Proper diet for prediabetes, sample menu, what you can and cannot eat?

Prediabetes is a warning sign that you are at risk of developing type 2 diabetes. This means your blood sugar levels are higher than they should be. Most people with type 2 diabetes first had prediabetes. The good news is that lifestyle changes can help you get your blood sugar back to normal and avoid or delay the development of diabetes.

Prediabetes occurs when the body does not respond properly to the hormone insulin and therefore cannot maintain blood glucose (sugar) at normal levels. In this case, the blood sugar level is higher than normal, but not enough to establish a diagnosis of diabetes. If left untreated, the condition can worsen over time and lead to the development of type 2 diabetes and other serious complications, such as heart disease and major blood vessels, stroke, vision impairment, nervous system and kidney disease.

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Diet for prediabetes

The diet consists of healthy dishes that help stabilize blood glucose levels. For prediabetes it is recommended:

• be sure to have breakfast
• eat rationally throughout the day,
• do not use sweets and prohibited snacks for snacking,
• Before going to bed, drink a glass of fermented milk drink with a fat content of no more than 2.5%.

Sample menu that you can use as a basis

List of permitted products

For prediabetes, eat foods that do not cause an increase in blood glucose. This:

• Dietary meat - rabbit, chicken, turkey, veal.
• Low-fat fish, seafood - shrimp, squid, scallop.
• Low fat cottage cheese.
• Vegetables - zucchini, cucumbers, squash, onions. Any type of cabbage is suitable - white cabbage, cauliflower, broccoli, Brussels sprouts, Peking cabbage. Spinach, garden greens, eggplants. Onions and cabbage are consumed in any form, except stewed.
• Unsweetened fruits - apples, grapefruit, orange, kiwi.
• Fresh berries - cranberries, blueberries, blueberries, strawberries.
• Products rich in coarse fibers - cereals, bran.
• Boiled beans.
• Seasonings such as cinnamon and nutmeg are allowed.
• Egg white.
• Cheese.
• Savory baked goods without added sugar.

Glucose tests

To determine a prediabetic condition, the patient should first make an appointment with a doctor, who will listen to all complaints and refer him for a diagnostic test. To determine blood glucose levels, a fingerstick sample of blood is taken from the patient on an empty stomach. Next, you need to take a glucose solution and take the material again after 2 hours. During this time, the body must digest the resulting glucose, the rate of the result obtained should not exceed 5.5 mmol. If the values ​​do not correspond to this figure and exceed 6 mmol, we can assume that the person has pre-diabetic syndrome.

Signs of prediabetes in women and men

Prediabetes is that line when the disease does not yet exist, but the amount of sugar in the blood on an empty stomach slightly exceeds the norm (maximum norm 5.5 mmol/l) and is 5.6 - 6.5. When the level is 7 mmol/l on an empty stomach, diabetes mellitus is diagnosed. Prediabetes is also detected when performing a glucose tolerance test. If glucose tolerance is impaired, they speak of the development of type 2 diabetes.

The main signs that you are developing diabetes.

1. Fatigue for no apparent reason. You haven’t worked much yet, but you already feel physically exhausted. Just a year ago you didn’t feel a similar load.
2. Sudden weight gain. This is typical for type 2 diabetes.
3. Large weight gain during pregnancy, when the need for insulin exceeds the body's ability to produce it.
4. Weight loss in type 1 diabetes. This happens because there is not enough insulin to absorb the nutrients entering the body.
5. Unquenchable thirst (polydipsia) appears due to large loss of water in the urine and increased osmotic pressure of the blood. At the same time, dry mouth remains even after drinking liquid.
6. Increased and insatiable appetite (polyphagia). Patients constantly feel hungry and cannot get enough. This is caused by the cells being unable to absorb glucose from the blood in the absence of insulin. This is the so-called “hunger with plenty.”
7. Frequent excessive urination (polyuria). This is due to an increase in the osmotic pressure of urine due to the glucose it contains (which does not normally exist), and the body tries to get rid of it.
8. Visual impairment. It becomes blurry.
9. Vaginal candidiasis. Thrush, which is practically untreatable for a long time.
10. Sexual weakness, menstrual irregularities.
11. Long-term non-healing wounds and purulent complications, furunculosis. This is due to the fact that energy starvation of the cell leads to increased breakdown of proteins, using them as an energy source. Protein deficiency occurs, and as a result, the immune system suffers, because proteins are needed to produce cells that provide immune protection.
12. Itching and dry skin in certain areas of the body, which is why people turn to dermatologists and gynecologists, but the problem does not go away.
13. Loose and bleeding gums, periodontal disease, tooth loss.
14. Tingling and numbness of the limbs.
15. Low resistance to infections and frequent complications.
16. The skin disease acanthosis nigricans, which is characterized by dark, thickened skin on the neck and armpits, small areas of hyperpigmentation of the skin folds with mild roughening of the skin, in large skin folds. Patients typically complain of an asymptomatic "dirty" appearance of skin folds that does not improve with washing.
17. Blood sugar test. Sometimes there are no visible signs of diabetes mellitus yet, and the disease is discovered by chance during a blood test. Currently, there is also such an indicator of sugar levels as glycosylated hemoglobin. This is hemoglobin bound to glucose. Accordingly, the more glucose in the blood, the higher this indicator. The level of glycated hemoglobin can be used to judge the level of sugar in the blood over the past 3 months.

Source mediinteres.ru

Our readers write

Topic: Conquered diabetes

From: Galina S. ( [email protected] )

To: Administration aboutdiabetes.ru

At the age of 47, I was diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. In a few weeks I gained almost 15 kg. Constant fatigue, drowsiness, feeling of weakness, vision began to fade.

And here is my story

When I turned 55, I was already steadily injecting myself with insulin, everything was very bad... The disease continued to develop, periodic attacks began, the ambulance literally brought me back from the other world. I always thought that this time would be the last...

Everything changed when my daughter gave me an article to read on the Internet. You can’t imagine how grateful I am to her for this. This article helped me completely get rid of diabetes, a supposedly incurable disease. Over the last 2 years I have started to move more; in the spring and summer I go to the dacha every day, grow tomatoes and sell them at the market. My aunts are surprised how I manage to do everything, where so much strength and energy comes from, they still can’t believe that I’m 66 years old.

