Instructions for use of the antibiotic Bicillin-5 in ampoules and tablets - release form and contraindications

Effect of the drug

The active substance has an antibacterial effect against:

• Staphylococci, streptococci, enterococci, listeria, clostridia.
• Meningococcus, spirochetes.

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The antibiotic does not have antibacterial activity and is not used to eliminate diseases caused by:

• viruses;
• protozoa;
• rickettsia;
• fungi.

The mechanism of action is based on the process of inhibition of a specific strain, which is involved in the formation of the main active microelement of the cell wall. As a result, its strength is impaired, and harmful bacteria are eliminated.

The disadvantages of the active component are the following:

• instability to penicillins;
• slight absorption in the stomach;
• lack of positive effect against gram-negative sources of disease.

When treating infections caused by penicillin-sensitive microorganisms, potassium and sodium salts are used. But due to the short time period of their action and instant elimination, long-acting forms in the form of poorly soluble salts are also used.

Bicillin-5 injections are considered a combination of two poorly soluble salts. With the help of long-term dissolution, a depot is created at the injection site, which helps reduce the frequency of injections and maintain the content of the antibacterial agent in the plasma at the required level.

The main condition for prescribing the drug is maintaining effective concentrations of the antibiotic in the blood for a long time.

Composition and release form

Clinical and pharmacological group: antibiotic of the penicillin group, destroyed by penicillinase. The antibiotic Bicillin is available in the form of powder for injection:

• Bicillin-1 is a white, odorless or almost odorless powder that forms a stable suspension when water is added.
• Bicillin-3 is a white or white powder with a slightly yellowish tint that forms a stable suspension when water is added.
• Bicillin-5 is a white, odorless powder with a bitter taste, which forms a homogeneous suspension of milky turbidity when adding water, saline or 0.25–0.5% novocaine solution. With prolonged contact with water or other solutions, the physical and colloidal properties of the drug change (the suspension becomes uneven and difficult to pass through the syringe needle).

Bicillin 1 is absorbed into the blood after administration for quite a long time: it begins to act within three to six hours after administration, and the maximum concentration of Bicillin 1 in the blood is achieved within 12-24 hours. Bicillin 3 is also characterized by slow hydrolysis. After one application of Bicillin 3, the therapeutic concentration in the blood remains for six to seven days.

The fastest-acting is Bicillin 5. Its maximum concentration in the blood is observed immediately after administration and persists for 28 days. A small amount of Bicillin 5 is transformed and excreted by the kidneys. Bicillin 5 can pass into breast milk and through the placenta.

Compound

"Bicillin-5" is available in powder form for the preparation of a solution for intramuscular injection. The drug has a milky tint and a bitter taste. The medicine is dispensed in ten milliliter bottles. Country of origin: Russia.

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The composition of the preparation for preparing the solution includes:

• benzathine benzylpenicillin 1200 units;
• novocaine salt of benzyl penicillin 300,000 units.

The medicine belongs to the penicillin antibiotics, is produced naturally, and is sold exclusively with a prescription from a medical specialist.

Release form, composition and action

“Bicillin” (a natural antibiotic) is sold in the form of a powder, from which a suspension is prepared for intramuscular administration. There are several types of medications that differ in composition. "Bicillin 1" contains the main component - benzathine benzylpenicillin, obtained from a mold fungus and has a bactericidal effect on the microbial cell. Manufacturers produce a multicomponent type of drug - “Bicillin 3”. It additionally contains benzylpenicillin sodium and novocaine salts. The variety “Bicillin 5” is also presented. The principle of operation of the drug is to suppress the synthesis of the cell membrane and walls of microorganisms, thereby preventing the growth and reproduction of bacteria. The medicine has a long-term therapeutic effect, which allows long time intervals between doses.

Indications

According to the instructions for use, Bicillin-5 injections are used in the presence of infections caused by strains that are sensitive to penicillin, especially when prescribing long-term therapy, for example:

Price for Bicillin-5

Before diluting the powder, you need to buy it. The price in pharmacies starts from 650 rubles; in online pharmacies you can find a lower cost of this medicine. However, before purchasing Bicillin-5, the instructions for use must be studied with the utmost care. If we talk about Moscow and the region, here are the approximate prices for this long-acting antibiotic:

In what dosages should the drug be used?

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According to the instructions for use of Bicillin-5, adult patients and children from eight years of age are administered the drug once a month, children under eight years of age - once every twenty-one days:

• for adults, the standard dosage is 1,500,000 units;
• patients over eight years old - 1,200,000 - 1,500,000 units;
• for children under eight years old – 600,000 units.

