Rules for treating gastritis with drugs in adults and children

When a person suffers from gastritis, he usually feels pain in the epigastric region, cramping in the abdomen, and nausea. The abdomen becomes bloated, belching and discomfort appear after eating. In this situation, a person seeks to find suitable tablets for gastritis to reduce pain and discomfort.

Typically, patients who have suffered from chronic gastritis for many years already know how to treat gastritis and what tablets for gastritis will help relieve pain, reduce nausea and normalize digestive processes.

If a patient has clinical signs of gastritis for the first time, experiments with self-prescription of drugs cannot be carried out! Before starting treatment and making decisions on the choice of medications, it is recommended to undergo a full examination; based on the results of the studies, the gastroenterologist will prescribe comprehensive treatment and prescribe medications for gastritis.

Gastritis - what is it?

The disease gastritis manifests itself in the form of an inflammatory process of the gastric mucosa. This type of inflammation reduces the normal functioning of the organ and leads to weakened human well-being.

Gastritis can disrupt the normal level of microflora and very often contributes to an increase in the level of hydrochloric acid, which leads to the formation of erosion and unpleasant symptoms.

Gastritis can take several forms:

• Initial – during which the patient does not feel strong symptoms, and the disease most often goes away on its own;
• Acute gastritis - symptoms manifest as severe pain and interfere with the digestion process;
• Chronic – the disease tends to arise and disappear on its own. Most often, this type cannot be treated.

In the absence of the necessary type of treatment, the disease can develop into more complex types of diseases and pose a threat to human life.

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Gastroprotectors

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To treat gastritis, doctors use gastroprotectors, which help protect the gastric mucosa by forming a thin film on the surface of the lining of the digestive system. It is advisable to use gastroprotectors in cases where the risk of destruction of the stomach walls by hydrochloric acid increases.

This group of medications is made on the basis of tripotassium dicitate. In addition to protective properties, medicines are endowed with antibacterial properties. The duration of the course of treatment is developed individually by the attending physician, but should not exceed 60 days. It is unacceptable to take gastroprotectors during pregnancy and breastfeeding, in the presence of hypersensitivity and kidney diseases.

De-nol, which has protective properties combined with a high level of activity against pathological bacteria Helicobacter pylori

The best gastroprotectors for treating the disease today are:

• De-nol, which has protective properties combined with a high level of activity against pathological bacteria Helicobacter pylori. De-nol promotes the formation of a film in the gastric mucosa and perfectly relieves the symptoms of gastric disease. Such mechanical protection is most active in the area of ​​localization of ulcerative lesions. Patients who take the medicine have noted its high effectiveness. The components that help cure gastritis effectively cope with their task.
• Sucralfate, based on aluminum salt and sucrose. The components, reacting with hydrochloric acid in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), form a protective polymer of increased resistance. It is unacceptable to take gastroprotectors in combination with antacids and in cases of decreased acidity of gastric juice. If you do not follow these recommendations, you may damage the integrity of the polymer film. Patients leave good reviews about treatment with this drug. With its help you can overcome not only diffuse gastritis, but also ulcers.

Treatment with drugs selected independently can harm your health!

Symptoms of gastritis

The disease gastritis can manifest itself with various symptoms, which depend on the individual characteristics of the person.

The most common types of symptoms are:

• abdominal pain;

• 
  feeling of heaviness after eating food;

• frequent heartburn;
• belching with a bitter taste;
• vomiting after eating;
• stomach upset;
• increased level of gas formation;
• lack of appetite;
• coating on the tongue.

Patients most often feel a sharp pain after eating; pain symptoms are spasmodic in nature and can disappear on their own and recur with renewed vigor.

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Signs and symptoms

The first signs of gastritis include moderate pain localized in the upper abdomen under the ribs. In addition, the patient develops heartburn, often feels nauseous, and loses his appetite completely.

A separate sign of gastritis can be considered unstable, constantly changing bowel movements with irregular bowel movements, bloating, belching, severe diarrhea, or, conversely, constipation.

The disease in its chronic form does not manifest itself as clearly as acute gastritis with attacks of sharp pain, as well as vomiting/nausea, and can be practically asymptomatic for months and even years. The only indicator in this case is discomfort in the stomach, lack of appetite, as well as a broken/depressed state of the body.