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Sample menu for the week

Monday:

• The morning begins with buckwheat porridge cooked in water and a cup of unsweetened tea with a slice of whole grain bread.
• For second breakfast they eat fruit, for example an apple.
• For lunch, they serve a serving of vegetable soup with rye bread and wholemeal pasta with a piece of baked fish.
• For an afternoon snack - low-fat cottage cheese and rosehip decoction.
• They dine with zucchini baked with minced meat and vegetables.

Tuesday:

• The morning meal consists of a portion of barley porridge and a mug of unsweetened green tea.
• For lunch they prepare soup in a weak mushroom broth, a piece of boiled meat and buckwheat as a side dish.
• For an afternoon snack, a couple of savory cookies and a mug of rosehip infusion are enough.
• Dinner is cottage cheese casserole and tomato.

Wednesday:

• Breakfast - a glass of unsweetened tea without milk, cheesecakes made from low-fat cottage cheese.
• They snack on rye bread and raw vegetables with olive oil.
• For lunch - a serving of vegetable soup, a piece of boiled turkey and a side dish - steamed vegetables.
• For an afternoon snack - an apple and cottage cheese.
• They dine with steamed fish, vegetables and green tea.

Thursday:

• The morning meal begins with a portion of pearl barley porridge and a glass of tea with bran flour bread.
• For second breakfast, they prepare zucchini pancakes.
• For lunch, cook soup in weak chicken broth, chicken cutlet cooked in the oven, and cabbage salad.
• For an afternoon snack - a portion of boiled cauliflower and a glass of mineral water.
• For dinner - poultry soufflé, fresh vegetables and a glass of green tea.

Friday:

• Breakfast - oatmeal, a slice of whole grain bread, a glass of unsweetened tea.
• For second breakfast - fresh vegetables.
• For lunch they prepare pumpkin puree soup, 2 boiled eggs, fresh cucumber.
• For an afternoon snack - a glass of kefir, cookies for diabetics.
• For dinner - chicken steam pudding, greens and unsweetened tea.

Saturday:

• Saturday morning starts with a light breakfast - vegetable salad, tea with a slice of bread.
• Next, have a snack with shrimp salad and a cup of rosehip infusion.
• For lunch they prepare okroshka, squid in sour cream sauce and a glass of chicory.
• For afternoon snack - cottage cheese.
• Dinner - cauliflower pudding, a portion of buckwheat, a glass of kefir.

Sunday:

• For breakfast, they prepare spinach baked with an egg and a cup of coffee with milk.
• Have a snack with fruit salad with natural low-fat yogurt.
• For lunch - cabbage soup made from fresh cabbage, vegetable puree with a piece of baked fish.
• For afternoon snack - cabbage cutlets.
• Dinner consists of steamed curd pudding with an apple and a cup of green tea.

What foods are allowed for prediabetes?

Nutrition for prediabetes and overweight is similar; the menu consists of light, low-calorie foods. If you are overweight or obese, even with normal blood counts, there is always a risk of developing impaired sensitivity to glucose and prediabetes with subsequent development into diabetes.

Therefore, for all of the above conditions, a similar diet is prescribed, as well as for acute gastritis, pancreatitis, with individual features.

Allowed food products can be found in special tables and graphs, thanks to which you can create a menu for the week in advance, print out this diet and hang it on the refrigerator.

The main pre-diabetic products are:

• Cereals: durum noodles, cookies or crackers without sugar, baked goods with rye flour;
• Low-fat dairy products (milk, sour cream, kefir, butter - 10-20 grams per day, unsalted cheese);
• The meat is also lean, boiled or stewed;
• Fruits and dried fruits only have a low glycemic index, but do not forget about vitamins, which must be taken from fruits in sufficient quantities;
• Cereals: barley, millet, oatmeal, buckwheat, especially green;
• Rarely and on the recommendation of a doctor - semolina porridge, rice;
• Lean fish, not canned;
• All vegetables except potatoes without limitation.

To reduce body weight and for prediabetes, dietary products must not only be consumed in reasonable quantities, but also prepared in the correct way.

Detailed daily meal schedule

Clinical picture

The following signs of prediabetes may be precursors to diabetes mellitus:

• Increased thirst, dry mucous membranes. An increase in blood glucose leads to blood thickening. And the body’s attempts to dilute it lead to the development of thirst.
• Increased diuresis - as a result of increased fluid consumption.
• Weight gain due to improper carbohydrate metabolism.
• Dizziness, fever after eating due to a sharp increase in glucose.
• Blood thickening causes the formation of plaques in the vessels, their narrowing, which causes constant headaches, vision problems, and itchy skin.
• Sleep disturbance due to metabolic failure or hormonal imbalance.
• Slow healing of wounds, the appearance of furunculosis.

Prediabetes, in fact, is not a disease, but a precursor to it. More often it occurs hidden, the manifestations of the pathology are not critical for the general condition of the patient. Therefore, visits to a doctor at the pre-diabetic stage are usually ignored.

Symptoms of the condition

High glucose levels are one of the indicators of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. If you do a blood test several times in a row at intervals of a day, and it shows the presence of hyperglycemia in all periods, you can assume diabetes mellitus.

Glucose table:

There are other signs of the disease. For example, a strong thirst that is practically not quenched. A person drinks a lot, five or even ten liters a day. This happens because the blood thickens when too much sugar accumulates in it.

A certain area in the brain called the hypothalamus becomes active and begins to make a person feel thirsty. Thus, a person begins to drink a lot if his glucose level is high. As a result of increased fluid consumption, frequent urination occurs - the person is actually “tied” to the toilet.

Since diabetes interferes with the absorption of glucose into tissues, fatigue and weakness appear. A person feels that he is literally exhausted, sometimes it is difficult for him to even move.

In addition, men experience erectile dysfunction, which negatively affects the sexual sphere of the patient’s life. In women, the disease sometimes causes cosmetic defects - pigment spots on the skin of the face, hands, hair and nails become fragile and brittle.

One of the clearest external signs of prediabetes is excess weight, especially in combination with old age.

Over the years, metabolism slows down, and then excess fat prevents glucose from entering the cells - the presence of these factors significantly increases the risk of developing the disease. Also, the pancreas of older people begins to produce less insulin with age.

With type 2 disease, weight gain often occurs. The fact is that with this type of diabetes there is a high content of glucose and, at the same time, insulin in the blood. The body strives to transfer all excess into adipose tissue, as it is the most convenient for storage. Because of this, a person begins to gain weight very quickly.