The powder is diluted only before administration. How to dilute Bicillin-5? To prepare the solution, take water for injection, sodium chloride solution or novocaine. The resulting drug must be shaken well until a homogeneous mass is formed and administered intramuscularly.

Instructions for use of Bicillin-5

This medication is available in the form of an odorless white powder intended for the preparation of a medicinal solution. To do this, it is first dissolved with saline or novocaine, but strictly on the recommendation of the attending physician. The administration of the injection intravenously, endolumbarally or intramuscularly is determined by the characteristics of the specific clinical picture. Detailed instructions for use of Bicillin-5 tell you how to properly use this drug and what the specifics of the chosen antibacterial therapy are.

Composition of Bicillin-5

Treatment with this antibiotic is appropriate when a pathogenic infection occurs in the body. This representative of penicillins successfully fights streptococci, staphylococci, pneumococci, Proteus, treponema and other microbes from the list of gram-positive and gram-negative series. A stable therapeutic effect is ensured by the chemical composition of Bicillin, which places special emphasis on the activity of two components. In the instructions for use it is:

1. Benzathine benzylpenicillin. This synthetic compound productively destroys viruses, bacteria, and protozoa. Successfully treats many infectious and inflammatory diseases.
2. Benzylpenicillin novocaine salt. The substance enhances the therapeutic effect of the first active component, while also having analgesic and analgesic properties.

Indications for use

Before purchasing this medication, you should consult with your doctor to eliminate the risk of side effects. Indications for the use of Bicillin are described in detail in the instructions for use, and additionally specified by a specialist. Thus, according to the instructions, stable positive dynamics are observed in the following clinical pictures:

• syphilis;
• systematic attacks of rheumatism;
• rheumatoid arthritis;
• dermatitis of one of the varieties;
• yaws;
• streptococcal infections;
• acute tonsillitis, scarlet fever;
• wound infections on the skin;
• erysipelas.

Bicillin-5 injections can be given after preliminary diagnosis. The main goal of such an examination is to choose the right treatment regimen and eliminate the risk of developing an allergy to one of the synthetic components in the medicine. In the presence of any anomalies, it is possible that allergies will appear on the body and more. In this case, you will need to select a more gentle, but no less effective analogue of Bicillin-5, and study the instructions for use.

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Dosage

Permissible doses of medication are determined by the age characteristics of the patient:

• For the older generation, this is 1.2 million + 300 thousand units, which corresponds to the volume of one bottle of medicine.
• For school-age patients, this figure is 960 thousand + 240 thousand units, for children from 3 to 6 years old – 480 +120 thousand units. Inject Bicillin-5 solution subcutaneously, according to the instructions for use, once a month.

In order for the dosage of Bicillin-5 to be determined correctly, one bottle of powder is diluted in 5 ml of the prescribed solvent. Shake - and you get a suspension, which is drawn into a sterile syringe. It is necessary to inject subcutaneously in the following proportions: for adults - the entire volume of liquid, for schoolchildren - 4/5 of a bottle of Bicillin-5, for preschoolers - no more than 2/5 of a bottle.

The question of how to dilute Bicillin-5 for injection is decided individually. Alternatively, it could be novocaine, procaine, sterilized water, saline solution, sodium chloride solution. At the same time, the doctor provides a recipe for preparing the medicine, determines the method of its introduction into the body and the optimal zones. With strict adherence to medical recommendations and instructions for use, Bicillin-5 helps adults and children against all of these diseases.

Side effects

Before diluting the medicinal powder, it is important to become familiar with the negative consequences of its presence in the complex treatment regimen. Side effects of Bicillin-5 occur after just one dose and cause instability of the central nervous system and general malaise. After the first injection, the body's reaction can be very unpredictable. Here are the potential side effects from the instructions for use:

• abnormal laboratory parameters: anemia, leukopenia, hypocoagulation, thrombocytopenia;
• from the skin: anaphylactic shock, fever, urticaria;
• others: glossitis, stomatitis.

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Contraindications for use

The drug can be used for treatment or prevention, but there are known clinical situations in which its use is strictly contraindicated. These are relative and absolute contraindications for Bicillin-5, which somewhat limit the list of potential patients for such antibiotic treatment. It is important to know who is prohibited from giving injections. Contraindications for Bicillin-5 are as follows:

• hypersensitivity;
• pregnancy;
• breast-feeding.

