Why does bleeding appear after sexual intercourse?

Pain that accompanies sexual intercourse or occurs immediately after it can significantly ruin the personal life of both men and women. To refer to all types of pain that are felt during or after intercourse, the term “dyspareunia” (literally “painful sexual intercourse”) is used. With dyspareunia, burning, pulling, sharp or dull pain is localized specifically in the genitals. Postcoital (after sexual intercourse) pain is called genitalgia, considering it a manifestation of organic or mental pathology.

Dyspareunia due to STDs

Chlamydia is the most common STD, but in the early stages the disease is virtually asymptomatic. Signs of inflammation appear only 2-3 weeks after infection with chlamydia: burning pain in the urethra during micturition (urination), drawing pain in the lower abdomen and lower back. In women, vaginal discharge is profuse, yellowish-gray, with a strong unpleasant odor. In men, chlamydia occurs with mild symptoms, characterized by signs of prolonged urethritis and scanty, glassy discharge from the penis, the so-called. morning drop. With chlamydia, only women experience pain during sexual intercourse.

Gonorrhea. Symptoms develop within 2-10 days after infection, excluding cases of latent infection, which can manifest itself even after several months. Gonorrhea discharge is profuse and thick, yellowish-green in color, often containing blood and clots. Urethritis in men and women is manifested by frequent mictions and burning pain, colpitis (inflammation of the vagina) - redness of the mucous membrane and characteristic discharge.

Both men and women experience sexual discomfort with severe symptoms of gonorrhea: the partner experiences pain during sex, and her partner experiences pain at the end of sexual intercourse.

Syphilis rarely manifests itself as pain during sexual intercourse : primary syphilomas (hard chancre) and the rash associated with secondary syphilis are usually painless, but with atypical clinical forms, pain during sex is possible.

Signs of chancre (primary syphilis):

• Genital chancroid in men often forms on the penis or scrotum, in women - on the labia, clitoris, and cervix;
• Looks like an erosion or ulcer with raised edges and a dense bottom;
• Usually painless;
• Disappears without treatment, leaving behind a compaction;
• Scleradenitis develops in the chancre area - regional lymph nodes become enlarged, they are dense and do not hurt;
• The node located closer to the chancre is always enlarged more than others.

discharge accompanied by pain is a likely sign of sexually transmitted infections

Trichomoniasis is classified as a parasitic STD and is caused by the single-celled organism Trichomonas vaginalis. In men, the urethra becomes infected first, but symptoms may not appear for a long time. In women, it begins with trichomonas colpitis with yellow-green purulent discharge, which has a particularly pungent and putrid odor, and then an ascending infection develops. Vaginal itching, bleeding between cycles, pain during intercourse are concerns.

Genital herpes is a viral disease, transmitted by contact (contaminated underwear, dirty hands) and sexually. Manifests itself as blistering rashes in the genital and anal areas; subsequently, the blisters turn into erosions and ulcers, causing pain to partners during intercourse. After sex, pain is also felt, the cause of which is mechanical irritation of the inflamed mucous membranes.

Genital papillomatosis : the causative agent is HPV (human papillomavirus), its involvement in the development of cervical cancer has been reliably proven. This type of tumor is especially unpleasant, because the primary focus can be negligible (up to only a few mm) and outwardly resemble ordinary cervical erosion, but metastases form very quickly and lead to the death of the patient. The primary signs of genital warts are small bumps (in the vagina, on the penis, in the urethra, around the anus, in the throat), local itching, pain and slight bleeding during sex.

Candidiasis of the genitals . Fungal infection, possible infection through sexual or contact contact. The main symptom is a discharge that resembles cottage cheese and a characteristic sour odor. Clinically manifests itself as urethritis, colpitis, balanitis or balanoposthitis - inflammation of the head of the penis and the internal preputial layer.

With very common candidiasis, pain is also present during sex, but the burning sensation is especially noticeable after sexual intercourse.

Causes

The causes of bleeding during sex vary. Sometimes this is a natural physiological reaction:

• menstruation has begun;
• defloration occurred.