Summarizing all of the above, we can identify the main symptoms of the disease.

For high acidity:

1. Heartburn.
2. Pain syndrome in the epigastric region.
3. Belching with a sour smell.
4. Vomiting and nausea.
5. Constipation.

For low acidity:

1. The urge to vomit, mainly in the morning.
2. Rumbling stomach and periodic stool disorders.
3. An unpleasant coppery taste in the mouth and a significant decrease in appetite.

Causes

A large number of reasons contribute to the occurrence of stomach disease:

1. Poor nutrition.
2. Frequent fasting.
3. Bad habits.
4. Long-term use of drugs.
5. Heredity.
6. Increased levels of bile, which is released into the digestive organs.
7. Reduced amount of vitamins that enter the human body.
8. Autoimmune diseases.

Also, inflammation of the gastric mucosa can occur as a result of consuming low-quality products that contain a large number of additives and chemicals.

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Chronic

Often this gastritis is manifested by increased acidity, pain, heartburn, and stool disorders. Helicobacter pylori is detected during a biopsy of the mucous membrane after an endoscopic examination, during a breath test, and when the titer of antibodies in the blood increases. With proper treatment, the microorganism can be cured.

Sometimes the cause of the disease is the reflux of the contents of the duodenum into the stomach. At the same time, bile acids contained in duodenal juice damage the mucous membrane. Lysolecithin, an ester of glycerol and fatty acids contained in pancreatic juice, also has a harmful effect on the gastric mucosa.

Is it possible to cure chronic gastritis without examination? It is impossible to prescribe medications blindly, without determining the acidity of the stomach and identifying Helicobacter pylori.

Treatment of chronic gastritis

Only a gastroenterologist can advise on the correct treatment. You cannot self-medicate; you will need to visit a doctor and undergo a proper examination.

Complex treatment includes the prescription of antibacterial drugs, drugs that normalize the secretion of gastric juice, and drugs that normalize gastrointestinal motility.

General principles of treatment

When gastritis occurs, the following treatment principles are most often used:

• reduction of pain symptoms in patients;
• reducing the process of inflammation in the stomach;
• restoration of gastric microflora;
• eliminating the causes of the disease;
• an integrated approach to the process of eliminating gastritis;
• maintaining proper nutrition.

During the treatment of gastritis, it is recommended to follow a certain type of diet and increase the intake of vitamins and minerals.

Folk remedies

Before using traditional medicine methods to treat ulcers and gastritis, you should definitely consult with your doctor, since their effects can lead to a decrease in the effectiveness of medications used at the same time, as well as worsen the patient’s well-being.

It is very useful to treat ulcers by taking a mixture made from brewer's yeast. To do this, take a teaspoon of yeast and mix it with two teaspoons of honey. The resulting product is infused for 24 hours. This mixture is taken on an empty stomach, and then a new portion is prepared. This method should be treated for two weeks.

Medicines for gastritis and ulcers

To eliminate the disease, use a complex type of therapy, which consists of the following groups of medicinal substances:

• antibacterial;
• painkillers;
• anti-inflammatory;
• antibiotics;
• antisecretory drugs;
• antacids;
• gastoprotective substances;
• group of antisecretory substances;
• restoring the gastric mucosa;
• preparations for restoring microflora in the digestive organs.

To carry out quality treatment, you should seek help from qualified specialists to prescribe a complex therapy regimen individually for each patient.

Depending on the complexity of the disease, additional types of drugs may be used, the effect of which is aimed at improving the patient’s well-being and eliminating the burden on the digestive organs.

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Medicines used for inflammation of the gastric mucosa

Therapy for gastritis is carried out with the aim of normalizing the secretion of perchloric acid in the stomach. Depending on whether there is a decrease or increase in stomach acid secretion, the doctor’s prescription of medications also depends. There is no universal remedy for the treatment of gastritis, and it is not possible to invent it.

If the acidity of the stomach is low, then doctors prescribe gastric juice (either natural or artificial). It is necessary to drink it during meals, the dosage is measured very strictly. This juice contains hydrochloric acid, which is necessary for the stomach, as well as a number of enzymes that help digestion.

If the acidity is normal or increased, then antacid drugs are prescribed. Some of the most common are “Vicair”, “Rennie”, “Maalox”, “Almagel”. Medicines that block the release of hydrochloric acid are also often used. The most common representative in this category of drugs is Ranitidine.