The patient will have to reduce the daily dose in case of renal failure, as well as in case of predisposition to bronchial asthma. Monitoring treatment with Bicillin-5 solution is necessary during pregnancy, after diagnosis of pseudomembranous colitis. The drug has a Latin name, but in the Russian-language instructions you can always find all existing recommendations for use.

Side effects

If used incorrectly (that is, not following the instructions), Bicillin-5 can cause negative reactions, for example:

Bicillin preparations

One of the very first bicillins - Bicillin-1

For the purposes of bicillin prophylaxis, several drugs have been released, some of which are considered obsolete today. The most well-known means are:

• Retarpen based on benzathine benzylpenicillin;
• Extencillin is an analogue of Retarpen;
• Moldamine is also an analogue of Retarpen.
• Bicillin and Bicillin-1, the active ingredient of which is benzathine benzylpenicillin;
• Bicillin-3 based on three antibiotics - benzathine benzylpenicillin, benzylpenicillin and procaine benzylpenicillin;
• Bicillin-5 containing procaine benzylpenicillin and benzathine benzylpenicillin.

Of these, Retarpen and Extencillin are imported foreign-made drugs and are considered to be of higher quality and safer than Bicillin-1, Bicillin-3 or Bicillin-5. At the same time, the price of these funds is quite affordable and allows you to use them.

Extencillin is today considered the optimal bicillin for the prevention of complications of angina.

On a note

Bicillin-5 for angina currently does not meet the international pharmacokinetic requirements for drugs with a protective effect. In addition, in about a quarter of cases, the prevention of acute rheumatic fever and other complications of angina with its use is ineffective. This does not mean that Bicillin-5 should not be used at all. But this also means that if other drugs of choice are available, preference should be given to them.

Peculiarities

The drug has a number of special instructions for use:

In addition, microbiological tests must be carried out before starting therapy and for four months after it if syphilis is suspected.

To prevent the development of fungal diseases, it is important to take ascorbic acid and B vitamins. Using small dosages or completely canceling treatment before the established course can lead to the emergence of resistant viruses.

When using Bicillin-5 together with antibacterial agents that have a bactericidal effect, antibiotics increase the effect of the first drug, and those with a bacteriostatic effect reduce it. When using the medication, the effectiveness of tablet contraceptives decreases. Diuretic drugs, for example, allopurinol, phenylbutazone, reduce the excretion of ornidazole, resulting in an increase in its plasma content.

Compatibility

The combination of an antibiotic with Allopurinol leads to an allergic reaction.

A drug based on benzathine benzylpenicillin reduces the effectiveness of oral contraceptives and increases the therapeutic effect of indirect anticoagulants. When used together with diuretics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and phenylbutazone, tubular secretion decreases, resulting in an increase in the concentration of penicillins. The risk of an allergic reaction increases significantly when taking Bicillin and Allopurinol simultaneously.

Generics

"Bitsillin-5" has analogues in the form of various salts of benzylpenicillin produced in Russia. Other drugs based on penicillins are considered semi-synthetic substitute drugs that are resistant to penicillinase and have a wide range of antibacterial effects.

These are medications based on ampicillin and amoxicillin, available in the form of tablets and capsules. Analogues in composition:

Substitute drugs according to the spectrum of action:

Features of the use of this drug in different population groups

Children, pregnant women, and in addition, elderly people have their own physiological individual characteristics. Penicillins are not included in the list of teratogenic factors. But their use is highly undesirable. Therefore, there are strict instructions during pregnancy. This drug is prescribed only if the benefits to the mother far outweigh the risks to the developing fetus. Dosage is selected individually by the doctor, taking into account all the features.

The lactation period is a contraindication, since a small concentration of the drug passes into breast milk. This can cause allergic reactions or the development of resistance to bacterial flora.

It is recommended to prescribe only Bicillin-5 to such a contingent as children. The difference in dosage directly depends on age. For children from three to eight years old, it is recommended to administer 600,000 IU just once every three weeks. After the child reaches eight years of age, the dosage is doubled. It is recommended to administer 1.2 million IU every four weeks. It is allowed to increase the dose to 1.5 million units.

People over sixty years of age are recommended to reduce the adult dosage by half, since during this period the half-life process slows down, thereby enhancing pharmacodynamics.

"Amoxiclav"

The drug belongs to the antibiotics of a wide spectrum of influence. "Amoxiclav" is active against a huge number of bacteria, which are the sources of various infectious diseases. The medication is considered a representative of the therapeutic group of a combination of semisynthetic antibacterial agents of the penicillin series.

