Pancreatitis is a complex disease associated with disorders of the pancreas. Along with drug treatment, the patient is recommended to diet 5, which prohibits or limits the consumption of a number of foods that contribute to the exacerbation of the pathology. In connection with the emergence of new forms of the disease, nutritionists continue to work on improving the diet.
Pros of diet for pancreatitis
The pancreas produces enzymes that are released into the duodenum and participate in the process of digesting food. With pancreatitis, due to such provoking factors as alcohol abuse, exacerbation of cholelithiasis, the outflow of pancreatic juice does not occur, and enzymes begin to act directly on the gland, i.e. the process of self-digestion begins.
The disease is characterized by acute pain in the area where the gland is located, accompanied by nausea and vomiting. Table No. 5 excludes difficult-to-digest foods to ease the work of the inflamed organ.
If the patient does not comply with the diet, salty and fatty foods irritate the gastric mucosa and increase the level of acidity, and since the gland does not work fully, food is poorly digested and takes a long time, and the patient’s well-being worsens.
Some patients suffer from a shortage of tasty, but harmful foods, which can not be completely excluded, you just have to learn how to prepare them correctly.
Table No. 5 allows people who are obese to lose weight. Patients who strictly adhere to the diet lose up to 5 kg per week.
Type of medical nutrition
Diet No. 5p exists in two versions. The first is used for acute pancreatitis - No. 5a, and the second for chronic pancreatitis - No. 5b.
In diet No. 5a, the daily calorie intake should not be more than 1700 kcal. All food is liquid and pureed. Foods that can stimulate the secretory function of the pancreas are prohibited. This diet lasts about a week.
In diet No. 5b, calorie content increases to 2700 kcal. The amount of proteins, carbohydrates and fats increases. All broths and decoctions are excluded to reduce the release of pancreatic secretions. All food is taken pureed.
General rules of the “5th table” diet
The developer of a complex of diets for patients with various diseases was nutritionist and gastroenterologist M.I. Pevzner, who outlined a list of permitted and prohibited foods for each disease.
The characteristics of the diet according to Pevzner “Table number 5” are as follows:
- Eating food with a normal content of proteins and carbohydrates.
- Reduction or complete refusal (depending on the degree of pathology) from fat-containing foods.
- Using boiling, stewing, baking in cooking. Ingredients with a lot of fiber should be pureed or finely chopped.
- Prohibition on eating cold foods (aspic, jelly, ice cream, etc.).
- Exclusion from the diet of foods high in oxalic acid and purines.
- Moderate salt intake.
You need to eat 5 times a day in small portions. In the morning, before breakfast, it is recommended to drink a glass of water.
For cholecystitis
In case of chronic cholecystitis, the following food intake rules are observed:
- Eat at the same time at least 5 times a day to stimulate the flow of bile.
- Take more than 700 g of food at a time, no more than 3.5 kg per day.
- Drink about 2 liters of liquid per day (including tea with lemon).
- Avoid foods that contain complex carbohydrates.
- Boil or steam food.
- Do not eat too hot foods.
For cholelithiasis
Diet 5p is a variation of table No. 5 and is recommended for diseases of the gallbladder and pancreas.
Diet features:
- do not overeat or starve, eat according to the clock;
- do not use spices and seasonings when cooking;
- limit consumption of simple fats;
- include permitted fruits and vegetables in the main diet;
- Avoid fried foods completely.
After gallbladder removal
If the gallbladder is removed, you must adhere to the 5a diet, the features of which are:
- reducing to a minimum the amount of fat consumed;
- chopping prepared foods (cutting them into small cubes, grating them or grinding them in a blender);
- excluding mushrooms, fatty fish and meat, legumes from the diet;
- a ban on ready-made store-bought sauces (mayonnaise, ketchup, mustard, horseradish, adjika);
- eating boiled vegetables.
