser treatment of myopia in order to reduce the severity of pain.

Diclofenac-Solopharm

It is recommended to instill the medicine 4-5 times a day. The duration of the therapeutic course is on average 4 weeks; if necessary, it can be extended.

Contraindications:

• third trimester of pregnancy;
• children under two years old;
• people who have previously shown signs of allergy to NSAIDs.

Adverse reactions when instilling Diclofenac may be associated with the development of a hypersensitivity reaction and individual intolerance to the drug. They are manifested by redness of the conjunctiva, discomfort, and a feeling of foreignness. In severe cases, clouding of the cornea may occur.

Indomethacin

The drug containing this active substance is called Indomethacin. Like other NSAIDs, along with a decrease in the severity of inflammation in tissues, it relieves pain and swelling. The medicine is indicated for the treatment of inflammation of the conjunctiva; it is instilled in the postoperative period to prevent the development of complications.

Indocollir should be dripped 3-4 times a day. The general course of treatment is up to 4 weeks. In ophthalmic surgery, it is prescribed a day before the operation - in total it is necessary to instill it 4 times.

Indocollier

Contraindications are the same as for other NSAIDs. People who wear contact lenses should remove them before using the medicine. Particular caution is recommended for patients prone to allergic reactions. If burning, itching or other unpleasant sensations in the eye occur after instillation, use of the medicine should be stopped and your doctor should be informed.