"Amoxiclav" is available in the form of tablets for oral administration, fourteen pieces per package. The main active microelements of the drug are amoxicillin.

The main components of the drug are absorbed from the intestines. Their plasma levels reach pharmacological levels within thirty minutes after taking the capsule; the maximum concentration is reached after approximately 120 minutes.

The cost of the drug is 100-700 rubles.

special instructions

Bicillin-5 can only be used in cases where it is known that the patient does not have hypersensitivity reactions to penicillin, because the drug ensures a constant flow of penicillin into the blood for a long time.

Patients who have experienced reactions unusual for the drug should be under constant medical supervision until the side effects completely disappear. In severe cases, appropriate therapy is prescribed (atropine 0.1% 0.5-0.6 ml, epinephrine 0.1% 1 ml, ephedrine 5% 1 ml, caffeine sodium benzoate 10%, ammonia).

"Augmentin"

A complex drug from the group of broad-spectrum antibacterial drugs, the structure of which includes the following active ingredients - amoxicillin and clavulanic acid.

The main microelement belongs to the rapid-response antibiotics of semi-synthetic origin, which has high therapeutic activity against most strains.

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Tablets are considered a long-term drug, which fundamentally distinguishes them from other amoxicillin-based medications. With this, the drug can be used to eliminate the source of pneumonia that is resistant to penicillins.

After the medicine penetrates inside, the active substances of Augmentin quickly dissolve and are absorbed in the stomach and intestines. The drug exhibits its maximum pharmacological effect when the patient takes the drug before eating. The main microelement of the drug is evenly distributed throughout all body systems - the chest and abdominal cavities, and enters bile, sputum, and purulent discharge. The cost of the drug varies from 120 to 380 rubles.

When are bicillins used for angina?

The main indication for the use of bicillin for angina is the suspicion of damage to the heart muscle by the pathogen, the risk of acute rheumatic fever or other complications - otitis media, laryngeal edema, phlegmon, sepsis. Bicillin prophylaxis is carried out here to prevent the development of these diseases. In these situations, bicillin continues to suppress and destroy the bacteria that caused the sore throat, but for a long time, preventing the infection from reoccurring.

Heart pain is a common consequence of untreated sore throat.

At the same time, bicillin prophylaxis after tonsillitis is prescribed mainly in the absence of clear symptoms of complications. If reactivation of the infection has already occurred and symptoms of complications are obvious, the doctor may replace bicillins with other antibiotics. The prescription of a specific remedy takes into account the specifics of a particular case.

On a note

A typical example of prescribing bicillin after a sore throat is given on one of the forums: the doctor prescribed Flemoxin for 5 days for a three-year-old girl with a sore throat. At the end of the illness, tests showed characteristic changes in the composition of the blood, and a cardiogram showed signs of damage to the heart muscle. The cardiologist prescribed three injections of bicillin-3.

Analysis of this situation looks like this:

1. 5 days of antibiotics for a sore throat is too short a period. Flemoxin suppressed the infection, but did not completely destroy it, and bacterial toxins remained in the blood;
2. After the heart was damaged, its performance indicators changed, which is what the cardiologist discovered;
3. Bicillin-3 was prescribed in order to completely eliminate streptococcal infection and protect the child from lifelong rheumatism.

With rheumatic heart disease, various defects can develop. Mitral valve stenosis is one of them.

In addition, bicillin can be prescribed in rare cases of gonococcal tonsil infection. The normal area of ​​use of antibiotics in this group is the treatment of gonorrhea and syphilis. There are known cases of tonsils becoming infected with these infections during oral sex with sick partners. Tonsillitis itself in this case looks like a typical lacunar tonsillitis, and the doctor may suspect an unusual disease only on the basis of secondary signs and his own intuition. This disease is not a typical sore throat, and doctors call it gonococcal tonsillitis.

On a note

Gonococcus, which causes gonorrhea, and Treponema pallidum are quite successfully destroyed by almost all antibiotics used against typical sore throat. Treponema pallidum retains high sensitivity even to simple penicillin, to which almost all the most common microorganisms have managed to develop resistance. For this reason, even if the doctor mistakes a gonococcal infection for a typical sore throat, the result is still positive - antibiotics successfully destroy the pathogen.

