Phthalazol - instructions for use for children and adults, side effects, reviews and analogues

Few people are immune from infectious intestinal diseases. Modern medicine offers a lot of pharmacological drugs that can solve this problem. Fthalazol anti-diarrhea tablets are especially effective. This sulfonamide antimicrobial drug, developed by Soviet scientists, has been actively used for more than half a century. Over the entire period, its effectiveness and safety, as well as its effect on the human body, have been carefully studied.

Pharmacological properties

The medicine "Fthalazol", which helps the body fight pathogenic microorganisms, is a sulfamide agent with bacteriostatic properties. The drug is active against gram-positive and -negative microbes that cause intestinal infectious diseases. The action of the drug is based on the destruction of the reproduction of folic acid, which promotes the growth of microbes.

The drug also has anti-inflammatory properties, reduces the volume of migrating leukocytes and accelerates the formation of glucocorticosteroids. The active substance is completely absorbed by the body, absorbed through the blood. Its action occurs in the stomach and intestines.

Indications for use

Bacterial infections caused by pathogenic microorganisms:

dysentery (in acute or chronic form with exacerbations);
colitis (inflammatory process in the colon);
gastroenteritis (inflammatory processes in the stomach and small intestine);
diarrhea/diarrhea;
rotavirus infections;
chronic pancreatitis in the acute phase.

Fthalazol is also used for surgical interventions on the intestines, in order to prevent the development of purulent-inflammatory processes.

Something about Phthalazol’s “personal data”

Phthalazole is a drug belonging to the group of sulfonamides. They should not be confused with antibiotics, although drugs from both groups have a similar effect, but in different ways.

It has a very narrowly targeted effect specifically on the destruction of pathogenic microorganisms in the intestinal flora. Because of this property, it has recently been actively replaced by drugs with a wider spectrum of action.

But there are cases when Phthalazole for diarrhea turns out to be indispensable and the most effective, although it has a certain number of contraindications and side effects, it is successfully used in the treatment of acute intestinal disorders of various origins.

The active ingredient of the drug is phthalylsulfathiazole. The number of excipients is quite limited. This:

potato starch;
calcium stearate;
talc.

This is the classic formulation of Phthalazol, however, different manufacturers may have slight deviations in the composition regarding auxiliary components. One thing remains unchanged, the active substance in each tablet is exactly 500 mg.

By the way, the drug is available in only one single pharmacological form - white or yellowish tablets, with a central score. They are packaged in standard packs of 10 or 20 pieces.

The essence and composition of phthalazole

What is this medicine in essence?

Phthalazole is an anti-inflammatory antibacterial agent from the sulfonamide group, aimed at eliminating harmful microorganisms that cause acute pain and deformation in the intestinal tissues, interfering with its normal functioning. The attack of mass bactericidal intervention in the body is fraught with its harmful consequences, therefore, counteracting it is a necessary condition for the restoration of normal health. Fortunately, phthalazole has such an effect in full.

What components included in the described drug help eliminate intestinal inflammation? The main role in its content is played by phthalylsulfathiazole - the most active component, which has an uncompromising destructive effect on pathogens. As it enters the intestines, it begins to disintegrate, releasing sulfathiazole particles, which, in turn, contribute to the absorption and breakdown of bacteria, regardless of whether they are gram-positive or gram-negative.

In addition to the main substance, phthalazole also contains auxiliary substances, which include:

potato starch content;
the presence of calcium stearate (food emulsifier);
presence of talc substance.

The main part of the work is, of course, carried out by the active component, and the auxiliary ones serve for the most part to give the product a tablet form, because most often the production of phthalazole is carried out in the form of tablets (ten pieces per petal). Less often it is just powder.

Analogues of Fthalazol, list

Bactrim;
Berlocid;
Biseptol;
Brifeseptol;
Dvaseptol;
Co-trimoxazole;
Neonutrin;
Pentasa;
Prednisolone;
Retinol;
Salosinal;
Salofalk;
Triamcinolone;
Urbazon;
Fortecortin;
Fortecortin Mono;
Metosulfabol;
Oriprim;
Sinersul;
Sulotrim;
Sulgin;
Phtazin;
Furazolidone.

Important - instructions for use of Fthalazol, price and reviews do not apply to analogues and cannot be used as a guide to the use of drugs of similar composition or action. All therapeutic prescriptions must be made by a doctor. When replacing Fthalazol with an analogue, it is important to consult a specialist; you may need to change the course of therapy, dosage, etc. Do not self-medicate!

Ten years ago, this drug was the only one against diarrhea. But today there are several of its analogues, although some continue to prefer Phthalazole. Maybe because of its reasonable price, because all modern drugs today are expensive and not every person can buy them.

Reviews from doctors about the use of Fthalazol are good - the medicine quickly copes with diarrhea, is inexpensive and effective. The use of the described remedy requires an individual approach and medical supervision. Don’t risk your health, take Phthalazol tablets (what they help with is now well known to you) only according to strict indications!

The effectiveness of Phthalazole against diarrhea

Phthalazole actively affects pathogenic microbes in the intestines and eliminates signs of the disorder. The effectiveness of the product is determined by its composition, where the main active ingredient is phthalylsulfathiazole.

The drug has many positive reviews due to its pharmacological advantages:

Doesn't cause habit.
Performs antibacterial actions.
Active components are not absorbed into the blood.
It is harmless, so children from three years old can take it.
Long term of use.
Does not accumulate in the body.
Availability, as it can be purchased in any area.
Low price.

In addition, Fthalazol eliminates food poisoning, intestinal infections and other inflammatory processes. It actively destroys various pathogenic bacteria that cause diarrhea:

staphylococci;
gonococci;
pneumococci;
intestinal, pseudomonas, dysentery bacillus;
Proteus bacteria.

Fthalazol is mainly prescribed for diarrhea. But it copes well with dysentery, gastroenterocolitis, Salmanella paratyphoid infection, and ulcerative necrotizing colitis.

When taking the medication, bacteria stop multiplying and die.

Tablets "Fthalazol": instructions for use

The drug is taken regardless of food. For the treatment of acute dysentery, on the 1st day of treatment, drink 2 capsules every 4 hours. The maximum daily dose should not exceed 7 grams (14 tablets); more than 4 capsules should not be taken at a time. After 2 days, the volume of the medicine is reduced to 1 g (2 tablets) every 6 hours. On the 5th day of therapy, drink 2 tablets every 8 hours. During the entire period of treatment, the dose of the drug “Fthalazol” should not exceed 30 g. After 7 days, the course must be repeated.

Directions for use and doses

Inside

Depending on the sensitivity of a particular pathogen and intestinal microflora to sulfonamides, the attending physician must draw up an adequate regimen of use and calculate the optimal dosage.

for adults

A single dosage of the drug should not exceed 2 g, and a daily dosage should not exceed 7 g.

In the case of treatment of an acute form of infectious pathology, it is recommended to take 2 Phthalazole tablets every 4 hours for the first two days. The next two days the interval increases to 6 hours. On days 5 and 6 of therapy, it is necessary to increase the distance between daily doses to 8 hours. The further dosage regimen is drawn up taking into account the patient’s current condition.

for children

Children under 3 years of age are prescribed a dosage of Phthalazol at the rate of 0.2 g per kg of body weight. Children over 3 years of age are allowed to take the drug in a dosage of 0.4–0.8 g/kg body weight. The daily dosage is divided into equal doses. The course of therapy lasts on average 7 days.

When feeding with mother's milk and carrying a child, it is prohibited to take the medication Fthalazol.

Some particulars

Phthalazole for diarrhea has been used very actively and for a long time. But there are some nuances that you need to know. They concern special groups of patients for whom there is no clear evidence of harm due to the lack of clinical studies. These are children under three years of age, pregnant and lactating women.

Some manufacturers do not recommend taking phthalazole during pregnancy, classifying this very delicate position of a woman as a contraindication. However, many years of practice have shown that the drug does not harm the unborn baby, since it is not absorbed into the bloodstream and does not go directly to the fetus in the womb. The same applies to breast milk - Phthalazole remains exclusively in the gastrointestinal tract, without penetrating into breast milk, but the drug should be taken after feeding so that it has time to be absorbed as much as possible and then excreted from the body.

Why and how Phthalazol helps young children is already clear from the list of indications and pathogenic microorganisms that it affects. Again, manufacturers indicate contraindications for children under three years of age. But pediatricians have a completely different opinion. They very often prescribe Fthalazol to young patients during teething.

At this time, the baby puts into his mouth everything that comes to hand, including his fists. They may contain pathogenic microorganisms that cause diarrhea. Moreover, the doctor can prescribe this medicine not only as a remedy for diarrhea itself, but also as a preventive measure.

Pregnancy

During pregnancy, use

permitted only when necessary when the benefit to the mother outweighs the risk to the fetus. The drug must be completely eliminated in the first trimester of pregnancy. Due to low absorption and toxicity, the effect of the drug on the fetus has not been determined; no teratogenic or developmental inhibitory effects have been identified, but reactions from the maternal body are possible.