Another symptom is a feeling of numbness in the limbs, tingling. This is especially felt in the hands and fingertips. When normal blood microcirculation is disrupted due to an increase in glucose concentration, this causes a deterioration in the nutrition of nerve endings. Because of this, a person experiences various unusual sensations in the form of tingling or numbness.

And finally, skin itching, which is also one of the symptoms of diabetic disease. This may make you wonder how glucose levels can affect your skin? Everything is very simple. With hyperglycemia, blood circulation worsens, which causes a decline in immunity. Therefore, in diabetics, a fungal infection on the skin very often begins to multiply, which gives a feeling of itching.

The final diagnosis must be made by an endocrinologist, based not on one, but on several examinations. The specialist will determine whether it is diabetes or not, decide how to treat it, and which medications will be most effective in each individual case.

To prevent diabetes from becoming an unpleasant surprise, it is necessary to monitor your blood sugar levels; this can easily be done in a clinic or at home using a glucometer.

Prohibited and Restricted Products

Many diabetics believe that with restrictions and prohibitions, food will be meager, but in reality this is not the case. There is a large list of foods that are acceptable to eat. The downside is that there are too few approved foods that can be consumed as a snack.

It is forbidden to eat foods rich in quickly digestible carbohydrates - granulated sugar and baked goods made from white flour, any sweets - honey, jam, ice cream, candy. Pasta, pumpkin and zucchini are not allowed.

All alcoholic drinks are prohibited. Alcohol in some cases can lead to a sharp hypoglycemic state, which is fraught with a diabetic coma, and in other situations it provokes a rise in sugar.

The following provisions are consumed in limited quantities:

1. Fatty dairy products (for example, cottage cheese), salty and hard cheeses, butter.
2. Fatty meat products (duck and all dishes made from it).
3. Semolina and white rice.
4. Smoked and salted fish.

Diet options for prediabetes

A diet for prediabetes can have 2 options:

1. Diet No. 8. This diet is suitable for people with severe obesity. It involves reducing the amount of salt. During the day you can eat no more than 4 g of this product. You should also control the amount of liquid. Its volume should not exceed 1.5 liters. The total calorie content of the menu should be no more than 1600 kcal per day. At the same time, it is worth reducing the amount of animal fats and carbohydrates. The menu should be dominated by dishes that contain a lot of phosphorus, vitamin C, iron, and calcium.
2. Diet No. 9. This diet is suitable for people of normal weight. With such a diet, excess carbohydrates, baked goods, and canned food should be excluded. It is also worth giving up large amounts of animal fats. The total calorie content of the daily diet should not be more than 2400 kcal.

When preparing food from the permitted food lists, it is worth calculating the amount of vitamins and microelements. It is also recommended to take into account the caloric content of the diet. To achieve good results, you should follow the daily norm.

Authorized and Unauthorized Products

You can eat

List of foods that are healthy and without which no diet can do:

• baked goods with rye or wheat flour, any cookies, gingerbread without sugar, vermicelli/paste made from durum wheat;
• oatmeal, barley, buckwheat or barley;
• among vegetables - potatoes, beets and carrots in limited quantities, the rest - without restrictions; It’s healthier to eat cabbage, nightshades and pumpkin.
• lean meat, especially chicken and turkey, and offal - boiled liver;
• cod, hake, pollock, river fish;
• any fruits with a minimum amount of sugar, as well as dried fruits - dried apricots or prunes;
• milk, low-fat fermented milk drinks, unsalted and unsmoked cheese, less often - sour cream;
• sauces - exclusively homemade, unlimited, and once a week - mustard, pepper or horseradish;
• herbal teas, rosehip decoctions, vegetable juices, mineral water, compotes;
• egg white, vegetable oil, jelly, mousses.

What foods should you not eat if you have prediabetes?

The following list will help you study in detail prohibited foods when creating a diet:

Patients will have to give up smoked fish.

• baked goods made from puff pastry and butter dough, pasta made from soft wheat varieties;
• white rice, semolina;
• salted or pickled vegetables, canned food;
• fatty meat - goose or duck, pork, as well as smoked and salted sausages;
• fatty, salted or smoked fish, caviar;
• fruits high in sugar - grapes and bananas, and dried fruits - dates, raisins;
• fatty fermented milk products, salted cheeses, cream;
• any store-bought sauces;
• sweet tea, soda, alcohol;
• lard, margarine and butter.

Nutrition rules

If there is a threat of diabetes, you must adhere to certain rules.
Since glucose cannot be absorbed without sufficient water and insulin, it is necessary to provide the patient with an adequate drinking regimen and maintain fluid balance. For this purpose, doctors recommend drinking a cup of non-carbonated drinking water before each meal, as well as in the morning on an empty stomach. Drinks such as coffee, tea, sweet soda, and alcohol are not able to satisfy this need of the body.

If you do not build your diet on the principles of a healthy diet, then all other preventive measures will not be effective.

In the treatment of prediabetic conditions, a decisive role is played by the diet, which is prepared by the doctor taking into account the patient’s food preferences, complications of the disease and concomitant pathologies. The severity of diabetes, the patient’s occupation and profession, and his rhythm of life are also taken into account.

To maintain a constant acceptable level of sugar, you need to divide the entire daily amount of food into approximately equal portions, so that an equal amount of carbohydrates enters the body with each meal.

You need to eat in small portions so as not to create unnecessary stress on the pancreas, about 5-6 times a day.

Authorized Products

The main way to improve your health for prediabetes is not drug therapy, but a properly selected diet with a low content of carbohydrates and fats. To better navigate when creating a menu for the week , you need to carefully study the list of products recommended for consumption during a pre-diabetic state.

So, let's list in detail all the permitted products:

• okroshka;
• vegetable broth soups;
• coarsely ground rye or wheat bread;
• dark flour pasta;
• lean meat (poultry, rabbit, veal);
• poultry or doctor's sausage;
• boiled tongue;
• low-fat fish (hake, pollock), if canned - without oil, in tomato sauce;
• milk, cottage cheese and other low-fat fermented milk products;
• cereal porridges from buckwheat, oatmeal, eggs, pearl barley;
• rice, millet - in small quantities;
• vegetables;
• all types of cabbage;
• lettuce and other greens;
• carrots and beets - in limited quantities;
• legumes;
• fresh and baked fruits;
• fruit jelly, puree, jelly without sugar;
• nuts;
• teas, unsweetened compotes;
• vegetable juices;
• low-concentrated fruit juices;
• vegetable oil (unrefined);
• mineral and drinking water (still).