Review of the best drugs for gastritis

There are a large number of medications that are taken to treat gastritis. However, for the correct use of medicinal substances, it is necessary to undergo a diagnosis, which will reveal what type of disease it is.

Drugs are divided into drugs that are prescribed for low acidity or high acidity of the stomach.

Antacids

A group of drugs that affect the walls of the stomach and reduce the secretion of hydrochloric acid, which contributes to the destruction of the mucous membrane. Prevents the occurrence of complications and reduces unpleasant symptoms of pain and heaviness.

The drugs have the property of inhibiting excessive secretion of gastric juice and improving the digestion process.

• Maalox - the drug has a gentle effect on the digestive organs, prevents excessive secretion of hydrochloric acid and eliminates the symptoms of the disease. It is a widely used remedy against gastritis and peptic ulcers of the digestive system. It is recommended to use as prescribed by your doctor. Price 200 rubles ;
• Rennie - a substance prescribed to reduce high levels of acidity in the digestive organs. The drug has a gentle effect and does not cause side symptoms that negatively affect the digestion process. Price 250 rubles ;
• Gaviscon - the drug is aimed at reducing the level of acidity in the digestive organs and is prescribed for various diseases, including gastritis and gastric ulcers. The substance is not absorbed by the stomach, which allows for a gentler treatment without affecting the rest of the digestive organs. Price 160 rubles .
• Gastal - is prescribed to reduce the amount of hydrochloric acid in the digestive organs. Proper use has an anti-inflammatory effect on the body. Price 200 rubles .

Maalox

Rennie

Gaviscon

Gastal
The antacid group of drugs is a mandatory type of medication that is prescribed for the treatment of gastritis.

Antisecretory

A group of substances whose action is aimed at blocking the excessive secretion of gastric juice by inhibiting the functioning of receptors in the digestive organs.

They reduce the negative effects of acids on mucous membranes and prevent the occurrence of inflammation.

• Ranitidine - a substance that affects receptors, thereby reducing the secretion of gastric juice, which in large quantities can negatively affect the condition of the digestive organs. The effects of the drug will facilitate the digestion process. Cost 50 rubles ;
• Famotidine - the substance quickly penetrates the cells of the stomach and reduces the secretion of hydrochloric acid, blocking secretion channels, balances the level of gastric juice secretion and speeds up the digestion process. Cost 60 rubles .
• Cimetidine is a substance that reduces the secretion of hydrochloric acid and helps ease the functioning of the digestive system. Used in complex therapy for the treatment of gastritis. Cost 70 rubles .

Ranitidine

Famotidine

Cimetidine
The use of antisecretory drugs reduces the risk of further progression of the disease and accelerates the process of regeneration of the mucous membrane.

Proton pump inhibitors

Agents that affect the digestive organs and completely block the release of hydrochloric acid. They are most often used for complex types of diseases, during which antisecretory drugs do not have the necessary effect.

• Omeprazole - the substance quickly penetrates the cells of the stomach and blocks the formation of hydrochloric acid. It is prescribed strictly on the recommendation of the attending physician. Cost 120 rubles ;
• Nexium - is prescribed in cases of digestive diseases such as gastritis and stomach ulcers. Allows you to normalize the secretion of gastric juice and improve the digestion process. Price 150 rubles ;
• Gastrozol - the drug reduces the level of acids in the digestive organs and blocks the destruction of the gastric mucosa. Used on the recommendation of the attending physician against stomach ulcers and gastritis. Price 80 rubles .

Omeprazole

Nexium

Gastrozol
It is not recommended to use drugs in this group for a long time. The dosage is determined depending on the personal characteristics of the human body and the degree of progression of the disease.

Anticholinergic drugs

The drugs are aimed at reducing hydrochloric acid in the stomach and preventing the formation of unpleasant symptoms after eating food.

• Gastrocepin - the action of the substance blocks muscarinic type receptors. Increases the natural flora of the stomach and reduces the secretion of gastric juice. Price 280 rubles ;
• Venter is prescribed to relieve the symptoms of gastritis and stomach ulcers. Can be used at various stages of progression, as well as to prevent recurrence of the disease. Price 300 rubles ;
• Gaviscon - used to eliminate unpleasant symptoms, as well as to reduce acidity in the digestive organs. Produced in convenient chewable tablets. Price 180 rubles .