There were no cases of disturbances in the course of pregnancy and childbirth after taking the drug. During lactation, the use of phthalazole is permissible if absolutely necessary, since part of the absorbed drug passes through the bloodstream into breast milk and can cause a disruption of the child’s intestinal biocenosis with prolonged use.

When treating with the drug during breastfeeding, you should try to take it immediately after feeding; it may be advisable to use eubiotics in the child’s diet as a preventive measure for microflora disorders. Very rare cases of kernicterus in a child and a hemolytic reaction in children suffering from glucose-6-FDG deficiency.

Side effects

The medicine may cause reactions in the body's circulatory, nervous, gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, immune, urinary and respiratory systems. Side effects appear as follows:

agranulocytosis;
depressed mood;
lesions of the oral cavity;
cyanosis;
urolithiasis;
eosinophilic pneumonia;
skin rash;
leukopenia;
headache;
diarrhea;
myocarditis;
swelling of the lips and face (rare);
thrombocytopenia;
hepatitis;
nausea or vomiting;
dizziness;
periarteritis nodosa (rare);
gastritis;
Avitaminosis B.

Side effects increase with prolonged use or when the permissible doses of drugs are exceeded. In such situations, symptomatic therapy is required.

Side effects when using Phthalazol

With long-term use of the drug, the following side effects may occur:

From the nervous system: decreased mood, pain in the parietal and frontal regions;
From the cardiovascular system: pain in the heart area, cyanotic (pale blue) skin;
From the digestive system: inflammatory processes in the oral cavity, stomach, bile ducts, liver (hepatitis), dyspeptic disorders: nausea, vomiting, stool disorders in the form of diarrhea;
From the circulatory system: decrease in blood cells, in particular leukocytes (leukopenia) and red blood cells. With long-term treatment with phthalazole, anemic syndrome develops.
From the kidneys and urinary tract: formation of stones;
On the part of the immune system: the development of allergies of various origins: rashes in the form of papules, erythema, swelling of the face and cyanosis of the lips, an increase in body temperature to 38.50 C, the development of systemic damage to the joints of the lower extremities.

Side effects and contraindications Fthalazol

pain in the intestinal area (lower abdomen);
dysbacteriosis;
increased gas formation;
decreased or complete lack of appetite;
development of intestinal candidiasis;
nausea;
difficulty in defecation;
vomit.

Allergic reactions often occur - skin rashes, flushing of the skin, sneezing, lacrimation. In this case, you should immediately stop taking the drug and consult a doctor to replace it with a more suitable drug.

Overdose

Analogs

Fthalazol can be replaced with its analogues if the drug is for some reason unavailable or not recommended. This:

Biseptol - the active substance is Co-trimoxazole. A combined antimicrobial drug that is effective even against the causative agent of cholera.
Sinersul also contains Co-trimoxazole. Sinersul is prescribed for infections not only of the gastrointestinal tract, but also of the genitourinary tract, ENT organs, and skin.
Furazolidone is a drug based on a nitrofuran derivative. It acts faster than Phthalazol, as it destroys bacteria rather than preventing their proliferation.
Phtazin . This is a long-acting sulfonamide drug. In terms of its chemical composition, phthazine is close to Phthalazole and Sulfapyridazine, and in terms of its antibacterial spectrum - to Sulfapyridazine.
Sulgin. An antimicrobial agent containing sulfaguanidine. Indicated for bacterial dysentery, colitis, enterocolitis.

How to take phthalazole correctly so as not to cause poisoning

If you suspect phthalazole poisoning, it is very important to figure out how to correct this situation. Of course, this amazing medicine easily relieves the unpleasant symptoms of diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, so it has long been successfully used for any poisoning and abdominal pain.

Phthalazol - what is it and what is it for?

Among the wide range of drugs that eliminate symptoms and directly diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, phthalazole is well known. This fairly popular drug is designed to fight intestinal infections and have an antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effect in the digestive tract. People often remember this medicine when they have diarrhea or poisoning. And not in vain, because it has a wide range of therapeutic effects.

Phthalazole is an antimicrobial agent of the sulfonamide group. The main active ingredient is phthalylsulfathiazole, and additional ingredients are talc, starch and calcium stearate.

Release form: white tablets for oral administration, 10 or 20 pieces in a blister. The content of the active substance in one tablet is 500 mg.

A distinctive feature of the drug is its ability not to be absorbed into the blood. Phthalazole begins to have therapeutic effects as soon as it enters the intestines.

Indications for use of phthalazole

This substance has an extensive list of positive effects, so it is prescribed for various diseases:

reproduction of strains of staphylococci, pneumococci, streptococci, gonococci, meningococci;
acute dysentery;
food poisoning;
the presence of E. coli;
shigellosis;
rotavirus infection;
colitis;
enterocolitis;
diarrhea;
flatulence;
as a prophylactic agent after surgical interventions on the intestines and abdominal organs.

Also, sometimes this remedy is used when leaving a strict diet or therapeutic fasting, in order to prevent disorders. But the most common problem that phthalazole eliminates is diarrhea.

Mode of application

It is recommended to take the tablets with plenty of still water or an alkaline solution. This solution is quite easy to prepare at home: to do this, you need to dilute 2 g of baking soda in a glass of water. Thus, the balance of salts in the body will not be disturbed, and the effect of the medicine will not be harmed in any way. If you have diarrhea, it is recommended to drink as much water as possible throughout the day.

How to take phthalazole when upset

The drug is taken in courses. In the acute stage of the disease, the first course of treatment looks like this:

On days 1 and 2, take two tablets every 4 hours;
3rd and 4th day - two tablets with an interval of 6 hours;
Days 5 and 6: two tablets every 8 hours.

To consolidate the results obtained, the course of treatment should be repeated after a week.

Any course of treatment should be discussed with a doctor who will evaluate each specific case.

Fthalazol - contraindications

Unfortunately, there are no universal medicines. It is worth paying attention to other remedies if you have:

Who is phthalazole contraindicated for?

Phthalazole side effects

The most common side effects after taking this medicine are:

What side effects does phthalazole cause?

skin reactions (inflammation, itching, redness, peeling of the skin);
allergic reactions (eg, hives);
headache;
decreased level of leukocytes in the blood;
agranulocytosis;
iron deficiency anemia (with long-term use);
vomit;
exacerbation of chronic diseases;
gastritis;
inflammation of the heart muscle;
Quincke's edema;
fever;
nausea.

If adverse reactions occur, the drug should be discontinued and consult a doctor.

Phthalazole overdose

With uncontrolled long-term or incorrect use of the drug, an overdose is possible, which is manifested by the following symptoms:

sudden decrease in the titer of all cellular elements of the blood (pancytopenia);
macrocytic anemia;
vomit;
nausea;
headache.

Side effects may get worse.

Phthalazole

Phthalazole is an antimicrobial drug.

Release form and composition

The dosage form of Phthalazole is tablets: flat-cylindrical, white or yellowish in color, with a score and a chamfer (10 tablets in a blister or cellless package, 2 blister packs in a cardboard box).

Composition of 1 tablet:

active ingredient: phthalylsulfathiazole – 0.5 g;
auxiliary components: potato starch, calcium stearate, talc.

colitis;
gastroenteritis;
dysentery (exacerbation phase, chronic or acute);
prevention of purulent complications during intestinal surgery.

increased sensitivity to the components of the drug, as well as to sulfonamide drugs;
diffuse toxic goiter;
diseases of the circulatory system;
glomerulonephritis;
renal failure (chronic);
intestinal obstruction;
acute hepatitis.

The drug should be taken orally.

Acute dysentery in adults:

Days 1–2: 1 g 6 times a day;
3–4 days: 1 g 4 times a day;
Days 5–6: 1 g 3 times a day.

The average dose for the first course of treatment is 25–30 g.

Next you should take the second course (after 5–6 days):

Days 1–2: 1 g 5 times a day (the interval between taking the drug during the day should be 4 hours, at night 8 hours);
Days 3–4: 1 g 4 times a day (daytime only);
Day 5: 1 g 3 times a day.

The average dose for the second course of treatment is 21 g. If the course of the disease is mild - 18 g.

The maximum daily dose for an adult is 7 g, the maximum single dose for an adult is 2 g.

Children:

up to 3 years: 0.2 g/kg body weight 3 times a day, recommended course of treatment – 7 days;
from 3 years: 0.4–0.75 g 4 times a day.

For other infectious diseases, the course of treatment for an adult is:

first 2–3 days: 1–2 g every 4–6 hours;
next 2-3 days: doses should be halved.

Children – 0.1 g/kg/day. The drug should be divided into equal doses and taken at intervals of 4 hours during the day. Break at night. Then 0.2–0.5 g at intervals of 6–8 hours.

Side effects

central nervous system: dizziness, headache, feeling of depression;
gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, liver: diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, gastritis, cholangitis, hepatitis, deficiency of B vitamins caused by inhibition of intestinal microflora, oral lesions such as glossitis, gingivitis, stomatitis and others;
urinary system: urolithiasis;
respiratory system: eosinophilic pneumonia;
cardiovascular system: cyanosis, myocarditis;
circulatory system: thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, agranulocytosis, hemolysis of erythrocytes. Long-term use of the drug can cause anemia due to a deficiency of pantothenic and pteroylglutaric acids produced by microbial cells;
allergic reactions: rash, including nodular and exudative erythrema multiforme, epidermal necrolysis (Lyell's syndrome). Also in some cases, allergic swelling of the face and lips, as well as periarteritis nodosa, is possible.