Meat and fish need to be cooked by steaming or boiling, or you can bake them.
Potatoes can be eaten in small quantities, and only boiled or baked. Consumption of low-fat sour cream is allowed once a week. Weak meat and mushroom broths and dishes prepared on their basis can be included in the weekly menu several times. Nutritional rules for diabetes in the video from Dr. Malysheva:

What should you absolutely refuse?

Now you need to familiarize yourself in detail with those foods that should be avoided in a pre-diabetic state:

• baked goods made from yeast or puff pastry;
• white flour pasta;
• strong broths (meat, mushroom);
• fatty meat (pork, lamb, duck);
• smoked meat products;
• fatty fish;
• canned meat and vegetables;
• smoked, salted and dried fish;
• caviar;
• dairy products with a high concentration of fat;
• hard cheeses;
• semolina;
• instant porridge;
• grapes, dates, bananas in any form;
• store-bought sauces and hot seasonings;
• margarine;
• lard, lard;
• sweet soda;
• store-bought and homemade sweets;
• fruit juices, especially grape and banana juices.

In order to create comfortable conditions for the functioning of the pancreas, it is necessary to introduce split meals up to six times a day.

The portion in this case should not exceed 200 grams. It is better to eat cereal dishes in the morning, fruits before lunch, and leave proteins for lunch or dinner.

You need to remove all dishes with fast carbohydrates from the daily menu. These include flour confectionery and other sweets, fast food, natural products - honey, sweet fruits, some types of dried fruits.

Instead of sugar, it is better to use low-calorie substitutes; replace too sweet fruits with more sour varieties.

Rules for healthy eating for prediabetes

The condition of prediabetes is correctable, but for this you should visit the office of an endocrinologist, who will prescribe the optimal diet, and seriously reconsider the products of your daily diet. The rules of healthy nutrition will help the body cope with its functions and improve well-being:

Select products strictly according to the glycemic index table. It is advisable to use products with low and medium performance

You should also pay attention to the number of calories and bread units. Completely avoid quickly digestible carbohydrates: flour products, sweets, as well as any foods whose GI is above 50. Completely eliminate the consumption of processed foods, store-bought food and food in fast food restaurants. Fatty varieties of fish and meat, fermented milk products and butter are limited. Chemical sweeteners (aspartame, saccharin, cyclamate, etc.) deserve special attention, which, if abused, can cause no less harm in diabetes than sugar. The optimal solution would be natural sweeteners, such as honey. You need to eat up to 6 times a day, without overeating, and drink up to 2 liters of water a day. The method of preparing dishes is limited to boiling, baking

Sometimes you can simmer with a minimum amount of oil.

Recommended types of diets if you have prediabetes

Dietary table No. 8 helps get rid of obesity as the main cause of prediabetes.

The diet for prediabetes is selected by the attending physician, usually this is therapeutic diet number 8 and 9. Diet number 8 is prescribed to prediabetics who are overweight or at a high stage of obesity. Excess weight itself is one of the causes of type 2 diabetes, so the diet will help you become slimmer and improve the functioning of your internal organs. Diet No. 9 is prescribed to people who do not suffer from a similar problem, but have been diagnosed with prediabetes.

Can prediabetes be cured?

Prediabetes is treatable, and moreover, it can be completely cured. It is possible to stop further progression of diabetes, but only if this condition was diagnosed in time and appropriate measures were taken.

Types of treatment for prediabetes

There are only two ways to bring a person out of a pre-diabetic state: diet and drug treatment.

Vizox is a natural remedy based on native plant extracts. More details

Dietary method with a specially designed set of physical exercises

Everything is very simple and painfully banal. If a person led an unhealthy lifestyle, abused sweets, poisoned himself with nicotine and alcoholic beverages, then in the end he could gain excess weight, disrupt the normal functioning of all metabolic processes, which undermined not only the immune system, but also triggered a mechanism of self-destruction. He didn’t want to come to his senses in time, and none other than prediabetes came to the rescue.

In this case, this comrade is even useful, because he will force a person not only to think, but also to act. On the security of one’s own health and life, a person is offered two options:

1. Put a bold cross on everything and...

continue your business. In the future, you will become acquainted with diabetes, which will greatly shake the “stool” of health on which you stand with a noose around your neck in the form of complications of diabetes. It is from them that the vast majority of diabetics die. The result is deplorable, isn't it?

2. Pull yourself together

To refuse from bad habits. Start eating right and exercising. In this way, you will completely normalize the functioning of all internal organs, cleanse your body of waste and toxins, lose weight, and become younger, because the process of cell regeneration will not only return to normal, but will also accelerate. Forget about diabetes and its complications. But such prevention of prediabetes will need to be followed throughout your life.

What is the diet for prediabetes?

The advice your doctor will give you will be more general. We suggest that you pay attention first of all to the following:

The GI table will allow you to independently create a diet based on healthier foods, and information about carbohydrates will allow you to better understand the issues of diabetic nutrition.

However, any potential diabetic should remember a number of principles that will be useful to any person who cares about their health.

Do you still think that diabetes cannot be cured?

Judging by the fact that you are reading these lines now, victory in the fight against high blood sugar is not yet on your side...

Have you already thought about inpatient treatment? This is understandable, because diabetes is a very dangerous disease that, if not treated promptly, can be fatal. Constant thirst, frequent urination, blurred vision... All these symptoms are familiar to you firsthand.

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EtoDiabet.ru » Blood sugar

Causes and risk factors of prediabetes

The bodies of people with prediabetes do not process glucose properly, causing sugar to build up in the blood instead of nourishing the cells that make up muscles and other tissues. Most of the glucose in your body comes from the foods you eat, especially sugary foods and simple carbohydrates. During digestion, sugar from these foods enters your bloodstream. Then, with the help of insulin, sugar enters the body's cells, where it is used as a source of energy.

The hormone insulin is responsible for reducing the amount of sugar in the blood. As blood sugar levels drop, insulin secretion from the pancreas decreases. In people with prediabetes, this process does not work properly. Sugar is not used to fuel your cells. Instead, it builds up in your bloodstream because your pancreas doesn't produce enough insulin or your cells become resistant to the effects of insulin.