If a girl's period is approaching, intercourse can speed up the onset. Intense tension in the muscles of the vagina and pelvic floor provokes this. The hormonal background has already changed in accordance with the phase of the cycle, the endometrium is ready for exfoliation. Therefore, an unusual situation arose.

It is not dangerous to have sex before your period. The opening of the cervix and the formation of a small lumen for the removal of the endometrium increases the risk of penetration of microorganisms from the natural microflora of the vagina into its cavity. And this happens directly during the phase of menstrual bleeding. In the middle of the cycle, at the end this does not happen.

If you start bleeding immediately after your period, it may be a residual phenomenon. In this case, the bleeding is small and appears a few hours after the end of menstruation, the next day. Natural processes have already taken over, and the endometrium begins to grow. You need to pay attention to the symptom, mention it during a planned visit to the gynecologist, and remember in advance whether this is an isolated case or not. A woman's reproductive system is both fragile and resilient. Careful attention required. Everyday worries distract you and make you forget about your health, and this is dangerous.

Bleeding may occur during defloration. In this case, there can be either little or a lot of blood during sex - everything is determined by individual characteristics. In a few minutes the situation should return to normal. If this does not happen, we are talking about injury, possibly.

In rare cases, the female hymen remains intact for some time. It consists of mucous membranes. It has varying degrees of density, flexibility, and stretchability for different people. Defloration may come as a surprise during the second or third sexual intercourse. But the gynecologist will confirm that the rupture of the hymen is the reason why the bleeding occurs.

Sometimes the reasons why blood bleeds during sex are:

1. Infection of the genitourinary system.
2. Endometriosis.
3. Polyp formation.
4. Erosion.
5. Tumors.
6. Use of hormonal drugs.
7. Taking aspirin.

It is important to understand where the blood may come from. The source may be the urethra rather than the vagina. It is possible that the blood comes from the genitals of a man, not a woman. There are different situations, you always have to act according to the circumstances. Don't hesitate and ignore the problem. Blood during sex, after it, the reasons for its appearance are sometimes very dangerous.

Damage and ruptures

It is not for nothing that much attention is paid to the topic of foreplay in sexuality education. Passion sometimes makes you ignore this stage of intimacy. The results may not be encouraging; the experiment will end unsuccessfully. Calling an ambulance is, of course, not what partners expect. But if you need to call a doctor, it’s right to put aside your embarrassment.

Bleeding during sexual intercourse may be associated with rupture of the vaginal walls or uterine vault

Bleeding during sexual intercourse may be associated with rupture of the vaginal walls and uterine vault. In other cases, the short frenulum of the penis or the entrance to the urethra, the foreskin is damaged. In the first few minutes after intimacy, nothing strange will happen. But as soon as a person gets out of bed, the flow of blood to the genitals will increase significantly. Blood clots that began to form against the background of decreased erection of the vagina and penis will not cope with the load.

The longer partners or the person himself delays calling an ambulance, the worse it will be. After a few hours of inactivity, death will occur.

If there was initially irritation, erosion, or invisible damage on the mucous surface, the situation may worsen during sexual intercourse. This is one of the reasons why there is bleeding after sex; during it, even if it is gentle, it is not at all aggressive. A person in such a situation often does not experience pain or it is minimal. In the genital mucosa, nerve endings are located differently than in normal skin. This shell is thinner, it is easy to damage, there are more capillaries, they are located close to the surface.

Irritation and inflammation are initially less dangerous situations. Red discharge will appear after sexual intercourse, and if it ruptures, as with a severe cut on the finger or as during menstruation, blood will flow. There is a risk of developing an infection: microorganisms from opportunistic microflora will enter the veins, arteries, and spread throughout the body.

Personal hygiene and medication administration

Incorrectly selected contraceptive pills, violation of the rules of administration specified in the instructions, lead to disruptions in the menstrual cycle. This is also one of the likely causes of bleeding during sex. You should choose medications in accordance with the recommendations of the gynecologist, and do not violate the instructions specified in the package insert.