Drug interactions

para-aminosalicylic acid and barbiturates: enhance the activity of sulfonamides;
salicylates: increase toxicity and activity;
methotrexate and diphenine: increase toxicity;
thioacetazone, chloramphenicol: increase the risk of developing agranulocytosis;
nitrofurans: increase the likelihood of methemoglobinemia and anemia;
indirect anticoagulants: increase their anticoagulant effect;
oxacillin: reduces the activity of the antibiotic;
acids and acid-reacting drugs, hexamethylenetetramine, adrenaline solution: these drugs are chemically incompatible and should not be taken together with Phthalazol;
preparations containing para-aminobenzoic acid esters, novocaine, dicaine, anesthesin: the antibacterial activity of sulfonamide is inactivated by a competitive mechanism;
antibiotics, as well as sulfonamides, which are highly absorbable: enhance the effect of the drug.

Storage conditions

Store in a dry place away from direct sunlight. Keep away from children.

Shelf life – 4 years.

Course and dosage

The dosage of Phthalazol for eliminating diarrhea is determined individually, according to the age and weight of the child.

For acute dysentery in children under three years of age, the required amount is calculated according to the ratio of 0.2 grams of active substance per kilogram of body weight. This amount is the total daily dose. For ease of use, Fthalazol is crushed to powder form and diluted in 250 ml of cool boiled water. You need to drink three times a day. The average treatment period is 1 week. If necessary, the attending physician can adjust the therapeutic course depending on the severity of symptoms.

Children from 3 to 7 years old are prescribed 0.5 grams of the substance, taken 4 times a day. Children from 7 to 12 years old - 0.5 - 0.75 g For adolescents over 12 years old, the single dosage that should be taken corresponds to an adult.

For other types of infectious lesions, a different scheme for using the drug is used. A ratio of 0.1 grams per kilogram of weight of the daily dose is applied. Reception is carried out every 4 hours with a break at night. Starting from the second day, the concentration of the drug decreases.

Regardless of age, the course and dosage of Phthalazole for children is selected individually by a pediatrician. If this condition is violated, the parent assumes full responsibility for possible consequences.

Name Phthalazol Phthalazolum

Pharmachologic effect:

Sulfanilamide drug. Phthalazole is slowly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. When administered orally, the bulk of the drug is retained in the intestine, where the active (sulfonamide) part of the molecule is gradually eliminated. The resulting high concentration of sulfonamide in the intestine, combined with the activity of the drug against intestinal flora, explains its greater effectiveness against intestinal infections.

Indications for use:

Dysentery (intestinal disease caused by protozoa), colitis (inflammation of the colon), gastroenteritis (inflammation of the mucous membranes of the stomach and small intestine), intestinal surgery.

Mode of application:

Before prescribing a drug to a patient, it is advisable to determine the sensitivity to it of the microflora that caused the disease in this patient. In the acute form of dysentery, adult patients are prescribed 6 g per day orally on days 1-2 (every 4 hours, 1 g), on days 3-4 - 4 g per day (every 6 hours, 1 g) , on the 5-6th day - 3 g per day (every 8 hours, 1 g). The course of treatment is only 25-30 g. After the first cycle of treatment (after 5-6 days), a second cycle is carried out: 1-2 days - 1 g every 4 hours (at night after 8 hours), a total of 5 g per day; 3-4th day - 1 g every 4 hours (do not give at night), only 4 g per day; Day 5 - 1 g every 4 hours (do not give at night), only 3 g per day. During the second cycle, the total dose is 21 g; in case of mild disease, the dose for the second cycle can be reduced to 18 g. Higher doses for adults orally: single dose - 2 g, daily dose - 7 g. For children, phthalazole is prescribed in smaller doses: up to 3 years - up to 0.2 g/kg per day; The daily dose is given in three equal parts during the day, without disturbing night sleep. The drug is given at the indicated dose for 7 days. Children over 3 years old are prescribed 0.4-0.75 g (depending on age) per dose 4 times a day. When treating other infections, phthalazole is prescribed to adults in the first 2-3 days, 1-2 g every 4-6 hours, in the next 2-3 days - half doses. Children are prescribed 0.1 g/kg per day on the 1st day. The drug is given in equal doses every 4 hours with a break at night. In the following days, give 0.2-0.5 g every 6-8 hours.

Attention!

Before using Fthalazol, you should consult your doctor. These instructions for use are provided in free translation and are intended for informational purposes only. For more complete information, please refer to the manufacturer's instructions.

Release form, composition and packaging

Release form: tablets 0.05 g in an amount of 10 pieces (No. 10). Composition: Phthalazole is a white or slightly yellowish powder, insoluble in aqueous media and slightly soluble in alcohol solutions.

Main substance: 500 mg phthalylsulfathiazole.

Excipients include potato starch, talc, calcium stearate.

Packaging: non-contour paper, in which Fthalazol is in the amount of 10 tablets of 0.05 g, and plastic contour, in which there are also 10 tablets of 0.05 g.

Phthalazol for children

What is the dosage when using the medicine for a child? Phthalazole is not included in the group of drugs that are risky or have a heavy chemical composition, so it is also used in the treatment of children of different age categories. However, modern medicine does not stand still: a lot of similar medicinal compounds have been developed that have a more gentle effect on the young body. And yet, many years of practice and careful study of the side effects of phthalazole allow experts to claim that this remedy is harmless for children

Here it is only important to take into account the cause of the pathology and the body weight of the small patient, since depending on this the average daily amount of medicine supplied is calculated

So, in the case of non-dysenteric diarrhea, for children under twelve years of age, the dose of the medicine is calculated based on its actual weight, taking 0.1 g of the required medication per kilogram of live weight. If we assume that the child weighs 15 kg, the dosage of the drug will be as follows:

first day: 0.1*15=1.5 or three tablets of 0.5 g per day, taken in three doses throughout the day, night is not affected; you can also halve the tablets and give them more often, but over a larger number of approaches at even intervals;
second day: 0.025 - 0.05 g per day per kilogram of weight, or one to one and a half tablets, divided into portions and consumed throughout the day;
the following days, the intake is carried out in the same proportions as on the second day, until the diarrhea stops, but not more than a week.

For disenteric loose stools in children, the portion is calculated based on age, not body weight:

up to three years: half a tablet every six hours;
up to seven years: one piece every six hours;
up to twelve years: one and a half pills every six hours.

Children who have crossed the age limit of twelve can be given regular adult portions of phthalazole.

Contraindications

Phthalazole, like all medical drugs, has contraindications. It may adversely affect or worsen the treatment of another disease that the patient already has.

The reason for not prescribing Phthalazole to a patient is:

individual intolerance to the ingredients of the drug;
allergic reaction to sulfonamides;
renal chronic diseases;
acute liver disease;
glomerular nephritis;
Graves' disease;
acute functional liver damage;
diseases accompanied by a violation of the structure of blood cells;
paralytic intestinal obstruction.

It is not recommended for use by young children under three years of age, as well as by pregnant women and during breastfeeding.

Short description

This drug is available exclusively in tablet form.

Some experts argue that a blister with such pills should be present in every home medicine cabinet in case of sudden poisoning.

So, what exactly are Fthalazol tablets? What does this remedy help with? We give a comprehensive answer: this is an effective medicine that helps very well with a variety of microbial lesions of the intestinal mucosa.

Pharmaceutical action

The antimicrobial effect of Phthalazole is due to the action of phthalylsulfathiazole. Most bacteria require folic and dihydrofolic acids to reproduce. The drug undergoes a transformation in the intestinal lumen and releases the active part - sulfathiazole. This compound penetrates the cell wall and inhibits folic acid metabolism. In its absence, the synthesis of daughter DNA quickly stops, and the bacterium loses its ability to reproduce.

Important! Phthalazole only acts on active bacteria. It does not affect the infectious pathogen in a latent state, so you need to take the medicine for a long time.

The medication stops diarrhea 2-3 days after the start of treatment. The effect is due to the fact that suppression of pathogenic microflora leads to a decrease in the amount of toxins.

pharmachologic effect

Phthalazole belongs to the antibacterial agents of the sulfonamide group, which exhibit chemotherapeutic activity in infectious processes caused by Gr- and Gr+ bacteria, protozoa and fungi (genus Actinomycetales).

Pharmacokinetics

Absorption of phthalazole does not occur in the gastrointestinal tract. About 4-9% of the accepted dosage of the drug 0.05 g enters the general and systemic bloodstream (therefore 0.005 g is absorbed).

After absorption, phthalazole participates in metabolic processes in the liver, then goes to the kidneys and is excreted in the urine in the form of accumulated metabolites.

Due to the fact that for a long time Phtalozol is in the intestinal tract, in which it exerts its main antibacterial effect, it is also split into the amino group NH2, 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic (phthalic) acid and the main substance - the molecule sulfathiazole, which destroys pathogenic microorganisms localized in the intestinal lumen

Fthalazol also prevents the synthesis of folic acid in microorganisms. As a result, cascade-type chemical reaction cycles are disrupted, and therefore the amount of folic acid decreases.