Researchers have found that there are a number of factors that can increase your risk of developing prediabetes. Here are the risk factors for developing prediabetes:

• Age . The risk of developing prediabetes increases with age. If you are over 45 years old, you are at greater risk. This may be due to lack of exercise or weight gain in old age.
• Floor . Women develop diabetes mellitus 50% more often than men.
• Fasting glucose . A fasting glucose level of 5.55 to 6.9 mmol/L (100 to 125 mg/dL) is characterized as prediabetes.
• Systolic blood pressure . High blood pressure is a risk factor for developing prediabetes.
• HDL cholesterol . If your HDL cholesterol level is below 35 mg/dL or your triglyceride level is above 250 mg/dL, you may be at increased risk of developing prediabetes.
• Body mass . If you are overweight and have a body mass index above 25, you are at increased risk of developing prediabetes. The more fat tissue you have, especially around your waist and abdomen, the more resistant your cells are to insulin.
• Physical activity . If you are physically inactive, you increase your risk of developing prediabetes. Exercise helps you control your weight and ensures that your body uses glucose for energy, which makes your cells more sensitive to insulin.
• History of diabetes in parents or siblings . If you have a first-degree relative, such as your parents or siblings, who has diabetes, you are at increased risk of developing diabetes.
• Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) . Polycystic ovary syndrome is a condition characterized by irregular menstrual periods, excess hair growth and obesity. Research has shown that polycystic ovary syndrome was associated with twice the likelihood of developing diabetes.
• Gestational diabetes mellitus during pregnancy . Risk factors for developing prediabetes include a history of gestational diabetes or having a baby weighing more than 4 kg. Researchers suggest that a previous diagnosis of gestational diabetes carries a lifetime risk of progression to type 2 diabetes of up to 60%.
• Dream . Research has linked sleep problems such as sleep apnea to an increased risk of insulin resistance. In fact, one study found that up to 83% of patients with type 2 diabetes suffer from unrecognized sleep apnea, and increasing severity of sleep apnea is associated with worsening glucose control. People who wake up many times during the night or work shifts or night shifts are at increased risk of developing prediabetes.

Nutrition system for type 1 diabetes

The principles of nutrition will depend on the type of disease and the general condition of the patient. A diet for the initial stage of diabetes will help to gently correct the condition and normalize sugar. By constantly adhering to the regime, the patient will be able to normalize metabolic processes and remove such unpleasant manifestations of the disease as increased thirst and fatigue.

In more severe cases of the disease, when the patient is diagnosed with insulin-dependent diabetes, treatment will be based on drug therapy. But even in this case, you should not forget about the diet. Treatment, nutrition and regimen are the main methods of combating sudden surges in sugar. A properly selected diet will enhance the effectiveness of insulin therapy, which will reduce the risk of developing various pathologies. The main thing that a patient with such a diagnosis should remember is that the treatment regimen and diet should be prescribed by the doctor.

A specially designed system will help you adhere to the prescribed diet, with the help of which you can easily control the amount of carbohydrates consumed. This is a system of bread units (XE), where each such unit is equivalent to 10-12 g of carbohydrates. Depending on the diet, a certain amount of XE is allocated for each meal, without listing specific products.

In case of insulin dependence, the main thing to remember is:

• You should not consume more than 7-8 XE (70-80 g of carbohydrates) at one time;
• Before each meal, calculate the dose and do not skip insulin injections;
• exclude sweet drinks: soda, lemonade, juices;
• try to adhere to the principles of a healthy diet (use recipes for dishes low in carbohydrates and fats).

By following the recommendations, the patient will be able to live a normal, full life.

What is prediabetes?

Prediabetes is a condition defined as having blood glucose levels above normal but below a certain threshold at which a person is considered to have diabetes.
It is considered to be a condition in which the risk of developing diabetes is very high. Without intervention, people with prediabetes can become type 2 diabetics within 10 years. A person with prediabetes may already be experiencing the gradual damage to their heart and circulatory system that is commonly associated with diabetes. There are several ways to diagnose prediabetes. The A1C test measures your average blood glucose levels over the past two to three months. Diabetes mellitus is diagnosed when the A1C level is greater than or equal to 6.5%; To diagnose prediabetes, A1C should be between 5.7% and 6.4%.

Fasting plasma glucose is a test that checks your fasting blood glucose level (if you have not eaten or drunk for at least 8 hours). Diabetes mellitus is diagnosed when fasting blood glucose levels are greater than or equal to 7 mmol/L (126 mg/dL); for prediabetes, fasting glucose is 5.55 to 6.9 mmol/L (100 to 125 mg/dL).

An oral glucose tolerance test is a two-hour test that checks your blood glucose levels before and two hours after you drink a certain sugary drink. It explains how your body processes glucose. Diabetes mellitus in this test is diagnosed when the blood glucose level is greater than or equal to 11 mmol/L (200 mg/dL); for prediabetes, blood glucose levels are 7.8 to 10.9 mmol/L (140 to 199 mg/dL).

Prediabetes is a diagnosis that explains that a person has higher than normal blood glucose levels and may develop diabetes mellitus, as well as an increased risk of developing chronic kidney disease and heart disease. When people realize they have prediabetes, they are more likely to make lifestyle changes that can reduce their risk of developing type 2 diabetes, so noticing the symptoms of prediabetes is essential.

The rationale for treating prediabetes is to prevent the development of diabetes, prevent the consequences of diabetes, and prevent the consequences of prediabetes itself. Several research studies have shown the success of interventions designed to treat prediabetes with sustained reductions in diabetes incidence.

Description of the pathology

What is prediabetes, what are its symptoms and how to avoid such a diagnosis? When the human body is unable to maintain normal blood glucose levels, doctors begin to talk about prediabetes. At the same time, the human pancreas produces less insulin, which entails an increased level of glucose (sugar) in the blood. The prediabetic state is characterized by an elevated sugar level, but it is not so high as to warrant a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus.

People with prediabetes are at risk for developing type 2 diabetes. This condition is treatable, so do not panic. However, if you do not pay due attention to this and do not start treatment on time, over time your health condition may deteriorate significantly, and the disease will take an irreversible course.

Diabetes risk group:

1. Women who have suffered from “pregnant diabetes” or the birth of a baby whose weight is more than 4 kg. In this case, the development of the disease occurs in the later stages of life.
2. Women diagnosed with polycystic ovary syndrome.
3. Age over 45 years and overweight.
4. The BMI (body mass index) is 25 or more, in combination with age up to 45 years.
5. High blood pressure, from 140 to 90 mmHg, can be a signal of prediabetes.
6. Heredity. If relatives have previously been diagnosed with diabetes, then this disease is likely to be inherited.
7. Representatives of some races, for example, Hispanic and African Americans, Asians, suffer from diabetes much more often than Europeans.