Gastrocepin

Venter (Sucralfate)

Gaviscon
Correct prescription of medications is carried out only after undergoing appropriate diagnostics.

Antibacterial drugs

Antibacterial substances are used for cases where gastritis occurs as a result of damage to the mucous membrane by bacteria that cause inflammatory formation. They are used only in complex therapy, depending on the complexity of the disease.

• Tetracycline – has the property of quickly eliminating harmful microorganisms. At the same time, without destroying the natural balance of the digestive organs. It is recommended to use only after prescription by the attending physician. Cost 70 rubles ;
• Metronidazole - the drug has a general antibacterial effect on the entire human body. The drug is used in complex therapy with antibiotics as prescribed by the attending physician. Price 150 rubles ;
• Amoxicillin - quickly penetrates the layers of the stomach walls and spreads throughout the body; it is not suitable for long-term use. Prescribed for the treatment of bacterial gastritis and ulcerative formations in the digestive organs. Price 120 rubles .

Tetracycline

Metronidazole

Amoxicillin
Antibacterial drugs for diseases of the digestive system are prescribed for each patient individually after conducting the necessary type of examination.

Antibiotics

Drugs belonging to the group of antibiotics speed up the healing process and have the property of destroying harmful microorganisms that destroy the walls of the stomach.

This group of drugs is most often prescribed for patients whose disease progresses rapidly or is accompanied by acute unpleasant symptoms.

• Clarexide is an antibiotic with a wide spectrum of effects on the human body. Allows you to reduce unpleasant symptoms and eliminate harmful microorganisms. Not suitable for children. Price 90 rubles ;
• Amoxiclav - the drug belongs to a group of antibiotics that are quickly absorbed and distributed through the bloodstream throughout the body. Allows you to eliminate a large number of different harmful microorganisms and improve the patient’s condition. Price 130 rubles ;
• Doxycycline , a substance of the tetracycline group, is used when it is necessary to carry out antibacterial treatment for various diseases. Not suitable for long-term use, it allows you to quickly reduce the number of harmful microorganisms and block their further formation. Price 50 rubles .

Amoxiclav

Doxycycline
The use of antibiotics tends to disrupt the natural microflora and cause a large number of side symptoms.

The drugs are not used for long-term treatment and require prior consultation with a medical specialist.

Gastroprotectors

The drugs are used to protect the mucous membrane of the digestive organs to eliminate the formation of inflammatory processes.

In addition, the drugs contain substances that coat the walls of the stomach and prevent damage to them by external irritants that enter with food and are excreted by the body.

• De-nol - the drug actively begins to interact after contact with gastric juice, and accelerates the process of digestion of food. After entering the body, it forms a kind of film that protects the digestive organs from external factors. Price 350 rubles ;
• Vikalin - the drug increases the natural protective processes of the digestive organs. This allows you to reduce unpleasant symptoms and speed up the recovery process. Price 160 rubles ;
• Sucralfate is a drug prescribed for gastritis, which is accompanied by high acidity. It has protective properties and prevents the effects of acids on mucous membranes. Price 360 ​​rubles .

De-Nol

Vikalin Venter (Sucralfate)
The use of drugs in this group is mandatory for all types of gastritis. Since protecting the mucous membrane allows you to reduce the further development of the disease and prevent the formation of complications.

Antispasmodics and analgesics

Drugs in this group are used for symptoms of pain and burning in the digestive area. Antispasmodics are recommended to be used to eliminate spasms, which can have varying intensity and manifest themselves at all stages of gastritis.

Analgesics are aimed at eliminating pain and alleviating unpleasant symptoms. It is recommended to use only when necessary, when pain occurs after eating food.

• Drotaverine - used for sharp spasmodic pain of varying intensity. Does not require regular use, can be used strictly when necessary. Cost 40 rubles ;
• Papaverine is a drug prescribed for long-term treatment. Used to prevent frequent spasms that occur with chronic gastritis. Price 80 rubles ;
• Ketanov - the drug is used when necessary to reduce pain symptoms that occur with gastritis. Not suitable for long-term use. Price 120 rubles .