People who choose condoms as contraception may experience bleeding problems due to irritation of the mucous membranes. Condoms are hypoallergenic, but problems may arise due to intolerance to the components and hypersensitivity. It will be clear which partner produces blood during sexual intercourse - this is an advantage.

During sex, blood may bleed if non-classic condoms are chosen. This is an additional risk - ribbed condoms and intense sex. Spotting after sex, unpleasant sensations in the form of burning, itching, are reasons for temporary abstinence. You need to analyze the situation and make an informed decision about what to do next, whether to buy this type of condom or not. To avoid the risk of developing thrush, chlamydia, and other infections, it is rational to use decoctions for washing and douching after intimacy. It is not recommended to use them constantly - this will suppress natural immunity.

Aspirin is often taken for headaches. It is prescribed for certain diseases. It prevents the formation of blood clots by reducing the production of prostaglandins. Platelets are destroyed. This can lead to bleeding, including during sex. If unpleasant symptoms appear, you should stop taking it on your own for a while and consult a doctor.

Endometriosis

According to statistics, endometriosis is a common disease. About 30% of women of reproductive age have it. This is one of the possible reasons why blood appears during sexual intercourse. It is not always released into the vagina. There are two types of endometriosis – genital and extragenital. In the genital type, the endometrium grows in the uterus, and in the second type, the cells appear in the abdominal cavity. Internal bleeding is accompanied by severe pain, fainting, and signs of anemia.

With endometriosis, the likelihood of getting pregnant decreases, and the quality of life changes due to disturbing pain in the lower abdomen. One of the symptoms is a change in the menstrual cycle - heavy discharge, prolonged. A few days before the start of menstruation, spotting appears, a few days after its end. Sometimes between periods bleeding begins, reminiscent of them.

If it becomes clear that endometriosis is likely, blood loss has begun, you should go to the hospital. Often, these discharges appear simultaneously both when the woman had sex and when she had menstruation and her hormonal levels changed. Endometrial cells are sensitive to hormones. Atypicals are no exception.

Changes in hormonal levels often provoke the appearance of symptoms, rather than the load on the muscles of the pelvis and abdominal cavity.

Uterine diseases

If there is bleeding from the vagina during sex, this may indicate not only endometriosis, but also other diseases. Erosion is also a common problem. It occurs against the background of changes in the natural composition of opportunistic microflora, against the background of inflammatory processes of various etiologies in other organs. Spotting during and after sex will be accompanied by unpleasant sensations - burning, itching.

With uterine cancer, such a symptom may appear. But it’s easy not to pay attention to it right away, because very little blood is released and not every time. One of the signs of the appearance of polyps is pain, bleeding during intimacy, and changes in the nature of bleeding during menstruation. Signs depend on the individual characteristics of the human body and the situation.

Sexually transmitted diseases

Diseases of the venereal group are a contraindication for having sex.
Diseases of the venereal group are a contraindication for having sex. There is a high probability that your partner will become infected. You need to get well first. But a person does not always know that he is sick. If having sex causes pain or discomfort, perhaps we are talking about a sexually transmitted infection. The appearance of foci of inflammation on the mucous membranes is a symptom of many sexually transmitted infections.

These lesions sometimes go unnoticed for a long time. Blood discharge may occur during sexual intercourse, and this will help to recognize the problem. Sexually transmitted infections are dangerous due to complications. They often pose a threat to life, but at the same time are easily treated. The main thing is to ask for help.

Drops of blood after sexual intercourse on a man’s or woman’s genitals are often not the only negative sign. While taking a shower, bath, or douching, a burning sensation is likely. Shortly before this, I might have been bothered by a fever or general weakness. It’s worth remembering all the symptoms. This will help the doctor make a diagnosis. After unprotected sex, both partners should be examined.

Pain after sex (post-coital)

Associated with diseases of the genitals or somatogenic. The reasons are of a material nature: injuries to the genital organs, adhesions after operations, acute inflammation, tumors. After adequate treatment, the pain disappears; in case of deformation of the genital organs, restorative and cosmetic plastic surgery is indicated.