Its deficiency leads to disruption of the formation of DNA and RNA components that make up microorganisms. It must be remembered that DNA and RNA microorganisms are destroyed only if they are in the replication phase (gradual reproduction).

They do not have an antibacterial effect on cells in the G0 (resting) phase, so Fthalazol must be consumed within 7-10 days. This will lead to the complete destruction of bacterial cells in the intestines.

Spectrum of action of the drug: streptococcus, staphylococcus, Escherichia coli, dysentery bacillus, Proteus, trachoma virus.

Phthalazole must be taken in large dosages throughout the day.

Phthalazole has an anti-inflammatory effect , which consists in reducing the migration of neutrophils and other cells of the hematopoietic system through the intestinal wall. A decrease in the level of leukocytes leads to a decrease in the inflammatory process.

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The principle of action and benefits of taking Phthalazol for diarrhea

Diarrhea involves frequent bowel movements and watery stools. This pathological condition develops when the normal functioning of the intestines is disrupted and digestive processes are accelerated. The reason often lies in an infection of bacterial or viral origin, food poisoning, that is, pathogenic microflora.

Phthalazole provides a bacteriostatic effect, which is most pronounced against vegetative forms of microbes. The processes of growth and development of pathogenic microflora are associated with the production of purine and pyrimidine bases, in which folic acid takes part. When taking Phthalazol, its formation is disrupted by preventing the inclusion of para-aminobenzoic acid in this process.

The action of the drug mostly occurs in the intestinal lumen. When taken internally, the drug is slowly absorbed from the digestive tract, so it is concentrated in a significant amount in the lumen of the colon. There microorganisms act on it, provoking splitting into the following elements:

phthalic acid;
amino group;
norsulfazole.

The use of Phthalazol for diarrhea implies certain advantages:

the medicine acts directly on the cause of diarrhea (pathogenic microflora), and not only eliminates its symptoms;
additional anti-inflammatory effect;
accessibility – you can buy the medicine at any pharmacy, the average cost is only 40 rubles;
Possibility of use in children (there are restrictions);
lack of addiction to the drug;
creating high doses of medication directly in the intestines;
excretion of the drug naturally (most of the drug leaves the body during bowel movements);
no accumulation of medication in the body.

Phthalazol: analogues

Oriprim;
Bactrim;
Biseptol;
Sinersul;
Urbazon;
Metosulfabol;
Oriprim;
Salosinal;
Renitol;
Prednisolone;
Pentasa;
Dvaseptol;
Co-trimoxazole;
Fortecortin.

Phthalazol: price. As for the price of this drug, it is quite affordable and anyone can afford it. The average price of the drug is 30-40 rubles.

Use of phthalazole during pregnancy

Can phthalazole be used by pregnant women? This question worries every expectant mother who is affected by an intestinal disease and makes a choice between effective and non-harmful medications for the fetus. This is no wonder: a fairly large number of excellent remedies that instantly eliminate the symptoms of many ailments in an ordinary person are categorically contraindicated for pregnant women due to the inclusion of components harmful to the fetus.

Phthalazol is not one of these. Based on the long history of his origin, he repeatedly demonstrated in practice his inaction towards the child in the mother’s womb. No adverse anomalies were found when taking the substance. But it is worth emphasizing that there were no specific laboratory experiments and clinical examinations of pregnant women who specifically used phthalazole for the experiment. This is the reason for the concern of the manufacturers of these tablets: in the instructions for use, in order to avoid liability, they indicate that phthalazole medicine is contraindicated for use by pregnant women.

Why do most expectant mothers ignore the manufacturer’s footnote about this contraindication and what allows them to carelessly take such pills:

long-term presence of phthalazole on the pharmacological market and unpretentious reviews from the majority of pregnant women surveyed;
no cases of miscarriages or harmful effects on the fetus caused specifically by this drug;
Absolutely painless experience during the treatment period for diarrhea in pregnant women using this sulfonamide.

And yet, the most fearful of women, due to this contraindication, are afraid to turn to this remedy.

Purchasing phthalazole places and prices

In view of all of the above, it is not difficult to guess that phthalazole can be obtained almost anywhere in the country. This is due to several factors:

Firstly, such tablets are not difficult to obtain, because the manufacturer continues to produce them in quantities sufficient to satisfy consumer demand and distributes them to all pharmacy kiosks that request it.

Secondly, the functional medicinal effect of phthalazole does not carry the threat of severe side effects and its chemical composition is not burdened with prohibited elements, therefore it is completely freely available for sale and is freely released for sale without the need to provide a prescription from the attending physician - permission is not required to purchase phthalazole required.

Thirdly, due to the long history of existence in the market of medicinal marketing services, phthalazole is so well known to the general public that it does not require online advertising and is sold by the manufacturer using good old sales methods, without resorting to distributing products through the media and the Internet. Just go to the nearest pharmacy.

Thus, the purchase of phthalazole compares favorably with many other drugs due to its easy availability. Plus the pricing policy of the drug is very loyal. You can find this product in pharmacy kiosks for 20-45 Russian rubles per petal of ten tablets. The difference in cost may differ due to certain accompanying conditions of storage and delivery to the desired place of sale.

If the shelf life of the tablets has expired (5 years from the date of production), consuming them is strictly prohibited. Moreover, if the packaging is damaged during transportation or due to some other circumstances, the storage conditions of the drug are considered violated, and the use of phthalazole is also not recommended. Such tablets should be kept in a home medicine cabinet in a dark place, protected from direct sunlight, while maintaining a temperature not exceeding 25 degrees Celsius.

In conclusion, we can summarize the information received by the fact that phthalazole has long been one of the leading anti-inflammatory medications, an excellent anti-intestinal drug that works quickly and effectively, while having a low price and availability for everyone in any city in the state . Plus, the product is approved for use not only by adults, but also by children.

Updated: 2019-07-10 01:07:50

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Effect spectrum of phthalazole: indications for use

Photo: staphylococcal bacteria. Author: Crevis/shutterstock

What pathogenic microbes are eliminated by using phthalazole? There are a huge number of microorganisms of different types and forms of influence that pose a potential threat to human health. A fairly significant part among them is occupied by those that stimulate infectious processes in the gastrointestinal tract. A lot of intestinal diseases are associated precisely with the localization of harmful organisms in the duodenum in the form of rods, parasites, and cocci.

Form of release of the medicine and method of administration

Phthalazole is available in tablets with dosages of 100, 200 and 500 mg of the active substance.

Excipients used in the production of the drug:

potato starch – provides an even structure, used as a stabilizer;
Calcium stearate is a food additive, emulsifier and auxiliary component in the manufacture of solid dosage forms.

Tablets are produced in blisters of 10 pieces, packed in cardboard boxes. The drug is stored at room temperature not higher than 25 °C.

Phthalazole is taken 30 minutes before meals or after it no earlier than an hour later . The medicine is washed down with purified water or mineral water without gas with an alkaline environment (at least 200 ml). For children who cannot swallow tablets on their own, the drug is crushed. For babies, the powder can be added to baby formulas, purees, juices, and breast milk. During treatment, you need to drink plenty of fluids (for adults, at least 2 liters per day).

Reviews

"Fthalazol" is a broad-spectrum drug that destroys most pathogens of intestinal infections. Despite the huge number of modern analogues, the product is still widely used. Judging by medical reviews, the drug has a high degree of effectiveness. When taken, unpleasant symptoms are eliminated in a short time, and the well-being of patients significantly improves.

As for patients, most of them respond positively to Phthalazol. At the same time, they especially note the fact that the drug exerts its healing effect in the shortest possible time. This is explained by the fact that the active substance is not absorbed into the blood, but is sent directly to the source of the lesion - the gastrointestinal tract. In addition, an important advantage is the cost of the drug, which makes it accessible to all segments of the population.

Features of the action of the drug Fthalazol, what it helps with

This drug differs from other medications with a similar effect in that it is practically not absorbed into the blood. Its action is aimed directly at the patient’s gastrointestinal tract, it stops the reproduction and growth of microorganisms.

The active substance does not accumulate in tissues even with prolonged use of Phthalazol tablets, so there is no addiction or reduction in effectiveness when they are used repeatedly.

Specialists use this drug in the presence of a bacterial infection that affects the intestinal mucosa (usually all of them are accompanied by diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and flatulence). The drug is no less effective for food poisoning (in particular, in the treatment of foodborne toxic infections).

Interaction

Do not combine with acids, hexamethylenetetramine, adrenaline and acid-reacting agents.

When taking Phthalazol simultaneously with oxacillin, the effectiveness of the latter is reduced.

When combined with levomycin, nitrofuran and thioacetazone, the risk of side effects increases.

Barbiturates and para-aminosalicylic acid, antibiotics and other sulfonamides increase the effect of the drug on harmful microorganisms.

Combination with indirect anticoagulants enhances the activity of the latter.