Drotaverine

Papaverine

Ketanov
Painkillers are used to eliminate unpleasant symptoms and improve the patient’s well-being. They are not used over a long period of time and tend to be addictive.

Wound healing

In complex therapy for the treatment of gastritis, it is recommended to use drugs that have a healing effect and promote rapid restoration of the mucous membrane.

• Solcoseryl - aimed at rapid cell restoration and is used to treat gastritis and ulcers. Price 300 rubles ;
• Methyluracil - is prescribed to reduce the inflammatory process and activate the natural processes of regeneration of damaged areas. The duration of drug treatment is determined by a medical professional individually for each patient. Price 70 rubles ;
• Actovegin - enzymes of the substance restore and protect the walls of the stomach from the effects of negative factors and acids. Prescribed intramuscularly on the recommendation of the attending physician. Price 340 rubles .

Solcoseryl

Methyluracil

Actovegin
The use of wound-healing substances helps to quickly eliminate symptoms and reduce the risk of complications.

Sorbents

The use of sorbent drugs reduces the negative impact of toxins on the digestive organs. The use of medicinal substances removes toxic compounds naturally and reduces the load on the stomach.

• Activated carbon is used at all stages of gastritis development. It has a high level of removal of toxins from the body. Cost 6 rubles ;
• Smecta - improves the digestion process due to an increased level of food digestion. Prevents the formation of toxins that release toxic substances that negatively affect the functioning of internal organs. Price 50 rubles per dosed sachet;
• Enterosgel - removes harmful compounds and reduces the likelihood of harmful microorganisms that destroy the walls of the stomach. Price 320 rubles .

Activated carbon

Smecta

Enterosgel
Preparations with a sorbing effect have a wide spectrum of action and prevent the negative effects of other types of medicinal substances on the patient’s body.

Means for normalizing gastric motility

Substances for normalizing gastric motility are aimed at accelerating the process of processing food and reducing the deposition of toxins.

They stop the digestive system and help reduce unpleasant symptoms.

• Motilium - the drug relieves the feeling of heaviness and pain after eating food. Accelerates the digestion process and improves intestinal function. Produced in convenient lozenges. Price 400 rubles ;
• Cerucal - the action of the medicinal substance is aimed at increasing the contraction of the stomach muscles, thereby increasing the motility of the organ. Regulates the production of gastric juice and reduces the formation of slag deposits. Price 370 rubles ;
• Motoricum - a substance that reduces excessive gas formation and eliminates the unpleasant symptoms of nausea and stomach pain. Suitable for long-term use and does not cause many side symptoms. Price 150 rubles .

Motilium

Cerucal

Motoricum
The use of drugs to normalize motility is mandatory at all stages of gastritis treatment, regardless of the severity of the disease and the degree of progression.

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Medicines for gastritis with high acidity

Hyperacid gastritis is characterized by an excessively increased function of gastric secretion. The disease is accompanied by frequent heartburn, nausea, vomiting, and sometimes acid belching can be bothersome. To eliminate symptoms and restore normal digestive function, gastroenterologists prescribe anti-inflammatory drugs with enveloping properties. Good medications for hyperacidity gastritis should:

• reduce the production of gastric juice;
• eliminate irritation of the mucous membrane;
• reduce stomach cramps;
• anesthetize.

Antacid medications are used to neutralize hydrochloric acid. Rennie's drug contains magnesium and calcium carbonate as active ingredients. The drug restores damaged areas of the mucous membrane, neutralizes acidity, increases mucus production, the purpose of which is to prevent further damage to the lining of the stomach. Take 1-2 tablets when unpleasant symptoms occur. The drug is well tolerated, but can occasionally cause allergies. Analogs of Rennie for indigestion - Alumag, Gastal.

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) help reduce stomach acidity. They work for a long time. A popular PPI is Omeprazole. It blocks the final stage of acid formation and reduces stimulated secretion of gastric juice. The effect occurs almost instantly and lasts throughout the day. The standard dosage is 1 capsule per day. The only disadvantage of Omeprazole is the large list of side effects. Because of this, the drug is often replaced with analogues: Famotidine, Omez, Omitox.