To prevent adhesions, patients are recommended to turn over from side to side at least once every half hour and get out of bed as early as possible on the first day after surgery. Naturally, all this is only after the approval of the attending physician. When adhesions are formed, it is suggested to take proteolytic enzymes (preferably of plant origin - papain, bromelain, and always between meals), or use homeopathic injection preparations topically (traumeel, aloe)

.

Psychogenic pain occurs if the sexual relationship in a couple is disharmonious, or after one of the partners has suffered psychological trauma (rape) or due to physical exhaustion. The latter option is often found among female models who deliberately refuse normal food in order to meet accepted “beauty standards.” Fatal incidents on the catwalk literally forced the governments of some countries (Israel, France) to introduce legislative standards fixing the ratio of height and weight for the admission of fashion models to photo shoots and fashion shows.

Excessive emotions - fear of defloration, an unconscious reaction to homosexual tendencies - can also manifest as pain after sexual intercourse. A rare type of genitalgia is pain after sex caused by mental illnesses (schizophrenia, phobias). The solution to these problems is within the competence of psychiatrists and psychoanalysts.

Malignant tumors: see an oncologist immediately!

This is another large group of diseases that manifest as bloody “spotting” or bleeding after sexual intercourse. The most common complaint with which women turn to a gynecologist is the release of blood after sexual intercourse. Subsequently, bloody “spotting” appears during heavy lifting and physical activity. Advanced forms of uterine cancer are accompanied by copious bleeding.

Often, the reason that brown discharge causes discomfort to a woman after sex is various neoplasms. Most often we are talking about polyps: these benign tumors appear due to stress, weakened immunity or hormonal imbalance.

Polyps are formed from cells of the cervix and parasitize on it until they are removed. Unfortunately, it is impossible to cure this disease using conservative methods: polyps can only be gotten rid of through surgery, and nothing else. The secretions released from polyps are either pink or bloody in color: brown is not typical for them.

Brown discharge after sex can also indicate cervical erosion: unlike polyps, this disease is not characterized by any other symptoms and often goes unnoticed until the next examination by a specialist. Erosion is incredibly dangerous - if there is a delay in treatment, it develops into cancer, which is why, at the slightest suspicion of it, an examination by a doctor is necessary.

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Pain during intercourse in men

Men may experience discomfort during sex for organic reasons. For example, a foreskin that is too tight causes pain by squeezing the head of the penis during erection. If sclerotic plaques (Peyronie's disease) have formed under the skin, the penis becomes curved and pain occurs during arousal. A frenulum tear can also cause pain during intercourse.

Inflammation of the head of the penis and foreskin, hydrocele, prostatitis or cystitis always create problems with sexual activity. If intercourse does take place, then it will bring little joy to the man: both during and after sex, pain will be felt, which may be accompanied by urinary incontinence. Therefore, in case of any genital inflammation, it is better for men to abstain from sex.

Sensitive skin on the head of the penis can be a congenital feature or a consequence of recent inflammation; appears when there is an allergy to the lubricant of condoms or to the vaginal secretion (vaginal discharge) of a particular woman. During sexual intercourse, the pain is more raw than burning, and subsides after a hygienic shower.

What are the causes of blood in men

Almost always, spotting accompanies the first intimate experience. It may also be accompanied by a painful sensation. This symptom is normal and does not require additional treatment.

Blood during sex that occurred for the first time indicates a tear in the hymen. In this case, the symptom may appear during a couple of subsequent intimate relationships. The symptom will be present until the protective film breaks completely.

There may be no selection. This indicates the flexibility of the hymen, which will only be stretched and torn in the event of childbirth or sex with a partner who has a larger penis.

After having sex for the first time, it is better to visit a gynecologist. This is necessary for the prevention and exclusion of possible pathological processes.

After the first sexual intercourse, you should consult a gynecologist

• diseases of the urinary system;
• deviations of the reproductive organs.