Prediabetic condition - what is it?

Prediabetes is a high risk of developing diabetes mellitus. Can this condition be considered the initial stage of the disease?

It is very difficult to draw a clear line here. People with prediabetes may already develop damage to the tissues of the kidneys, heart, blood vessels, and organs of vision.

Scientific research shows that chronic complications begin to develop already at the prediabetic stage. When diabetes is diagnosed, organ damage is already present and cannot be prevented. Therefore, timely recognition of this condition is necessary.

Prediabetes is an intermediate condition in which the pancreas produces insulin, but in smaller quantities, or insulin is produced in normal quantities, but tissue cells are not able to absorb it.

People in this position are especially at risk of developing type 2 diabetes. However, this condition can be corrected. By changing your lifestyle and eradicating unhealthy habits, you can regain lost health and avoid more serious pathologies.

Treatment methods

To stop the development of diabetes in the initial stages, it is necessary to normalize the work and rest schedule. Both a lack of sleep and its excess are harmful to the body. Physical overexertion and constant stress at work can become an impetus for the development of serious pathologies, including diabetes. At the stage of prediabetes, folk remedies and various non-traditional methods of treatment will be effective.

Diet

It is necessary to maintain a healthy diet. Cancel trips to the sausage department, forget about all types of baked goods, eat wholemeal flour products with added bran instead of white bread, eat not white rice and pasta, but brown varieties of rice and whole grain porridge. It is advisable to switch from red meat (lamb, pork) to turkey and chicken, and eat more fish.

The main thing is to ensure that there are enough fruits and vegetables in your diet. You need to eat half a kilogram of both each day. Most heart and other diseases occur due to the fact that we eat too little greens and fresh fruits.

You should not only reconsider your diet, but also get rid of bad habits. Sometimes it is enough to quit smoking or reduce the consumption of alcoholic beverages to prevent the onset of diabetes.

It is necessary to reduce the amount of sweets in your daily menu or eliminate them completely. Their excess consumption can also be a decisive factor in the development of diabetes.

Physical activity

Four hours of brisk walking a week and diabetes will be far behind you. It is necessary to spend at least twenty or forty minutes every day walking, but not at a slow walking pace, but a little faster than usual.

It is advisable to introduce sports into your daily schedule. You can start with morning exercises for 10-15 minutes a day, gradually increasing the intensity of the load. This will help speed up metabolic processes in the body, reduce glucose levels, and reduce the number of extra pounds. By losing weight by 10-15%, you can significantly reduce the risk of diabetes.

Video material about prediabetes and methods of its treatment:

Physical activity may include walking or more serious sports activities. You can choose jogging, playing tennis, basketball, cycling, skiing. In any case, glucose will be consumed as a source of energy, cholesterol levels will decrease, which will serve as an excellent prevention of diabetes and cardiovascular pathologies.

Traditional treatment for prediabetes

Metformin has been used to treat prediabetes and diabetes mellitus for several decades. It is commonly used to control blood sugar levels. Common side effects of metformin include nausea, upset stomach, vomiting, and diarrhea.

Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, such as acarbose and voglibose, prolong the total digestion time of carbohydrates and reduce the rate of glucose absorption. These types of medications are used to help people with type 2 diabetes whose blood sugar levels are highest after eating complex carbohydrates.

Thiazolidinediones have been found to reduce the incidence of diabetes mellitus in patients at risk of developing this disease. However, the medication's risks, which include weight gain, swelling and heart failure, outweigh the benefits in preventing the development of prediabetes and diabetes.

Antiobesity drugs such as Orlistat have been used to treat prediabetes. Orlistat is a gastrointestinal lipase inhibitor used to treat obesity and acts by inhibiting the absorption of dietary fat.

Bariatric surgery is used to limit calorie intake. A 2004 study published in the New England Journal of Medicine found that bariatric surgery resulted in sustained weight loss and a 75% reduction in the relative risk of developing diabetes compared with a control group.

Physical activity

Just like dietary nutrition, physical activity of the patient is an important condition in the treatment of prediabetes. Returning the necessary range of movements and physical activity to a person’s life. Activity will help the patient quickly restore the lost sensitivity of body tissues to the hormone produced by the pancreas - insulin. A normal level of movement involves walking at least 7-8 km daily. You can also replace walking with a set of exercises recommended by your doctor.

Many experts call prediabetes a disease of well-fed humanity; it should be noted that this pathological condition is becoming an increasingly common problem.
An excess of tasty, but at the same time unhealthy food, as well as a lack of physical activity lead to a rather dangerous pre-diabetic state. The only chance to avoid serious consequences is to return to an active lifestyle and a proper, healthy diet. Continuing the topic, read the article: Dialine for diabetes: a highly effective, natural drug

Diet

I would like to draw attention to the fact that effective treatment of a condition such as pre-diabetes is impossible without a strict diet, as well as following certain rules:

• the patient must forever give up unhealthy foods - fast food and foods rich in fast carbohydrates (confectionery, refined sugar, vegetables and fruits with a high glycemic index, packaged juices and carbonated drinks);
• refusal of foods that have undergone industrial processing (refined, canned, etc.), such food contains chemicals, a change in the primary properties of which can have an unpredictable effect on the human body;
• minimal consumption of animal fats, to cover the need it is better to use vegetable fats;
• give preference to dietary meat and offal, fish;
• It is better to choose dairy products for consumption that have low fat content (cottage cheese, natural yogurt);
• during the diet for the treatment of prediabetes, you can eat all cereals - with the exception of semolina;
• It is advisable to consume fiber-rich vegetables daily;
• as drinks it is better to use rosehip decoction, black and green tea, herbal infusions (natural black coffee in limited quantities).

To create a dietary menu, you can contact a specialist or use a ready-made solution - medical diet No. 9.

Treatment

The main methods of alleviating prediabetic conditions are aimed at:

• Getting rid of bad habits;
• Getting rid of excess weight;
• Drawing up and implementing a daily physical exercise program;
• Reducing cholesterol levels in the body;
• If available, to relieve symptoms of diseases that cause diabetes, such as hypertension.

Physical exercise

The load should be intense, but not exhausting.

The training program should include walks - at least an hour a day and intensive outdoor exercise for about half an hour a day or an hour every other day.

Regular exercise is the key to health because it uses sugar to maintain energy.

Depending on the activity, you can change your workouts by increasing or decreasing the duration of any type of activity.