For severe stomach cramps, painkillers help - No-shpa, Atropine, Difacil, Eglonil. Caleflon is used to heal ulcerative lesions of the mucous membrane. The drug fights harmful substances, reduces the acidity of gastric juice, and relieves inflammation. Available in the form of tablets, which must be taken after meals, 0.1-0.2 g three times a day. After taking Caleflon, you may experience bitterness in the mouth and a burning sensation in the epigastric region.

Vikair tablets have proven themselves to be a good antiseptic with astringent properties. An inexpensive medicine reduces acidity in gastritis, reduces the activity of pepsin, enveloping the stomach with a protective film. Take tablets after meals 3 times a day, 1-2 pieces. The main advantage of the drug is the minimum of side effects. Of the negative reactions, only temporary staining of stool in black is possible.

Acidity in gastritis

With gastritis, a disturbance in the normal level of acidity may occur. Acidity changes both up and down.

With low acidity, experts recommend the use of drugs that increase the acid level to the required level.

Such drugs speed up the process of breaking down food and increase the secretion of acid into the gastric juice, due to which the functioning of the stomach is normalized and unpleasant symptoms are reduced.

It is much more difficult to carry out treatment with an increased level of acidity , since this type of disease tends to progress quickly and manifest itself with complications.

The treatment procedure consists of the following types of treatment of the problem:

• the use of special drugs that help reduce acid secretion;
• the use of substances to eliminate harmful microorganisms;
• regular monitoring of acid levels;
• compliance with special nutrition;
• the use of substances to speed up the process of digesting food.

This treatment most often lasts for several months. During this period, the patient must regularly undergo examinations and undergo the necessary types of tests.

Which doctor should I consult for gastritis?

The formation of unpleasant symptoms in the abdominal area can be caused by a different number of diseases.
Therefore, patients are recommended to initially contact a therapist, who will prescribe general diagnostic tests.

After gastritis is detected, the patient is redirected to a gastroenterologist, who will conduct a full diagnosis and prescribe the necessary type of treatment.

In some cases, the patient must additionally visit a nutritionist, who will prescribe the correct type of dietary nutrition in accordance with the diagnosis indicated by the gastroenterologist, however, the course of treatment will be monitored by the latter specialist.

Alginates in the treatment of gastritis

The effects of alginates are similar to the principle of action of antacids. The interaction of the constituent drugs with hydrochloric acid helps reduce the acidity level. As a result of such a reaction, a gel is formed, aimed at performing a protective function that envelops the mucous membrane.

Alginates are used to treat gastritis with high acidity levels. It is best to use medications for therapy whose main component is sodium alginate. It is unacceptable to use alginates in children under 12 years of age, as well as in persons with hypersensitivity and phenylketonuria.

Detection of gastritis

To identify gastritis, it is not enough to analyze the symptoms of the disease; the patient must undergo certain types of diagnostics to prescribe the correct type of treatment:

• Ultrasound of the digestive organs can reduce the likelihood of progression of another type of disease;
• taking an antibody test - with the help of this type of diagnosis it is possible to determine the stage of the disease;
• blood test - used to detect the presence of an inflammatory process in the human body;
• antigen test - carried out to identify the type of bacteria in the body;
• analysis for cancer formations;
• test to detect acidity in the stomach.

If necessary, a specialist can prescribe additional types of diagnostics that will allow us to fully establish the course of the disease and eliminate unpleasant symptoms.

Advances in medicine

One of the most important achievements in the field of medicine in the twentieth century was the discovery of the causes that provoke the development of gastritis and gastric ulcers. It turned out that it is not only a matter of diet, stress and nervous disorders, but also of microbes that enter the human body. For this discovery in 2005, Australians B. Marshall and R. Warren received the Nobel Prize.

The main culprit of these pathologies turned out to be a bacterium such as Helicobacter pylori. Penetrating into the human stomach, it begins to multiply rapidly, after which it fills the mucous membrane. Such bacteria contribute to its destruction, and subsequently also to the gastric walls. An inflammatory process occurs, intensified by the influence of hydrochloric acid in the gastric juice, which gains access to the affected area due to the destruction of the mucous layer, which acts as a protective layer. Thus, gastritis develops, and it, in turn, can serve as the starting point for peptic ulcer disease.

Forms and types of gastritis

The main forms of gastritis are acute and chronic. These types of diseases differ from each other in the intensity of the disease. The acute form of the disease is manifested by a large number of symptoms and responds quickly to medications.