A man's blood is always pathological. You should stop having sexual intercourse and consult a doctor.

Pain during intercourse in women

Women feel pain during sex if they suffer from vaginismus - spasm of the vaginal muscles . The reason may be an unsuccessful first experience of sexual activity and the resulting fear and mistrust of a sexual partner. With vaginismus, the vagina contracts sharply if a penis or any object (for example, gynecological instruments) is inserted into it. The spasm is so strong that it promises serious trouble for a rude partner. Therefore, a gentlemanly attitude towards women is by no means a whim, but a matter of personal safety for men.

Failed defloration , when the hole in the hymen stretches but does not break in a T-shape. In this case, pain and discomfort during sexual intercourse may be felt until the first birth. Help in this situation is surgical defloration or understanding on the part of the partner and pharmacist. help (lubricants).

Inflammatory processes of any origin in the functional layer of the uterus - endometritis. Pain appears during sexual intercourse only before menstruation, along with spotting. With inflammation of the muscle layer (myometritis), pain during sex is felt at the peak of mechanical impact. If parametritis (inflammation of the periuterine tissue) and plexitis (inflammation of the pelvic nerve plexus) are added, then the pain becomes especially sharp and radiates to the perineum and sacrum.

Large cysts in the ovaries manifest themselves as pain during sex, small ones (up to 1-2 cm in diameter, with polycystic disease) are not felt at all.

Static phenomena : the outflow of venous blood from the pelvic organs is difficult if a woman has a “sedentary” job, her sex life is unsatisfactory or irregular. In these cases, swelling of the vagina and internal genitalia develops, which is manifested by sharp pain during coitus (sexual intercourse). The condition is dangerous, because venous stagnation is a “green light” for the development of inflammation and tumors. Therefore, a high-quality sex life is definitely needed, and in case of its hopeless absence, you should resort to vaginal massage. It is done either by a gynecologist or independently, using gadgets from a sex shop.

Neuralgic pain, which is especially noticeable during sex, occurs with equal frequency in both women and men. The nature of the pain is burning, shooting. With pelvic neuralgia, the pain radiates (gives) to the groin, thigh, labia, and scrotum. At the same time, muscle spasm occurs, the pain intensifies and stabilizes - the person takes the so-called. forced position and freezes. With such symptoms, the partners are clearly no longer interested in sex, so romance will have to be put off for a while and treated. To relieve neuralgic pain, diclofenac is used (preferably in ampoules of 75 mg, into the muscle); An intramuscular injection of mydocalm will help relieve the spasm, and a course of vitamin B12 injections (10 ampoules) will “restore the nerves.” This regimen can be used for any neuralgia, if the patient is not allergic to these medications.

Problems of painful sex due to discrepancies between the sizes of the penis and vagina are from the category of folk tales. A woman is able to accept any partner if the man understands her sexually and behaves appropriately to the situation. There are elementary anatomical explanations for this: during childbirth, the vagina can pass through the body, and most importantly, the child’s head, which is clearly larger in diameter than any penis.

Guide to action

The fact that you have bloody discharge after PA may well be to blame for the medications. Thus, medications that affect blood clotting often provoke bleeding after sex! Regular aspirin can have the same effect on you: it is a minor and not dangerous side effect.

Bleeding after sexual intercourse occurs even more often when taking oral contraceptives. Violation of taking pills, skipping a pill or abruptly interrupting a pill, as well as switching from one drug to another or starting to take hormonal drugs - all this can cause brown spotting. If they appeared in the first month after starting to take OK or because of a missed pill, there is nothing to worry about: this is a normal reaction of the body.

At the same time, frequent and fairly heavy bleeding when taking oral contraceptives is a bad sign. Most often, this indicates that the drug and dosage of hormones are chosen incorrectly and are not suitable for your body! If the brown discharge becomes constant, and blood clots begin to be released along with it, consult a gynecologist - your course of taking oral contraceptives needs to be adjusted.