Use of Phthalazole with other drugs

The use of phthalazole with furazolidone at the same time is CONTRAINDICATED!
In tandem, they cause strong side effects, worsening the general condition of the body, have a strong toxic effect on the liver and kidneys, leading to the development of acute liver and acute kidney failure.

You should take one of the drugs, only 1.

Phthalazole must be taken in combination with a vitamin complex (Vit B, C, E).

Together with Phthalazol, vitamin therapy is recommended because in the intestines due to excessive killing of E.

Coli (Escherichia coli), the synthesis of vitamins of this group is inhibited.

The use of Phthalazole with vitamin K is life-threatening. This leads to inhibition of the blood coagulation system.

Compound

Fthalazol tablets have an antimicrobial effect due to the content of the active substance – Phthalylsulfathiazole, which has a wide range of medicinal properties. A breakdown process occurs in the intestines, the result of which is the appearance of sulfathiazole. This substance is the main active ingredient, thanks to which the medicine kills pathogenic bacteria of various types. Excipients (not the main ones) that are used in the production of the drug are potato starch, talc and calcium stearate.

Conditions for dispensing from pharmacies

store in a dry place, protected from light, at temperatures up to 25°C.

On prescription.

In a dry place, protected from light, at a temperature not exceeding 25 °C.

Keep out of the reach of children.

Fthalazol tablets are approved for over-the-counter dispensing from pharmacies. The tablets should be stored out of the reach of children and direct sunlight, away from sources of moisture. The shelf life of the drug is indicated on the packaging and is 3 years from the date of manufacture.

Phthalazole should be stored in a dark place, out of reach of children, at temperatures up to 25˚C with low humidity.

Shelf life – 4 years. It is a prescription medication.

How the drug works

Phthalazole is an antimicrobial composition with a pronounced bacteriostatic effect, which allows it to prevent the development and increase in the number of pathogenic elements that become the causes of prolonged diarrhea. Under the influence of folic acid, synthetic processes in cells that are necessary for the development of a pathogenic environment are disrupted. This means that the disease goes away quickly and forever.

The active substance penetrates the cellular structure of the pathogen and accelerates the metabolism of folic acid, which is necessary for pathogenic bacteria for normal life. Under its influence, the synthesis of daughter DNA is disrupted, so that these cells cannot reproduce. The drug Fthalazole is absorbed by the intestinal walls extremely slowly, and the bulk of the drug settles in the area of the intestinal lumen.

The drug is taken orally. After penetration into the gastrointestinal tract, there is absorption, but it is insignificant. Due to this, the active component is concentrated as much as possible at the location of the lesion. The effectiveness of the composition is achieved through gradual splitting. The medication is invariably excreted in feces. Through the bloodstream, it ends up in the liver and is processed into non-toxic wastes that are excreted by the kidneys.

How the medicine works

Like other drugs from the sulfonamide family, Fthalazol is not an antibiotic in the sense that it does not directly kill bacteria. It has a completely different mechanism of action. Phthalazole inhibits the growth, reproduction and development of bacteria due to its similarity to a vitamin-like substance - para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA). It is found in abundance in the intestinal lumen, and bacteria use it to synthesize DNA during division and synthesis of aggressive substances that lead to poisoning.

The drug displaces PABA from bacterial cells and takes its place, and microbes cannot use Phthalazole molecules for physiological functions. The functions of growth and reproduction of aggressor cells are suspended for a long period. At the same time, the human immune system does not sleep and continues to fight weakened microorganisms, which ultimately ends in recovery.

Another peculiarity of Phthalazole is that it is poorly absorbed through the organs of the digestive system and almost does not enter the blood. Due to this, it is classified as a long-acting drug because it remains in the gastrointestinal tract for a long time and does not pass through the liver, which destroys it, or through the kidneys, which remove the drug from the body. Since the medicine is not carried throughout the body through the blood, its use does not make sense for infections of extraintestinal origin.

Reviews and prices

Phthalazole is produced for children and adults by a large number of domestic enterprises, which ensures its low cost. But in different pharmacies this figure may vary, based on the manufacturer and the pricing policy of the pharmaceutical enterprise. The average price for 10 tablets is up to 33 rubles. Dispensing is carried out without a doctor's prescription, so you can purchase the product at any pharmacy and in any locality. It is important to pay attention to the expiration date of the composition. To have a more complete understanding of its action and effectiveness, it is worth reading the reviews.

Irina. The pills helped me almost immediately. I was preparing for an important event, and the day before it I suffered from severe diarrhea. I immediately went to the pharmacy, the doctor advised me Fthalazol. I bought it for 20 rubles and did not regret it. After the first dose, the diarrhea began to decline, and by the evening it had completely stopped.

Vladimir. I don't like diarrhea! But who loves her? I was “lucky” to run into her on the eve of an important meeting with partners. I was afraid that I would miss everything and not even go to work, but would “conquer” the toilet. But my wife went to the pharmacy and brought me Fthalazol. I took it according to the instructions, and the next morning not only did the diarrhea disappear, but I also felt better - the abdominal pain, colic, and cramping went away.

Valeria. I carefully read the instructions on how to take Fthalazol for diarrhea, and was pleasantly surprised. Minimum contraindications, side effects and restrictions. The regimen is simple. I bought the paste mixture. I drank all day and the next day. The condition has improved. The watery diarrhea stopped, and after it the unpleasant pains that had tormented me for several days before disappeared.

Ivan. The price is low and the quality is amazing. I used to take IMMODium, which cost a lot, but the effect does not come immediately. But for the last time I decided to support the domestic manufacturer and bought Phthalazol. He helped me quickly get rid of diarrhea and return to a normal rhythm of life.

Olga. I liked Fthalazol tablets for their affordable price and immediate effect from use. I drank it 2 times - in the morning and in the evening - the next day I woke up on my own, and I was not woken up by diarrhea, as was the case before. In general, I recommend it.

The use of phthalazole in pediatrics for diarrhea in children

Phthalazole is a drug with low toxicity. Therefore, it is often used in pediatric practice and prescribed to children from an early age. The medicine is relatively safe, does not cause serious disturbances in the functioning of internal organs, and does not affect the growth and development of the child.

Children are prescribed phthalazole for rotavirus infection (intestinal flu) . This is a common disease that affects absolutely all preschool children.

Rotavirus infects the epithelium of the small intestine and causes inflammation. Diarrhea is one of the main symptoms of the disease. Depending on the physical condition and resistance of the body, the frequency of bowel movements can be from 4 to 12 times a day. Diarrhea leads to disruption of the water-salt balance and increases intoxication of the body.

During the acute period of the disease, it is important to quickly relieve symptoms and prevent dehydration. For this purpose, phthalazole is prescribed. Its effect on the children's body:

reduces nausea;
eliminates vomiting, diarrhea;
relieves intestinal inflammation;
relieves pain symptoms in the abdominal area;
stops rapid weight loss in infants;
prevents the development of complications associated with dehydration;
improves sleep quality, increases appetite.

The dosage of the drug is selected depending on the age and body weight of the child , the severity of the disease. You cannot give phthalazole to children on your own, without a doctor’s prescription.

Indications

According to the instructions for use, “Fthalazol” is a medicinal product whose active ingredient is phthalylsulfathiazole. Its task is to destroy pathogenic microorganisms in the intestines. In addition, the composition of the drug is represented by the following excipients: talc, potato starch and calcium stearate.

"Fthalazol" - indications for use:

dysentery (both acute and chronic);
colitis and enterocolitis, the development of which is accompanied by severe diarrhea;
shigellosis;
gastroenteritis of a bacterial nature.

In addition, the drug is often prescribed to prevent complications after surgical interventions in the intestines.

Treatment with Phtalazol is very effective. This is due to the rapid improvement in the well-being of patients. In addition, pathogens do not become accustomed to the drug.

According to the instructions for use, “Fthalazol” is effective against the following pathogenic microorganisms:

streptococcus;
pneumococcus;
staphylococcus;
meningococcus;
gonococcus;
intestinal, dysentery, Pseudomonas aeruginosa;
protea;
viruses that are causative agents of follicular conjunctivitis and trachoma.

It is prohibited to self-prescribe medication. In many cases, the cause of intestinal disorder can be a fungus, against which Phthalazol is ineffective. While taking the drug, the true picture of the disease is distorted, and therefore a lot of time is wasted.

Phthalazol for children

It can be prescribed for use in young children due to its low degree of toxicity and the ability to be eliminated from the body naturally. However, it would be advisable to establish the degree of sensitivity of the pathogen to the antibiotic, and preliminary consultation with a doctor is required. Children under two months of age can take phthalazole only in case of congenital toxoplasmosis. Having discussed in our article such a medical drug as phthalazole, instructions for use of which are available both on the Internet and inside the pack of the medicine itself, we draw your attention to the fact that the passion for various kinds of tablets for a long time is not a panacea, because before just a healthy lifestyle and balanced nutrition!

Among the huge number of pharmacological agents that can solve problems with intestinal infections, Fthalazol is one of the most common and at the same time inexpensive drugs. This drug acts as an effective antimicrobial agent. It belongs to the group of sulfonamides. The drug has a detrimental effect on bacteria that cause infections in the digestive system. In addition, Fthalazol has an anti-inflammatory effect and also promotes the production of glucocorticosteroids - natural hormones that inhibit inflammatory processes in the body.