Gonococcus Neisseria gonorrhoeae - the causative agent of gonorrhea

Bicillins are used much less frequently for the treatment of sore throat, including in children. This is due to the fact that all bicillins are introduced into the body intramuscularly, which is difficult from an organizational point of view and frightens many patients (especially children). At the same time, today there are many antibiotics for oral administration that are not inferior and sometimes even superior to bicillins in digestibility and effectiveness. And the rate of disappearance of pathogens after starting to take bicillins is inferior to that when using other antibiotics.

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The main advantage of using bicillins for sore throat is the ability to cure the disease with just 1-2 injections.

In other words, it is easier and more effective to treat a sore throat with antibiotics in the form of tablets, and bicillins are used after the illness to prevent the development of complications. However, in some situations bicillins may be necessary:

1. If only a single injection is possible. For example, when the patient’s inability to comply is obvious or the doctor does not have the opportunity to meet with him again;
2. During outbreaks of tonsillitis in crowded groups - military units, boarding schools;
3. If the patient is unable to take medications independently (for example, if the patient has lost consciousness).

Today, many doctors introduce into their practice a mandatory single injection of bicillins upon completion of the main antibiotic therapy. This approach is completely justified and allows us to reliably protect the patient from complications.

This is interesting

According to WHO, it was the introduction of bicillin prophylaxis into medical practice after a sore throat that made it possible to reduce the number of cases of repeated rheumatic attacks by more than 10 times.

Opinions

As a rule, positive reviews about Bicillin-5 in most cases talk about its high effectiveness at a low price. The antibacterial agent is characterized as practically non-toxic, noting its prolonged action. Patients who have been injected with the medicine are warned that injections must be carried out with extreme caution and with special medical skills.

In addition to positive reviews, there are also negative ones, for example, people talk about the pain of injections and the deterioration of intestinal microflora.

Source

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Mode of application

The injection algorithms differ slightly for different types of animals, but in general they have the same sequence of actions:

1. First, you need to pierce the stopper and cap that closes the bottle with a needle, and inject 7-10 milliliters of water for injection or isotonic NaCl solution inside it.
2. If desired, you can also dilute the drug with lidocaine or novocaine for an additional analgesic effect.
3. Then shake the bottle thoroughly to form a homogeneous suspension.
4. The animal is fixed in such a way that it cannot injure itself or the person performing the manipulation during the injection.
5. Then they begin direct intramuscular injection of the drug, most often into the femoral muscle of the animal.
   Important! This manipulation can be performed by any unqualified person, but it is better to entrust this to a veterinarian who thoroughly knows the anatomy of the animal and is able to adequately calculate the dosage of the drug required for it.
6. If during the manipulation it turns out that the needle has entered the main vessel (this can be checked by pulling the syringe plunger towards you - if blood is actively flowing into it, then you have entered the vessel), you must remove the needle and repeat the injection.

Simultaneous use

In a situation where alcohol and Bicillin-5 have already entered the body at the same time, increased attention should be paid to the patient’s condition. If you experience any unpredictable symptoms, you should immediately consult a doctor.

If you feel worse, do not try to block developing symptoms with other medications. They can come into conflict with the drug being taken and provoke the dynamics of the condition for the worse!

A professional approach is required to select means of stabilizing the condition. Also discuss with your doctor whether you will need to adjust your bicillin dosage regimen due to what happened.

After completion of treatment, the drug continues to circulate in the patient’s blood for some time. Consequently, even after the end of treatment, the risk of complications from drinking alcohol remains.

Attention! How long after you can drink alcohol again depends on how long it will take to completely remove the medication: you need to abstain from alcohol for about a week after a single injection and about 3 weeks after a course of injections.

Bicillin 3 indications for use

First of all, Bicillin is prescribed in case of suspected pathology of the heart muscle, acute rheumatic lesions or other complications of angina - ear infections, swelling of the throat, sepsis. Medicine is necessary to stop the development of the disease and rid the body of infectious agents. Bicillin, like any other antibiotic, destroys pathogenic organisms. However, due to the long period of action, the possibility of relapse is eliminated.

Prevention with the drug is more often carried out if the clinical manifestations of the disease are ambiguous. The obviousness of the type of complication arising from angina requires a review of treatment. Often in such cases, the attending physician prescribes other medications that are effective against specific pathologies.

The drug can be prescribed for throat infection with gonococcal infection.

Treatment of tonsillitis without complications, especially in children, in most cases occurs without the use of medication. The main method of administering Bicillin for angina is injection. This is a complex and extremely unpleasant procedure. At the same time, it is possible to replace injections with the tablet form of other medications.