Dish recipes
In the 5p diet for pancreatitis, recipes can be very varied. Most often, patients try to use fish and various purees, but it is not always possible to make the dishes tasty. Below are two healthy and tasty recipes from the 5p diet:
- Stewed fish with vegetables is perfect for lunch or dinner. Fish and vegetables cook quickly; no culinary skills are required. The main list of ingredients includes only fish fillets and vegetables, which are more popular and allowed for illness. Cooking process:
- The fish must be washed under running water and cut into pieces;
- Cut vegetables, it is recommended to use zucchini, carrots, cauliflower;
- Add 1 tbsp to the saucepan. l. vegetable oil to heat. After a few minutes, the fish is placed and a little water is added;
- Add the carrots and simmer for a quarter of an hour, stirring constantly;
- After 15 minutes, the remaining vegetables are added. If desired, the list can be supplemented, and fish can be changed for variety if the dish is used several days a week;
- All ingredients should simmer under the lid for another 15 minutes. If necessary, you can add water during cooking.
Before serving, the finished dish is sprinkled with dill to add flavor.
- Pumpkin puree - can be used in dietary meals as a main dish, as well as as a dessert. If you add cauliflower to the composition, you will get an excellent puree soup. Cooking process:
- The pumpkin is peeled and cut into cubes, placed in a pan;
- Add water and cook for 25 minutes. After cooking, use water to dilute the dish or prepare soup from the broth;
- After cooking, grind the prepared product using a blender to make a puree. If the dish is thick, add a little broth.
For dessert, add some berries and honey. When serving the dish, a little salt and dill are added as the main side dish.
Table of foods for pancreatitis
The diet contains clear instructions about what you can and cannot eat. It is necessary to strictly adhere to the table of permitted and prohibited products, without allowing any concessions.
Authorized Products
The table of recommended foods and dishes for exacerbation and chronic form of pancreatitis is as follows:
| Beverages | Tea, rosehip decoction, dried fruit compote, fruit drink, jelly, juice diluted with water |
| Soup | Shchi, borscht, milk, with cereals |
| Cereal products | Buckwheat, pearl barley, millet, oatmeal, muesli, rolled oats, boiled rice with small pieces of dried fruit |
| Meat and fish | Rabbit, lean pork, beef, chicken, turkey, hake, pollock, cod, salmon, pike perch, seafood (oysters, mussels, squid) |
| Bakery products | Bran, wheat bread, crackers, unsweetened dry biscuits |
| Dairy | Low-fat sour cream, curdled milk, yogurt |
| Vegetables | Potatoes, seaweed, tomatoes, green beans, beets, carrots, pumpkin, zucchini |
| Fruits | Prunes, watermelon, apples |
| Oil | Creamy (no more than 15 g per day), vegetable (up to 20 g per day) |
| Eggs | Quail - 2 pcs., chicken - 1 half yolk per day |
| Snacks and salads | Low-fat lightly salted herring, zucchini game, salads of boiled vegetables, fruit salads, sauerkraut |
| Sauces and seasonings | Salt (limited), dill, parsley, vanillin, cinnamon |
| Sweets | Gingerbread, jam, marmalade, nougat, jam, lollipops, caramel without filler |
Fully or partially limited products
The table lists dishes and products that are prohibited in case of pancreatic dysfunction:
| Beverages | Sparkling water and lemonade, green tea, chicory, coffee, cocoa, alcohol (categorically) |
| Soup | Ukha, mushroom, pea, bean soup, sorrel or spinach cabbage soup, okroshka |
| Cereals | Lentils |
| Meat and fish | Liver products, smoked meats, fatty fish and meat, crab sticks |
| Bakery products and pastries | Pies, buns, donuts, pastries, cakes, pancakes, fresh bread |
| Dairy products | Full-fat sour cream, cottage cheese, fermented baked milk, kefir, cream, cheese |
| Vegetables | Onions, garlic, bell peppers, mushrooms, any greens (except dill and parsley), cucumbers, radishes, eggplants, corn |
| Fruits | Orange, grapefruit, ginger, as well as sunflower and pumpkin seeds |
| Eggs | Fried |
| Fat and oil | Unrefined butter, ghee |
| Snacks | Cold meats, olives, olives, pickled vegetables |
Some foods can only be eaten in small quantities and no more than 2 times a week. These include boiled sausages, bananas, pomegranates, candied fruits, nuts, and soy sauce.