Description of the drug Fthalazol

The active substance of Phthalazole is phthalylsulfathiazole, excipients are talc, calcium stearate and potato starch. Phthalazole is produced only in tablets for oral administration, 10, less often 20 pieces per plate. The tablets are flat, white, with a score and a bevel.

After administration, the drug is practically not absorbed through the blood, and only begins to “work” once it reaches the intestines. Most of the active substance is retained in the gastrointestinal tract, accumulates and has an effective antimicrobial effect.

What are Fthalazol tablets used for?

Phthalazole has a therapeutic effect for the following diseases:

(intoxication of the body);
dysentery;
enterocolitis;
ulcerative, ulcerative-necrotizing colitis;
infectious origin;
diarrhea;
salmonella infections;
dysbacteriosis;
shigellosis;
as a prophylactic for infectious purulent inflammations or complications after operations on the digestive organs and abdominal cavity.

Not everyone knows that Fthalazol can also be used after leaving a strict diet or therapeutic fasting in case of gastrointestinal dysfunction. It also helps with flatulence. However, practice shows that Fthalazol is most often prescribed for diarrhea.

How to take Fthalazol tablets?

Fthalazol tablets are swallowed whole with a glass of water. Instead, you can drink it with an alkaline solution, which is easy to prepare yourself. To do this, just add 2 grams of baking soda to a glass of water and stir until completely dissolved. In addition, it is recommended that you drink plenty of water throughout the day while taking this drug, especially if you have severe diarrhea.

Treatment with Phthalazol should be carried out in courses. The regimen for the first course (for acute forms of the disease) is as follows:

on the first and second days of the course, you need to take two tablets (1 g) every four hours (a total of 6 g per day);
the next two days - two pills every six hours (4 g per day in total);
fifth-sixth days - the same number of tablets every eight hours (total 3 g per day).

Ftalazol tablets are an antimicrobial drug from the sulfonamide group, which is used for food intoxication and poisoning. This drug cannot be classified as an antibiotic, despite the fact that drugs from these two groups have a similar mechanism of action on pathogenic microorganisms. Fthalazol tablets have a limited spectrum of action, unlike modern antibacterial drugs. But this remedy remains in demand and effective.

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Scope of application, therapeutics

Phthalazole has an anti-inflammatory and antibacterial function, which is based on the ability of the drug, due to its similar molecular structure, to participate in the process of folic acid synthesis, which is carried out by microbial cells for the needs of their vital activity. As a result of this exposure, the cycle of these bioorganic reactions fails, and folic acid in microbial cells ceases to be synthesized.

However, folic acid is a source for the synthesis of nitrogenous elements (purines and pyrimidines), which are structural components of DNA and RNA. Thus, by affecting the process of folic acid synthesis, phthalosol ultimately causes a disruption in the synthesis of other acids.

Having a detrimental effect on RNA and DNA, which during synthesis are in a state of active movement and reproduction, the drug cannot affect passive cells that are at rest. That is why, in order to completely destroy harmful cells, phthalazole should be taken for at least 5–7 days. During this time, they will all move to the synthesis stage, where the effect of the drug will have its effect on them.

Tablets should be dosed at a fairly high level for two reasons: increasing the effectiveness of action and suppressing resistance to the drug in bacteria.

Instructions for using Phthalazole: side effects, contraindications for use

Since the 30s of the twentieth century, drugs called sulfonamides in medicine and pharmacology have been used in the treatment of bacterial infections. One of these is Phthalazole, an intestinal antimicrobial that replaced older sulfonamides such as white streptocide in the 1960s. The newest antibiotics for the treatment of intestinal infections have pushed Phthalazol into the background, but it has not lost its importance.

How the medicine works

Why is the drug still relevant?

Phthalazole has been around for almost half a century, but nevertheless it is still found in pharmacies and is in demand, despite the fact that more modern drugs exist. This is not surprising, since its advantages are quite obvious:

Price. A package of 10 tablets of the medicine will cost 15-25 Russian rubles, and a course will require 6-7 such packages, therefore the cost of a treatment cycle on average will be only 150 rubles.
Reliability. The drug has been around for a long time, all its therapeutic effects and side effects have been thoroughly studied, so the patient understands well what he is being treated with and what effect can be expected.
Few contraindications. Since the drug almost does not enter the bloodstream, it does not have a pronounced effect on the body of children, pregnant women, lactating women, or the chronically ill.
There are no special conditions for admission. Phthalazole can be taken as you wish and at any time of the day. It is not necessary to take it strictly before or after meals.

Indications for use

The spectrum of action of the drug is narrower than that of antibiotics, but the list of indications for use is still considerable:

Dysentery of bacterial origin, escherichiosis and intestinal shigellosis.
Foodborne toxic infections caused by streptococci, staphylococci and other microorganisms.
Gastroenteritis and enterocolitis of infectious origin caused by Salmonella, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus. In this case, the course is prescribed by a doctor when the diagnosis is confirmed by microbiological testing.
Unspecified diseases of the digestive system, accompanied by diarrhea and presumably of infectious origin. The use of Fthalazole is allowed if the pathogen cannot be identified with complete certainty, but there are signs of a bacterial infection in the gastrointestinal tract.
Erosive and ulcerative diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.
Preoperative preparation for interventions on the abdominal organs (rare).

Contrary to popular belief, Fthalazol does not help against rotavirus infection. The antimicrobial effect of Phthalazole applies exclusively to bacteria and does not affect the activity of the virus.

If you suspect rotavirus, you should consult a doctor as soon as possible, be hospitalized in the infectious diseases department and, if necessary, receive a course of antiviral drugs, to which neither sulfonamides nor antibiotics have anything to do. The use of drugs from these two groups is justified only in the case of a bacterial infection joining a viral one.

Contraindications to Phthalazol

There are few contraindications for use, but it is still definitely worth taking a closer look at them so that taking the medicine does not cause harm:

Pathologies of the bone marrow and blood system (anemia, erythremia, agranulocytosis, chronic lymphocytic and myeloid leukemia, multiple myeloma, lymphogranulomatosis, Hodgkin lymphoma).
Diseases of the thyroid gland associated with an excessive increase in its function (thyrotoxicosis, Graves' disease, diffuse toxic goiter).
Acute and chronic renal failure due to glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis, amyloidosis.
Nephrolithiasis (renal stone disease).
Acute hepatitis of infectious and toxic origin, fatty liver.
Individual intolerance or allergy to sulfonamides.
Intestinal obstruction (“volvulus”, ingestion of a foreign body).

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The official instructions for the drug note that it is not recommended to use Phthalazol and alcohol together, although there is no direct prohibition on this. Patients treated with Fthalazol say that drinking a small amount of alcohol during therapy can be done without any long-term consequences, but you should be skeptical about this, since the drug slows down the liver's processing of ethanol, and this can lead to unpredictable effects. The body, weakened by infection, will respond to alcohol intake by weakening its protective functions and immunity, which will lead to a protracted course of the disease.

Manufacturers do not give recommendations regarding the use of Phthalazol during pregnancy. This is due to the fact that extensive biological testing of the drug has not been carried out, and the effects it has on the body of a pregnant woman are unknown. In this case, the use of the drug is not recommended, and it is permissible only if the benefits of using the drug for the mother outweigh the possible harm to the fetus.

For a similar reason, doctors do not approve of the use of Phthalazole during breastfeeding. No one knows in what quantity the drug passes into breast milk, so it is difficult to predict possible harm to the baby.

Possible side effects

Despite the fact that Fthalazol is almost not absorbed, a small amount of the active substance can still affect the body in an undesirable way. Side effects are dose-dependent, that is, the higher the dosage the drug is used, the higher the chance of side effects occurring.

The instructions provide for the following side effects:

headache, insomnia, dizziness;
nausea, heaviness in the stomach;
sulfanilamide urolithiasis (with long-term use in large doses due to the excretion of Phthalazole from the blood by the kidneys and the formation of stones from its insoluble compounds in the urinary tract);
changes in the blood (anemia, eosinophilia);
hepatitis, cholangitis;
hypovitaminosis due to inhibition of normal intestinal microbial flora producing B vitamins;
allergic phenomena (urticaria, allergic stomatitis, erythematous rash).

If a patient using the drug experiences one of the above complications, it is recommended to change the drug.

Dosage and rules of administration

The instructions for use give the following instructions on how to take Fthalazol for diarrhea:

Treatment of acute dysentery: in the first 1-2 days, take 1 g of Phthalazole 6 times a day, on days 3-4 - 1 g 4 times a day, on days 5-6 - 1 g 3 times a day. 5-6 days after the end of this course, it is strongly recommended to repeat it in order to destroy the vegetative forms of pathogens that could survive after the first cycle of taking the medicine.
Other acute infections, including food infections: take 1-2 g per day with an interval of 4-6 hours for 1 week. At night, a break of 8 hours between doses is allowed.

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When calculating the dose, you must remember that one tablet contains 500 mg (0.5 g) of Phthalazole. Thus, if the instructions indicate to take 1-2 g of the drug, this means that you should drink 2-4 tablets. It is forbidden to take more than 2 g (4 tablets) at a time or more than 7 g (14 tablets) per day.