Diet

If you have prediabetes, you should adhere to a healthy diet, which contributes to:

• Weight loss;
• Restoring normal glucose levels in the body;
• Establishing cell nutrition with all types of useful elements.

A good diet will help prevent illness or relieve symptoms. Several recommendations must be followed:

• Eat less foods rich in fats;
• Eat less high-calorie foods;
• Reduce the amount of fatty foods - fried, baked goods and carbohydrate-rich foods;
• Eat less sweets.

Medications

In most cases, the methods described above are used to treat prediabetes, which is quite enough to neutralize all symptoms. Medicines can be used to enhance the effect.

If there is no visible effect of treatment within three months, the doctor may prescribe you to take medication. The main drug is Metmorphine.

It reduces the generation of glucose in the body, which lowers sugar levels.

The drug also helps reduce insulin resistance, which increases the consumption of sugar to feed cells. A nice bonus is the reduction in glucose absorption by the intestines.

Metmorphine cannot be used for a long period of time, since the medicine provokes side effects - pain in the abdomen and allergies to the components of the drug. There is a risk of lactic acidosis if kidney function is impaired. You should also supplement the drug with B vitamins, in particular vitamin 12, to prevent nerve death. Metmorphine does have a beneficial effect in advanced disease.

Symptoms of prediabetes

The main difficulty in timely diagnosis of prediabetic condition is mild symptoms. Minor changes in well-being, indicating the development of the disease, are often attributed by patients to fatigue or symptoms of other diseases. These include:

• severe, poorly quenched thirst, accompanied by a feeling of dry mouth (the symptom intensifies during or after intense physical or mental stress);
• dehydration;
• increased frequent urination (associated with a significant increase in the volume of fluid consumed);
• increased feeling of hunger, including in the evening or at night;
• weight gain or loss;
• pimples or boils on the skin;
• insomnia, other sleep disorders;
• signs of increased blood glucose levels (after eating, a feeling of heat (hot flashes), dizziness, and increased sweating may appear);
• memory impairment;
• decreased concentration;
• a noticeable drop in performance levels;
• dizziness, headaches (a sign of vasoconstriction);
• skin itching (consequence of vascular changes);
• blurred vision;
• hormonal imbalances (signs of prediabetes in young women are often accompanied by menstrual irregularities).

Prediabetes mellitus does not have any specific clinical symptoms; the described signs often indicate the development of type 2 diabetes. In this regard, patients belonging to risk groups (including genetic predisposition), especially after the age of 45 years, need to undergo detailed examinations of blood counts at least once a year, especially with increased body weight.

Abdominal (android) obesity, characterized by the accumulation of fat in the waist area and internal organs, is the main sign of prediabetes. With a waist circumference of more than 94 cm in men and 80 cm in women, we can say that the patient is at risk of developing a prediabetic condition. Another alarming atypical symptom is disruption of the reproductive system caused by hormonal imbalances. In women during menopause, decreased sensitivity to insulin can develop against the background of polycystic ovary syndrome.

Normal test results for blood glucose levels in children under 14 years of age are 3.3-5.5 mmol/l, in adults - 3.89-5.83 mmol/l, in elderly people (after 55-60 years) – up to 6.83 mmol/l. Deviations from these data are an alarming symptom of the development of prediabetes, requiring urgent correction of the diet and changes in a sedentary lifestyle.

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What types of diets are used for prediabetes?

In this situation, diets are selected aimed at reducing body weight and excluding foods containing glucose and carbohydrates, especially fast ones, from the menu. A properly selected diet for prediabetes is your path to a healthy life.

If the amount of sugar increases, diet number 9 is prescribed, which is characterized by minimizing fats, carbohydrates, and eliminating foods with sugar and sweets. It is recommended to eat 4-5 times a day. The consumption of a variety of products is allowed, with the exception of: sugar, honey, jam, confectionery, raisins. You can include a variety of fruits in your diet, except grapes, bananas and persimmons. Try to avoid sweeteners.

Low carbohydrate diet for diabetes

For obese people, diet number 8 is indicated. The calorie content of food is reduced to 1620–1870 kilocalories by reducing carbohydrates and fats, and limiting the consumption of liquid, salt, spices and seasonings. It is necessary to eat foods rich in fiber. Six meals a day are recommended. Dishes are prepared without salt. Without reducing the patient's weight, it is very difficult to fight diabetes.

Diagnosis of prediabetes

If appropriate symptoms are present, a number of simple techniques are used to correlate the patient’s blood parameters with the norm and draw conclusions about the possible development of prediabetes. To ensure the correctness of the data obtained, blood is taken on an empty stomach, 10 hours after the last meal. The day before the examination, the patient is advised to give up smoking and physical activity; his temperature and blood pressure readings should be normal at the time of blood donation. The following studies help identify the development of the disease:

• Glucose tolerance test - determines the rate of penetration of glucose into tissues. Indicators above 7.5 mmol/l may indicate the presence of prediabetes.
• Fasting blood glucose – venous blood is required for examination. Indicators fluctuating between 6 and 7 mmol/l indicate the possible development of the disease.
• Fasting insulin – Fasting concentrations above 13 µIU/ml are evidence of prediabetes.
• Glycated hemoglobin - with prediabetes, the figure ranges between 5.7 and 6.5%.

Complications of the condition

The leading complication, of course, should be considered the acquisition of type 2 diabetes mellitus. No less critical conditions are changes in the degree of blood density, which leads to the formation of plaques, blood clots and much more. This naturally increases the likelihood of developing various cardiac problems, namely heart attacks and strokes.

Damage to other organs and systems, for example, visual functions, kidneys, and nervous system, can be identified. With a prolonged course, there is a deterioration of the immune system and the general physiological resistance of the body, which should be treated as early as possible.

Thus, anyone who is wondering what prediabetes is should understand that it is a dangerous condition that in the future can lead to the formation of type 2 diabetes.

Taking this into account, it is recommended to pay special attention to timely diagnosis - especially for those who are at risk - and not to neglect timely and complete treatment

What is steroid diabetes?

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Causes of prediabetes

It is believed that people who are overweight and who lead a sedentary lifestyle are at increased risk of developing a condition called prediabetes. However, the main reason for the development of the disease is the body’s response to insulin. Maintaining normal glucose levels in this case is not carried out properly.

Carbohydrates in the food a person consumes are converted into sugar in the body. Glucose enters all tissues and cells and is used there as the main source of energy. If they do not respond to the hormone insulin, it becomes increasingly difficult for them to obtain energy from glucose. This condition is called insulin resistance.