Of course, no one wants to mar the sweet manifestations of love with health-related troubles. Fortunately, most bleeding problems are easy to treat. The main thing is not to put off visiting the doctor.

If bleeding occurs immediately after intercourse, you may need emergency medical help. It is especially dangerous if a woman feels sharp pain, similar to prenatal contractions. Such symptoms indicate internal hemorrhages for the following reasons:

• abnormal ectopic pregnancy;
• violation of the integrity of the ovary;
• spontaneous miscarriage.

If at the same time a woman feels unwell, experiencing dizziness, weakness, rapid heartbeat and a sharp drop in blood pressure, then this is a harbinger of serious trouble. The main thing is not to waste precious time and act. Losing a large amount of blood is fatal. So let every woman value her life and the peace of her family.

What should you do if you experience pain or discomfort when having sex?

1. Find out the cause of the problem. In men, it is mainly somatic (bodily); Psychological disorders predominate in women.
2. If there is a sharp pain and burning sensation in combination with discharge from the genitals (pus, blood), then you should consult a venereologist. By performing a culture or PCR, you can accurately determine the pathogen and receive the correct treatment.
3. Blood discharge during or after sex is a sign of inflammation or tumor. A medical examination is required.
4. Neuralgic pain can be a sign of internal inflammation, spinal injury or age-related osteochondrosis. The pain must be quickly relieved, then the underlying disease must be treated.

Physiological causes of spotting after sex

In women of reproductive age, bleeding after sex can occur for natural reasons that have nothing to do with diseases:

1. The first intimate act, when the hymen is damaged and ruptured.
2. Ovulation - spotting is recorded in the middle of the monthly cycle, when a mature egg is preparing for fertilization.
3. Conception - postcoital bleeding accompanies the process of implantation of the embryo into the uterine layer.
4. The period of recovery of the uterus after childbirth - after 30–40 days from delivery, spotting (lochia) becomes transparent and scanty, but minor bleeding after PA can be observed.
5. The onset of menstruation - the appearance of pinkish leucorrhoea after intimate contact may coincide with the first day of menstruation; they will soon develop into full-fledged bleeding.

If mild spasms are observed in the perineum, vagina, and lower abdomen, possible causes lie in damage to the mucous membranes during hard sex. The ichor is released due to rupture of capillaries, tissue of the vaginal vault, and its walls.

Prevention and treatment measures

It is worth understanding that bloody vaginal discharge during or after sexual intercourse is not a disease, but a symptom. Therefore, before choosing a course of treatment, it is necessary to determine the cause of the pathology. A consultation with a gynecologist can help with this. Based on medical statistics, you can familiarize yourself in advance with the most common causes of painful discharge in females, as well as methods for eliminating them:

Cause of discharge	Treatment or first aid measures
Cervical cancer	A comprehensive treatment is carried out by a gynecological oncologist, which includes surgery to remove the uterus and lymph nodes, chemotherapy and radiation therapy.
Endometriosis	Treatment for endometriosis is carried out surgically. If the stage of the disease is not severe, then it can be treated with powerful hormonal agents.
Benign neoplasms	Treatment occurs through minimally invasive surgery, most often cryosurgery or laser treatment of the tumor.
Infection	Gynecologists prescribe antibiotics. After completing the course, the woman must undergo repeated smears to check the microflora and cleanliness of the vagina.
Pregnancy	It is necessary to reduce sexual activity and also consult a doctor. This is especially important if the discharge is accompanied by painful sensations.
Endometrial precancer	The hormonal drug Progesterone, taken after consultation with the oncologist, helps slow down the growth of malignant cells and relieve pain.
Internal bleeding	If the cause is internal bleeding, the patient is given analgesics and antispasmodics, and surgery is performed.

Some of the previously listed reasons can be quickly eliminated, for example, changing the method of contraception or choosing a new brand of condoms. You can resort to preventive measures. To avoid repeated bleeding, doctors advise observing sexual hygiene measures, regularly consulting with a gynecologist, reducing the number of sexual partners, and also using lubricants in case of a lack of natural discharge.