The following regimens have been developed for the treatment of children:

Treatment of dysentery in children under 3 years of age: give the child 250 mg (half a tablet) per kg of body weight for 7 days in 3 doses.
Treatment of dysentery in children over 3 years of age and under 12 years of age: from 500 to 750 mg of the drug 4 times a day.
For other infections in children: give 500 mg (1 tablet) of the drug for every 5 kg of the child’s body weight in equal doses with an interval of 4 hours and an 8-hour break at night. After 3-4 days, increase the interval to 6-8 hours.

Neither adults nor children should interrupt the course. If you do not adhere to this principle, you can worsen the course of the disease, since the bacteria will lose sensitivity to the medicine.

Analogues of the drug

It should be remembered that Fthalazol does not have the widest spectrum of antimicrobial action, and some pathogens have already developed resistance to the drug. If after starting the course of treatment there is no improvement within 5-6 days, then it is necessary to change the medicine. It is best to consult a doctor for this, and most likely he will choose one of these drugs:

Nifuroxazide;
Furazolidone;
Acetarsol;
Neomycin;
Chlorophyll in tablets.

It is prohibited to change medications on your own, since it is necessary to recalculate the dosage in an equivalent amount, which cannot be done on your own.

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Use of the drug in adults

If diarrhea is caused by dysentery, it is taken in two courses. The first course begins after the first symptoms appear:

For the first two days, take two tablets six times a day.
The next two days - two tablets four times a day.
Fifth, sixth day - two tablets three times.

The instructions for use advise taking the tablets with plenty of water, at least two glasses. Drink the medicine at regular intervals. Failure to take the drug disrupts the concentration of the active substance. Then the treatment will fail.

After a week, the treatment result is consolidated by a repeated course of phthalazole:

The first two days, two tablets five times a day.
The third and fourth days - four times.
Fifth day – one thousand milligrams three times.

Diarrhea caused by other factors

For the first three days, take four tablets every three hours, the next two days, two tablets every four hours. Sixth day – one tablet three times a day. When the diarrhea stops, after twelve hours you should stop taking the medication.

Dosage of the drug

Before using this medicine, you should make sure that there is no dehydration or intoxication of the body. These conditions are characterized by weakness, fever, repeated vomiting and loose stools (more than 8 times a day), pale skin. If at least one of the listed signs is detected, you should not take Phthalazol. You should consult a doctor, as dehydration is life-threatening.

The dosage and treatment regimen depend on the disease. In the case of a mild eating disorder, which is accompanied by diarrhea and moderate abdominal pain, Fthalazol is taken according to the following regimen: 1 tablet of 0.5 grams 3 times a day for no longer than three days.

For dysentery in children, the standard treatment regimen is presented in the table.

Children are allowed to use this drug only after three years of age. Some doctors recommend using Fthalazol earlier to treat intestinal diseases, as well as during teething, when the child puts many objects in his mouth. To prevent diarrhea, give your baby half a tablet 3 times a day for no more than 4 days in a row.

Dosage for adults.

At the onset of the disease, the average dose is 25-30 grams. The table shows the dosage depending on the day of illness.

After 5-6 days it is necessary to undergo a second course of treatment. The table shows the dosage by day.

A single dose should not exceed 2 mg, and the daily dose should not exceed 7 mg. Take the tablets 1 hour before meals with water. In this case, you should increase your daily water intake.

Use during pregnancy and lactation

During pregnancy, Phthalazole is rarely prescribed by doctors. This is due to the fact that the hypothetical threat to the fetus is greater than the benefit to the expectant mother. This drug is poorly absorbed into the blood and has a low level of toxicity, so it cannot directly affect the unborn child. But at the same time, Phthalazol has a direct effect on the mother’s body, which indirectly affects the child. There were no cases of termination of pregnancy after taking Phthalazole.

During lactation, taking the drug is permissible only in case of emergency, because the active substance can pass into breast milk. If the drug enters the child's body through breast milk, intestinal biocenosis may develop. Rarely, hemolytic reactions and kernicterus occurred.

Does your child have an intestinal disorder accompanied by diarrhea and deterioration in general health? Fthalazol tablets are an effective remedy that will help quickly remove diarrhea and prevent the negative consequences of colitis, toxic infection, dysentery and other undesirable conditions.

The modern pharmaceutical market offers many effective drugs for the treatment of diarrhea in children, but it is Phthalazol that has received well-deserved recognition among several generations of mothers and grandmothers, due to its affordable cost, the ability to purchase the drug without a prescription in any pharmacy, long shelf life and the absence of dangerous compounds in its composition, capable of harming the baby's health.

The drug Fthalazol belongs to the group of sulfonamides, which act exclusively in the gastrointestinal tract (rectum, intestinal lumen) and have minimal ability to be absorbed into the blood. The drug does not accumulate in tissues and is quickly eliminated from the body with feces.

The active substance of the drug can be integrated into the process of synthesis of folic acid, which is necessary for microbes for further life and active reproduction.

To ensure the destruction of all “pests,” experts recommend that children take Phthalazol for 5-7 days, since the action of the active components applies exclusively to microbial cells in the reproduction phase, without affecting those that are at rest. The drug has an anti-inflammatory effect on the body, preventing an increase in the concentration of leukocytes in the area affected by pathogenic microorganisms.

Composition, release form, storage

Phthalylsulfathiazole is the active ingredient of the drug, which is exposed to enzymes and breaks down into sulfathiazole molecules, an amino group and phthalic acid. The auxiliary components of the drug are potato starch, talc and calcium stearate.

Fthalazol for children and adults is produced only in the form of tablets; the children's form (gel, syrup, drops) is not produced by domestic pharmaceutical companies, which often causes complaints from parents of young patients. The shelf life is calculated from the date of manufacture and is 5 years.

It is important to know! The drug should be stored in a dry, dark place at temperatures up to +25°C. If the packaging is damaged, improperly stored, or after the expiration date, it is not recommended to take the drug due to the absence or low effectiveness of the therapeutic effect.

Is phthalazole an antibiotic or not?

It is immediately worth noting that the drug in question belongs to the group of sulfonamides, and not antibiotics. Despite the fact that the mechanism of action of such drugs is similar (they are built into the structure of microorganisms and disrupt metabolic processes in their cells from the inside), Fthalazol is not an antibiotic drug. Yes, this is also an antimicrobial agent, but of a different group. These tablets have a more limited spectrum of action, which is why they have recently been forced out of the pharmacological market by more universal broad-spectrum antibiotics, but despite this, in some cases sulfonamides still remain relevant and the most effective.

Mechanism of action

The main task of Phthalazol is to enter and settle in the intestines. After the active substance disintegrates, a chemical compound is released that can disrupt the synthesis of folic acid in the microbial cell. Without this substance, bacteria lose their ability to develop and reproduce. Given the ability of some strains of protozoa to get used to the components of the drug, when starting therapy, doctors prescribe a high dose of the drug. In order to destroy dormant microorganisms, the course of taking the drug must be at least a week.

For diarrhea

Diarrhea is an unpleasant condition usually caused by bacteria and viruses. It is enough to forget to wash your hands before eating or eat spoiled food for the gastrointestinal tract to rebel against a person. Of course, everyone who suffers from diarrhea immediately frantically runs to the pharmacy or sends their relatives there for medications that can save him from frequent trips to the toilet. One such remedy is Phthalazol. Reviews about it on the Internet, on the one hand, say that “the tablets have always helped,” “they help very well with diarrhea,” “this is an old, proven remedy for intestinal disorders.” But some, unfortunately, write that “there are cases when it does not work” about the drug. It turns out that each case is individual, and sulfonamide antibacterial tablets Fthalazol are far from a panacea for diseases of the stomach and intestines. If a person is thinking about treatment with the drug, it is better to start therapy after a medical consultation. Although it is cheap, widely available and effective in most cases, there are other medications that can help a person cope with problems and avoid negative consequences.

Pharmacological purpose of phthalazole

What is this medicine used for and what is its pharmacological purpose?

Photo: Microbes. Author: WhiteDragon/shutterstock

Eliminating germs and relieving inflammation are two of the most powerful functions of this product.

All medications containing sulfonamides, for their immediate purpose, are concentrated on providing a bacteriostatic effect. The compositions of folic and dihydrofolic acid existing in the body during their combined synthesis contribute to the emergence of favorable soil for the growth of various types of microorganisms, including harmful ones. It is to prevent such an accumulation of microbial cells that phthalazole is used: it disrupts the process of their synthesis and blocks the reproduction procedure of such bacteria, preventing them from spreading further throughout the body.

Moreover, in its anti-inflammatory purpose, phthalazole helps to reduce the content of leukocytes in the blood at the site of the lesion. Being the main participants in the excitatory process when the body is occupied by infectious foreign bodies, white blood cells provide an obligatory reaction to the invasion and accumulate en masse in this area. The use of phthalazole reduces their concentration, thereby extinguishing the source of irritation and providing an antiseptic effect.