The main advantage of the drug is the short treatment period. One or two injections will be enough to treat pathologies and complications in most cases.

Pharmacological effect

Before using a drug, you need to understand how it affects the patient’s body. To do this, the pharmacological effect of Bicillin is studied in detail.

Pharmacodynamics

The medicine has a bactericidal effect, which allows the synthesis of mucopeptides in the cell membrane. Thanks to this, it is possible to quickly eliminate viruses and bacteria that can cause diseases.

Pharmacokinetics

When using Bicillin, its components penetrate into muscle tissue and gradually accumulate in them. The amount of microelements in the injection mixture increases quite quickly, and therefore the effect of its use is noticeable after 1-2 hours.

Overdose

Patients who do not comply with the recommended dosage often show signs of overdose. Taking the medicine in large quantities is very dangerous for humans, as this can lead to complications.

Common ones include periodic headache, nausea, unpleasant abdominal pain, vomiting, disturbances in the functioning of the nervous system, and arthralgia.

If any of the signs of overdose appear, you should stop injecting and begin treatment. To get rid of complications, water and electrolyte balance is restored.

Pharmacological group

Bicillin-5 is an antibiotic drug of the penicillin group with a prolonged effect. Destroyed by the enzyme penicillinase. The mechanism of the therapeutic action of drugs is to disrupt the production of peptidoglycan, which is a vital mucopeptide of the microorganism cell membrane. This leads to the suppression of cell wall synthesis, which in turn inhibits the growth and reproduction of pathogenic microflora.

The drug exhibits pronounced activity against the following gram-positive bacteria: Streptococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp., (which do not produce the penicillinase enzyme), Bacillus anthracis (anthrax bacillus) and Corynebacterium diphtheriae (diphtheria corynebacterium).

Gram-negative bacteria, fungi, viruses, rickettsia and protozoa are resistant to the effects of Bicillin-5.

The therapeutic concentration of the drug in the blood is observed in the first hours after intramuscular administration of the drug and can persist for 28 days.

What is Bicillin used for?

For a person who plans to use such a tool, it is very important to figure out exactly when to use it. Only after studying the indications for the use of Bicillin can you begin treatment.

Doctors recommend using injections to eliminate infectious pathologies caused by microorganisms that are sensitive to the drug. These include:

• scarlet fever;
• aggravated form of tonsillitis;
• yaws;
• syphilis.

Injections also effectively fight infections caused by streptococci:

• rheumatism;
• rheumatic fever;
• wound infections.

Special conditions

It is recommended to understand in advance the special conditions for using the product so that no problems arise during treatment. When using injections, adhere to the following recommendations:

• The drug cannot be administered intravenously or subcutaneously. With this method of administration, complications arise, due to which vision deteriorates and the feeling of anxiety increases.
• Before injection, aspiration is performed. This procedure helps prevent the needle from getting into the blood vessels.
• Before giving an injection, serological tests are carried out. Such studies are carried out before treatment of syphilis.

Dosage

The dosage of Vetbitsin-5 should be selected for each animal individually, taking into account its constitutional characteristics, weight, age and previous history of taking various antibiotics.

However, in general terms, the patterns of use of this drug in different representatives of domesticated fauna can be reduced to the following figures:

• cattle - up to 50,000 units per 1 kilogram;
• small cattle - up to 20,000 units per 1 kilogram;
• horses - up to 20,000 units per 1 kilogram;
• pigs - up to 20,000 units per 1 kilogram;
• fur-bearing animals - up to 60,000 units for each animal;
• rabbits - up to 20,000 units for each animal;
• birds - up to 100,000 units per 1 kilogram;

Pharmacological properties

The spectrum of action of this antibiotic on flora is limited primarily to gram-positive microorganisms and is generally similar to the spectrum of action of classical penicillin.

It includes: anaerobic spore-forming bacteria, streptococci, staphylococci, as well as a number of gram-negative pathogens: actinomycetes, neisseria and treponema. The mechanism of action on pathogens is based primarily on disruption of the synthesis of peptidoglycan, one of the main components of the wall of microorganisms.

As a result of this, single-celled pathogens lose their ability to live due to the inability to maintain the integrity of their structure.

In addition, the drug has bacteriostatic properties, which means that bacteria are unable to actively and quickly move, as a result of which it loses the ability to reproduce and dies before it can produce offspring.

The drug inhibits the synthesis of carboxypeptidases and mucopeptide, which also contributes to the rapid destruction of bacterial cells.