Banned foods
Diet No. 5p has many restrictions on food. Foods that are prohibited to eat when treating pancreatitis are the following:
- fatty meat and fish broths;
- any alcohol, as well as strong tea and coffee;
- cold, hot and carbonated drinks;
- smoked products, sausages and frankfurters;
- freshly baked and rye bread;
- fish caviar;
- radishes, turnips, radishes, sorrel and spinach;
- fermented milk products, including yogurt;
- flour products;
- sour and spicy dishes;
- mushrooms in any form;
- salted and pickled dishes;
- dairy products with a lot of fat;
- canned food;
- sweets;
- citrus;
- grape juice;
- fast food, chips, nuts and crackers.
Despite the prohibitions of many foods, diet No. 5p (table) is very effective in the treatment of pancreatitis. What you can and cannot eat - this was discussed above, and then we will talk about the menu for the treatment of pancreatitis.
Menu for a week for a diet for pancreatitis
The weekly menu is compiled by the patient independently, taking into account the severity of the disease. Dishes must be prepared only from approved products. Some people have difficulty creating a menu, so nutritionists recommend using a sample menu and then adjusting it based on your own preferences.
| Day of the week | Breakfast | 2nd breakfast | Dinner | Afternoon snack | Dinner | 2nd dinner |
| Monday | Oatmeal with water, bread with butter, tea with lemon | Baked apple | Rice soup with egg, steamed fish cutlets, mashed potatoes, fresh berry compote | Yogurt, dry biscuits | Cottage cheese casserole, rosehip decoction | Fruit jelly |
| Tuesday | Semolina porridge with water (use jam instead of sugar), tea | Fresh pear | Cabbage soup, steamed chicken cutlets, boiled pasta | Omelette | Rice casserole with minced meat | Low-fat kefir |
| Wednesday | Cottage cheese casserole with raisins, tea with lemon | Mandarin | Buckwheat soup, boiled beef with sour cream sauce, boiled carrot salad | Semolina porridge with jam | Roast beef or lean pork | Fruit juice or fruit jelly |
| Thursday | Steamed omelette, boiled beet salad, tea | Banana | Borsch, pumpkin casserole with minced chicken | Raw carrot salad dressed with low-fat sour cream | Vinaigrette, baked chicken fillet | Rose hip decoction |
| Friday | Cottage cheese pancakes with sour cream, tea | Baked apple | Pearl barley soup, fish cutlets, buckwheat porridge | Yogurt, diluted carrot juice | Fish baked with vegetables and sour cream, dried fruit compote | Kefir |
| Saturday | Millet porridge on water, tea | Watermelon | Pasta soup, beef meatballs with egg and sour cream sauce | Low-fat cottage cheese | Lazy cabbage rolls without adding tomato paste, fruit drink | Kissel |
| Sunday | Rolled oats porridge, a slice of stale bread with jam, tea | Banana | Shchi, steamed chicken or beef cutlets | Dumplings with cherries | Vegetable stew, boiled chicken fillet | Kefir |
Having drawn up an approximate menu for the week, you must familiarize your attending physician with its contents, who can make adjustments taking into account the complexity of the disease.
How long should you eat diet 5?
You need to start eating according to diet No. 5 gradually. If within 5 days the body normally accepts the dishes provided for in the therapeutic diet, then the course is automatically extended for the period necessary for complete recovery.
Diseases of the pancreas and gall bladder are characterized by long periods of treatment, and during this time it is necessary to follow the recommended diet (about 1.5-2 years). People who have had their gallbladder removed will have to permanently give up foods prohibited by the diet.
Advice from nutritionists
It is impossible to cope with pancreatitis and other diseases of the thyroid gland or gallbladder with medications alone. Along with therapeutic measures, it is necessary to follow a diet. Taking into account all the recommendations of doctors, even the most advanced stages of the disease in adults go away within 1.5-2 years.
If any dish on the menu proposed by the nutritionist is negatively perceived by the body, you should immediately inform the doctor, who will adjust the diet taking into account the individual characteristics of the patient.
About the article
Name
Diet Table 5 for pancreatitis and cholecystitis
Announcement
It is impossible to cope with pancreatitis and other diseases of the thyroid gland or gallbladder with medications alone. Along with therapeutic measures, it is necessary to follow a diet.
Author
Artem Anoshkin
Website
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