After swallowing a tablet of this drug, its further path is determined by its entry into the stomach, where its components, when broken down, are practically not absorbed into the walls and enter the bloodstream in very small quantities. Thus, almost 90% of the decomposition products of the tablet, after passing through the gastrointestinal tract, are eliminated from the body through bowel movements, and only 10% are excreted along with urinary secretions.

Phthalazole is an effective drug for the treatment of diarrhea in childhood!

Fthalazol tablets are available in pharmacies without a prescription, but before taking the drug to treat diarrhea in children, it is advisable to consult with your doctor. For children under 3 years of age, the pediatrician will most likely recommend a similar drug with fewer contraindications and side effects.

Indications

It is reasonable to use the drug Fthalazol in the following pathological conditions:

Dysentery.
Ulcerative necrotic and ulcerative colitis.
Enterocolitis.
Infectious gastroenteritis.
Infectious and inflammatory processes in the intestines.
Complications after diagnostic and surgical interventions.
Foodborne toxic infections.
Dysbacteriosis.
Dysentery.
Salmonella.
Diarrhea of various etiologies.

In case of diarrhea, the antidiarrheal effect is observed 2-3 days after the start of taking the drug, which suppresses pathogenic microflora, normalizes water-salt metabolism and general indicators of the gastrointestinal tract. The use of the drug in some cases is prescribed before surgical operations on the intestines, which helps prevent complications of an infectious and inflammatory nature.

Contraindications and side effects

Instructions for use of Fthalazol tablets for children contain a number of contraindications, in the presence of which the drug should be abandoned in favor of more modern and safe analogues:

Individual intolerance to any active substances from the group of sulfonamides.
Hypersensitivity to the components of the composition.
Blood diseases.
Kidney failure, etc.

The effect of the drug on the body of children under 3 years of age has not been clinically studied, therefore the advisability of prescribing Phthalazole to the youngest patients is determined by the attending physician on an individual basis.

When taking Fthalazol tablets by children, the following side effects may occur (according to the manufacturer's instructions):

Headache.
Depression, dizziness.
Myocarditis.
Deterioration of blood composition.
Vomiting, diarrhea, attacks of nausea.
Swelling in the facial area.
Pneumonia and fever.
Skin rashes, etc.

In order to enhance the antimicrobial effect, Fthalazol tablets can be used in conjunction with antibiotics. The manufacturer's guidance contains a list of drugs that should not be taken together with drugs of the sulfonamide group. It is worth refraining from taking Phthalazol together with laxatives and enterosorbents, in order to avoid a decrease in the therapeutic effect.

How to take Fthalazol?

Fthalazol tablets are taken orally by swallowing whole, or after dividing into two or 4 parts according to the score. It is recommended to take the medicine with plenty of water (at least 1 glass!). If the child is unable to swallow the tablet, then it is allowed to grind it to a powder and dissolve it in warm water.

The dose of the drug is determined depending on the disease for which it is used in a particular case and the age of the patient. Detailed dosage information can be found in the instructions included with the medicine package.

Attention! When treating dysentery, it is allowed to take no more than 50-70 tablets for the entire course, which is equivalent to 25-30 grams of Phthalazole. The maximum single dose is 2000 mg, the daily dose is 7000 mg. For children weighing up to 10 kg, the daily dose should not exceed 5000 mg per day.

It is important to adhere to equal time intervals between taking Fthalazole tablets. It is allowed to take a night break of no more than 8 hours. On average, a course of treatment with Phthalazol lasts about 7 days. When using a medicine to treat diarrhea, the signal to stop taking it is if the child does not have diarrhea for 12 hours.

What can be replaced

There are also analogues of the drug Fthalazol, which can be used for diarrhea in children. Effective:

Levomycetin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic. Effective against most gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial pathogens. Prescribed for children over 3 years old. The principle of influence is based on inhibition of protein synthesis in bacterial cells. Available in the form of tablets and powder for injection.
Metronidazole – has antimicrobial and antiprotozoal effects. The medicine exists in the form of tablets, suspension and solution for injection. Discharged from birth. The course of treatment does not exceed 4 days.
Amoxicillin is an antibiotic belonging to the penicillin group. It is produced in the form of tablets, capsules, suspension and powder for injection. Under 10 years old - exclusively in the form of a suspension. Can be used from an early age.
Ciprofloxacin is an antimicrobial drug from the fluoroquinolone group. Used in pediatrics for patients older than 1 year. The drug effectively affects bacteria, both in active and dormant states. For young children, it is used exclusively on the recommendation of the attending physician under supervision.

In addition to antibacterial drugs and Phthalazol, it is important to use sorbents and probiotics to quickly normalize the condition of the gastrointestinal tract and restore immunity after diarrhea. Activated carbon, Smecta, Enterosgel, Enterofuril, Pangrol, Enterol, Laktovit, Bifidumbacterin are prescribed.

Reviews of phthalazole: advantages and disadvantages along with analogues

Phthalazole is one of the few long-standing and well-recognized methods of eliminating intestinal infectious diseases, but among the variety of new-fangled drugs, it is far from the first in terms of harmlessness, effectiveness and speed of stopping the source of the disease. More than half a century has passed since the release of the first package of phthalazole, and it is natural that pharmacy and laboratory representatives are experimenting with the development of the latest analogues of this medicine, gradually displacing the so-called veteran from the pharmacological market.

At the moment, the most common drugs, identical to phthalazole in the direction of action and the purpose of eliminating the disease, are the following medicinal analogues :

Nifuroxazide tablets are intended to eliminate pathologies such as diarrhea, colitis, enterocolitis, and intestinal dysbiosis;
white coal preparation - used as a food additive to relieve symptoms of poisoning, intestinal infections, diarrhea;
biltricide tablets - prescribed for manifestations of acute forms of various intestinal diseases;
biosporin agent - eliminates intestinal inflammation caused by the microorganisms of salmonella, shigella and various strains;
disol solution - used in cases of severe viral infectious intestinal disease, as well as at the initial stage of renal failure;
composition of endiaron - is used when pronounced changes occur in the biological balance of the intestinal flora.

In addition to the above-mentioned medicinal products, the drugs biseptol, sulotrim, sulgin, phthazin, and furazolidone are considered similar to phthalazole.

Despite the wide range of pharmacy choices, many people do not change the long-tested and studied medicine and use phthalazole in case of infection of the intestines with any microbe. Of course, positive consumer reviews are due to the fact that it has a number of advantages:

high degree of efficiency - phthalazole performs its functions systematically and efficiently, coping with all indications for the use of this product;
belonging to a low price category - for such a price anyone can purchase phthalazole tablets;
the ability to use without the effect of inducing a reflex habit - if the gastrointestinal tract is damaged, the drug can be used again and again - it will fully fulfill its purpose;
accessibility - unlike expensive and rare medicines, phthalazole is widely distributed in all pharmacies at different levels, from a metropolis to an urban village.

Speaking about the shortcomings, we can only put forward minor customer dissatisfaction, expressed in the following negative reviews about the drug:

some are not satisfied with the taste of phthalazole tablets;
due to their large size, they are difficult to swallow;
the course of treatment is relatively long.

Against the backdrop of the pronounced advantages of phthalazole, its disadvantages seem completely insignificant, which is why it continues to be actively in demand among the general public.

Interaction with other drugs

When using Phthalazole, it is necessary to take into account its compatibility with other drugs.

When interacting with other medications, the following effects are observed:

increased activity while taking barbiturates, para-aminosalicylic acid;
increased toxicity of diphenin, methotrexate;
increased activity and toxicity of salicylates;
increased risk of agranulocytosis when taking chloramphenicol, thioacetazone;
enhanced effect when combined with antibacterial therapy and well-absorbed sulfonamides;
decreased activity of oxacillin;
increased risk of anemia and methemoglobinemia when combined with nitrofurans;
enhancing the effect of indirect anticoagulants;
inactivation of antibacterial activity if medications containing para-aminobenzoic acid esters are used;
complete incompatibility with acids, acid-reacting medications, epinephrine solution, hexamethylenetetramine, laxatives, enterosorbents.

Alcohol should be completely avoided during treatment. The official instructions for Phthalazol do not reflect such a restriction, but diarrhea indicates disturbances in the functioning of the body, therefore, in addition to drug therapy, you should adhere to a certain diet and drinking regimen. This implies some restrictions and an absolute ban on a number of foods and drinks.

Side effects

Often, side effects when taking Phthalazole manifest themselves in allergies (rash, swelling, fever) or a severe lack of B vitamins in the body. If any allergic reaction occurs after using the drug, it is better to consult a specialist, he will recommend a gradual reduction in the daily dose of the drug or switch to another medicine with similar properties.

In the clinical pictures of the disease of different patients, cases of side effects occurring after the use of Phthalazole from different body systems are described:

System	Violations
Nervous	Headache, apathy, dizziness.
Cardiovascular	myocarditis, cyanosis.
Blood	Decrease in the number of leukocytes or platelets, agranulocytosis, destruction of red blood cells, aplastic anemia.
Gastrointestinal tract	Nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, diarrhea, gingivitis, gastritis, hepatitis.
Respiratory	Eosinophilic pneumonia
Urinary	Urolithiasis disease