"Vetbitsin-5" is predominantly administered intramuscularly, immediately after which its active absorption into the bloodstream begins, where it exhibits its active therapeutic effect within 7-12 days. Excretion of the drug occurs mainly through urine and to a lesser extent through feces.

Find out what diseases cats and dogs can get.

Side effects

No side effects on the animal body were detected during testing of the drug when the recommended dosages were administered.

However, according to the existing regulations on the use of antibacterial drugs, it is not allowed to eat meat from animals that have received such therapy within 2 weeks from the date of their last administration.

Milk obtained from cows that have been administered Vetbitsin-5 is not allowed to be used in the food industry or consumed by humans for one week from the date of the last administration of the drug.

However, after heat treatment (boiling), such dairy products are allowed to be used for feeding livestock.

It is also possible that the animal may develop a specific allergic reaction in response to the administration of the drug, which will manifest itself in increased symptoms of the underlying pathology, the appearance of skin irritations and ulcers at the injection site and a deterioration in the general condition of the animal.

In this case, it is recommended to administer antiallergic drugs and isolate the animal for a while so that it does not injure its relatives.

Interaction with other drugs and alcohol

Sometimes Bicillin is used for complex treatment of pathologies. However, before doing this, you will have to become familiar with its interactions with other medications.

The drug combines well with bactericidal antibiotics, which include aminoglycosides and cephalosporins. The injections are also compatible with anticoagulants, the effectiveness of which increases when used together. Doctors do not recommend using Bicillin together with oral contraceptives, as they make the drug less effective. It is also contraindicated to combine the medicine with alcoholic beverages.

Side effects

Bicillin may cause stomach upset, vomiting, and diarrhea. If the animal's appetite has decreased, there is no need to force it to eat. Negative symptoms may disappear during treatment.

The following reactions are rare:

• rash;
• swelling;
• fever;
• swelling around the muzzle;
• arrhythmia;
• loss of consciousness;
• suffocation.

These signs in dogs indicate the development of an allergic reaction; you should immediately contact your veterinarian . Yeast and other secondary infections may occur as a result of antibiotic use.

Prevention of rheumatism

Complications of rheumatic attacks include acquired heart defects, pathology of the joints, and nervous system. But is it possible to prevent the development of this disease? And what to do if the diagnosis of “rheumatism”, albeit in remission, is already in your outpatient record?

1Prevention is the basis of health

Currently, the trend towards preventive medicine in medical work is increasing.

In outpatient clinics, prevention departments are being expanded, preventive examinations are being conducted among the healthy population, and local service doctors are striving for 100% dispensary coverage of people with chronic diseases. But it is much more important when the person himself makes a choice in favor of health and disease prevention.

Prevention of diseases is divided into primary - when a person seeks to avoid pathology, as well as secondary - when the disease is in remission, or has been transferred to history, and the patient tries to avoid relapse. What is the prevention of rheumatism?

2Primary prevention

To answer the question “how to avoid getting rheumatism?”, you should imagine what causes the development of the disease. Rheumatism or acute rheumatic fever is a complication of streptococcal infections.

A sore throat not treated with antibiotics, past flu on the legs, frequent purulent sinusitis, foci of chronic infection in the nasopharynx, untreated carious teeth... These are all foci where a streptococcal infection can nest, and with a certain tendency to develop the disease, lead to rheumatic damage to the body.

Rheumatism is a serious disease of the musculoskeletal system, cardiovascular and urinary systems.

It refers to those pathological processes that are easier to prevent than to treat.

Currently, WHO protocols describe primary and secondary prevention of rheumatism for patients of different age categories.

What preventive measures include and their features

Contrary to popular belief, rheumatism is not an age-related pathology. The majority of patients are girls aged 7 to 15 years. Hemolytic streptococcus provokes the development of an inflammatory process in the joints and heart.

This representative of the pathogenic flora is most often present on the mucous membranes of the nasopharynx. When the immune system is functioning normally, the bacterium does not manifest itself in any way. After suffering from an acute respiratory infection, sore throat, pharyngitis.

Streptococcus is activated and affects the joints and heart.

Features of the complex of preventive measures are as follows:

1. Rheumatism is not transmitted from person to person, as it is a complication of the primary bacterial process. If several cases of the disease are diagnosed in one team during the same period, then it is recommended to administer the drug Bicillin once in age-specific dosages for all those in contact with patients.
2. Preventive measures are divided into 3 levels - primary, secondary and tertiary. Methods have different goals and means to achieve them.