People at risk include:

• difference in sugar analysis results;
• overweight;
• over 45 years of age;
• women with polycystic ovary syndrome or a history of gestational diabetes;
• with elevated levels of cholesterol and triglycerides.

Diagnostics

If the first signs appear, the question immediately arises: “What to do?” In this situation, there is no need to panic, because this may mean that a person is prone to the disease, but it has not yet developed and has not progressed to the next stage. Prediabetes, which occurs without symptoms, poses a great danger. This is due to the fact that it can develop into diabetes. Typically this transition occurs over several years.

To diagnose this disease, it is necessary to take several tests, including blood tests. The first blood sample is taken on an empty stomach, after which the glucose level is determined. After this, the person is given water with glucose diluted in it to drink. A repeat study is carried out after a few hours. For diabetes mellitus, the glucose level should be 7 mm/l or higher. If the indicators are slightly elevated, this indicates that the person has poor absorption of sugar, that is, prediabetes.

Also, for diagnosis, you need to take a urine test, which will help determine the level of uric acid and cholesterol.

Often, along with donating blood, you are asked to undergo a test for glycated hemoglobin. This test can indicate the average blood sugar level that a patient has had over the past 2-3 months. It is worth considering that the test result also depends on the state the person was in during the month before the test. If its indicators are too high, this means that type 1 diabetes may develop.

Reasons for development

As mentioned above, prediabetes is a condition characteristic of the initial stage of type 2 diabetes, and its cause is not the excessive intake of glucose in the body, but the overeating itself, which causes an increase in body weight, which is why insulin resistance develops. According to previous studies, the majority of people with prediabetes are among those who eat unhealthy food, replete with trans fats and various chemical additives, which in turn provokes a violation of not only carbohydrate but also fat metabolism. Hereditary factors also play an important role in the development of prediabetes, however, if a person leads an active lifestyle and eats properly, the risk of developing diabetes mellitus is significantly reduced.

Experts identify the following risk factors for the development of prediabetes:

• overweight in people aged 40-45 years;
• sedentary lifestyle;
• presence of health problems: high cholesterol, diseases of the cardiovascular system;
• genetic predisposition;
• presence of bad habits;
• Chronic lack of sleep/excessive sleep.

Sugar substitutes

You can replace sugar with xylitol. In terms of its taste, it is not inferior to natural and does not affect the increase in blood glucose. The only limitation is the daily consumption rate - no more than 35 g. Exceeding the permissible limit can cause gastrointestinal upset in the form of diarrhea.

Another sugar substitute is fructose. It is found in almost all vegetables and fruits, and in bee honey. To avoid high blood sugar levels, fructose should be taken in limited quantities.

Stevia is a good legal natural sugar substitute. The drug Stevioside, made from this plant, tolerates heat well. It is widely used in cooking.

Product selection rules

Organizing a healthy diet begins with assembling a food basket. The selection of products is determined by the following criteria.

Glycemic index (GI)

This value reflects the rate of resorption (absorption) of glucose into the blood after its release from foods processed by the body. A high GI value means that the product is quickly digested, forming glucose, which quickly penetrates the systemic bloodstream. That is, the digital sugar values ​​rise sharply.

When prediabetes is diagnosed, foods with a glycemic index above 70 are eliminated from the diet. Food indexed from 30 to 70 is allowed, but not in full, but in limited quantities. A food set consisting of components with a low GI (from 30 units and below) is recommended for use. There is no need to calculate the index, since nutritionists have developed special tables.

Calorage

The second important parameter is the caloric content of foods. Regardless of the glycemic index, it is necessary to strictly monitor the calorie content of dishes and the size of portions. Since one of the directions of the diet is weight loss, high-calorie foods should be abandoned. In a state of prediabetes, you can adhere to the daily calorie intake recommended for a diabetic (2200–2500 kcal), with a slight adjustment for a person’s energy expenditure.

By comparing GI and calorie content, you can determine foods for your daily diet

Nutrients

An equally important factor in choosing foods for the diet is the percentage of nutrients (fats, carbohydrates, proteins). Each category of nutrients has a different effect on the rate of glucose formation and absorption. Protein fibers are digested by the gastrointestinal tract for a long time, so the process of gluconeogenesis (the release of glucose from protein amino acids) is slow, which does not provoke a large sugar load. The daily protein intake in the menu should be at least 20% of all food consumed.

The carbohydrate component of the diet is also divided according to the rate of absorption of foods, the formation and resorption of glucose into the blood. There are simple carbohydrates, consisting of monosaccharides and polysaccharides, which are instantly absorbed, increasing sugar levels. In contrast, complex carbohydrates or polysaccharides (fiber, starch, pectin) are processed by the body less actively, without causing a forced release of glucose, and at the same time they allow you not to feel hungry for a long time.

People with hyperglycemia (high sugar) are recommended to consume 45% complex carbohydrates of all foods eaten. Animal fats promote rapid absorption of sugar, and also provoke the accumulation of cholesterol deposits on the vascular walls and significant weight gain. To avoid this, you need to replace animal fat with vegetable fat. Thus, the diet for prediabetes consists of low-calorie foods rich in fiber, proteins, and fats of plant origin.

Important! The diet must be properly balanced and not overloaded. In addition to the recommendations listed, you need to take into account the age characteristics of the body, the presence of allergic reactions to foods, and the presence of chronic pathologies of other organs.

Symptoms

Determining prediabetes on your own is not so easy; often this condition does not manifest itself with any pronounced symptoms. Nevertheless, people who are attentive to their health may notice some signs that are characteristic of diabetes mellitus, but in a milder form:

• frequent urge to urinate, which usually causes an unreasonable feeling of thirst;
• chronic fatigue;
• brutal appetite;
• numbness of the limbs;
• blurred vision.

All of these symptoms clearly indicate increased blood sugar, which in turn contributes to thickening and poor circulation. It is for this reason that general health deteriorates. Note that the feeling of thirst in this case appears due to the fact that the body is trying to independently normalize the consistency of the blood due to the intake of additional fluid into the body.

There are also several specific symptoms characteristic of men and women:

• among representatives of the stronger sex, potency decreases;
• women may suffer from thrush that is difficult to treat (explained by the fact that elevated blood sugar levels contribute to the development of pathogens, including fungal infections).

It is important to understand that all of the listed symptoms can be interpreted by a person as natural signs of aging of the body (age-related changes), therefore the main way to early detect prediabetes is regular examination with blood sugar tests.