Types of prevention

There are 3 levels of preventive measures to prevent the development of rheumatic fever, inflammatory processes in the heart and joints.

Classification and definition:

1. Primary prevention of rheumatism is a set of preventive measures to prevent the development of the disease in an initially healthy child or adult.
2. Secondary prevention of rheumatism is a set of measures to prevent relapse of the disease, transition to a chronic form in a patient who has already been ill.
3. Prevention of complications of rheumatism or tertiary – carried out during treatment of the underlying disease. Aimed at preventing the development of carditis and nephritis.

Primary

Primary prevention for rheumatism includes several large groups of measures:

1. A variety of effects aimed at strengthening the body's immune defense. This includes hardening, thorough diagnosis, high-quality and complete treatment of nasopharyngeal diseases caused by infectious agents - pharyngitis, tonsillitis, caries, gingivitis. According to indications, antibacterial drugs are used in complex therapy.
2. Compliance with hygiene rules in large children's groups. This also includes isolation of a sick child, high-quality and competent patient care.
3. Medicinal methods aimed at both the treatment of infections caused by streptococci and preventive measures during the development of an epidemic in a particular community.

Preventive drug therapy is carried out only with a confirmed diagnosis of rheumatism in several members of the same team and on a voluntary basis. Bicillin is indicated as the drug of choice in dosages appropriate to the patient’s age.

Effective doses of the drug:

• Bicillin-1 – children over 7 years of age and adults – 1200 thousand units;
• Bicillin-1 – children under 7 years old – 600 thousand doses;
• Bicillin-5 – children over 7 years old and adults – 1500 thousand units;
• Bicillin-5 – children under 7 years of age – 750 thousand units of the drug.

It is advisable to carry out such prevention for persons suffering from private and chronic diseases of the upper respiratory tract, and for pregnant women.

Secondary

Secondary prevention of rheumatism in adults and children is a long-term process. It is aimed at preventing the development of relapse of the disease and its complications. The method of secondary prevention is long-term administration of long-acting antibiotics.

Effective dosages of various medications:

1. Extensillin – administered once every 21 days. For children weighing less than 25 kg, the prescription of 600 thousand units is indicated, more than 25 kg - 1.2 million units. For adult patients, the effective dosage is 2.4 million units.
2. Bicillin-1 - dosages are similar to Extencillin, but injections are carried out once a week.
3. Bicillin-5 - recommended 1.5 million units once every 21 days. But at present, doctors are trying not to prescribe this drug, since there is no clinically proven data on the quality prevention of rheumatism when using it.

Standard recommendations are as follows:

• Patients without signs of carditis, but with previous inflammatory processes in the joints and chorea - at least 5 years after the first episode of the disease or until they reach 18 years of age. The principle of “whichever is longer” is used.
• Patients who have had myocarditis or pericarditis, but without signs of heart disease - at least 10 years or upon reaching 25 years of age.
• For patients with developed heart disease, including those undergoing surgery, throughout life.

Tertiary

This set of measures is carried out during acute respiratory infections, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, and after surgical interventions on the nasopharynx. It includes a short course of antibiotic therapy with penicillin or cephalosporin drugs.

Contraindications

The main contraindication to use is individual intolerance to the components. You should pay attention to a history of allergies to sulfonamides and cephalosporins. They have a similar structure and operating principle.

It should not be taken by patients with bronchial asthma and hay fever, during lactation. Particular attention should be paid to patients suffering from other allergic diseases (hay fever, food and contact allergies). The medicine is prescribed with caution to pregnant women, patients with chronic renal failure and pseudomembranous colitis.

Alcohol is also prohibited. If acetaldehyde enters the body, the effect of the drug is minimized or may be distorted. This will slow down the achievement of the desired result and increase the risk of developing resistance.

Drug analogues

Similar means are used when Bicillin is contraindicated. There are two drugs that have the same therapeutic effect.

"Zitrox"

Used to eliminate infectious processes affecting the respiratory organs, as well as the skin and soft tissues. The daily dosage is 500 mg, taken after meals.

"Amizonchik"

To cure ARVI or flu, you can use Amazon. The medicine is taken three times a day in the amount of 50-60 mg. The course of therapy lasts one and a half weeks.

Storage conditions and shelf life

It is necessary to familiarize yourself with the nuances of storing the product so that it does not deteriorate too quickly. Rooms with temperatures of twenty degrees Celsius are suitable for storing bottles of powder. Too high or low temperature significantly reduces the shelf life of Bicillin.

The shelf life of the medicine is three years.