While the chronic form may occur with mild symptoms that gradually increase in intensity. Most often, it is the chronic type of gastritis that causes complications and contributes to the development of the disease into a more complex form.

Gastritis can be of the following types:

• with high acidity;
• with normal acidity in the stomach;
• with low acidity.

Only a specialist can correctly determine the degree of acidity using the results of the examination.

https://youtu.be/hMCjlKZWeLs

Acute gastritis

The disease acute gastritis can manifest itself in different forms.

Catarrhal form

Catarrhal form - manifests itself in the form of an inflammatory formation on the gastric mucosa, which swells and can in some places form thickenings and compactions of various types.

Manifested by the following symptoms:

• swelling of the skin;
• stomach ache;
• lack of appetite;
• the presence of blood particles in the stool;
• allergies (if gastritis is caused by allergic factors);
• burning sensation in the stomach area.

This type of disease rarely affects the deep layers of the stomach walls, however, it can progress to more complex stages and increase unpleasant symptoms.

Fibrinous gastritis

Fibrinous gastritis - most often manifests itself as a result of viral diseases such as scarlet fever. It manifests itself as necrosis of the gastric mucosa, can affect deep layers and develop into complex forms.

Symptoms:

• vomiting with mucus;
• stomach ache;
• weakness;
• lack of appetite;
• stool disorder.

This form of gastritis destroys the mucous membranes of the stomach and promotes their detachment.

Phlegmous gastritis

Phlegmous gastritis - the disease manifests itself by deep penetration into the layers of the walls and the formation of an infection with pus. The walls of the stomach increase in thickness and cause unpleasant symptoms.

Symptoms:

• vomit;
• pain and burning;
• increased body temperature;
• admixtures of pus and mucus in the stool.

This type of gastritis is bacterial, and can gradually affect other types of organs in the absence of timely treatment.

Necrotizing gastritis

Necrotic - occurs as a result of increased levels of toxins in the stomach. This type of gastritis is manifested by the death of parts of the stomach.

Symptoms:

• vomiting with blood;
• increased viscosity of saliva;
• coating on the tongue;
• pain in the stomach area.

This type of gastritis is the most complex and may not respond to treatment for a long time.

https://youtu.be/gVYCTxlou9Q

Chronic gastritis - forms

The disease chronic gastritis is also divided into different forms.

Helicobacter gastritis

Helicobacter gastritis - manifests itself as a result of infection with bacteria that cause inflammation and contribute to the formation of damage to the mucous membrane.

Symptoms:

• nausea;
• vomit;
• stomach upset;
• sharp pain.

The disease may not show symptoms for a long time and gradually affects healthy organs.

Autoimmune gastritis

Autoimmune - a form of gastritis that is very rare. Experts have still not been able to accurately determine the reasons that contributed to the formation of the disease. The human body promotes the release of cells that absorb healthy ones in the stomach area, which leads to the appearance of destroyed areas on the mucosa.

Symptoms:

• pain;
• stomach upset;
• disruption of the digestive process.

This type of gastritis is difficult to treat and can cause additional types of symptoms.

Chemically mediated form

Chemically mediated form - the disease manifests itself as a result of the release of acids from the gallbladder into the stomach. This type occurs as a result of the accumulation of a large number of toxic compounds in the body.

Symptoms:

• coating on the tongue;
• weakness;
• bowel dysfunction;
• mucus impurities in stool;
• pain in the abdomen.

If treatment is ignored, sections of the stomach walls die, as well as deep cell damage.

Idiopathic gastritis

Idiopathic gastritis - the disease has no obvious symptoms. It can appear suddenly, with the walls of the stomach becoming loose and forming small ulcerative lesions, which are accompanied by the release of blood fluid. The reasons for the manifestation of such a disease are unknown to specialists.

Eosinophilic gastritis

Eosinophilic gastritis - occurs as a result of penetration into the digestive organs of substances to which the body develops an allergic reaction.

Symptoms:

• vomit;
• diarrhea;
• intestinal obstruction;
• gas formation.

The walls of the mucous membranes swell and become inflamed; after an allergen enters the body, gastric motility increases, resulting in an accelerated digestion process. Which leads to the accumulation of food and the release of excessive amounts of gastric juice.

Granulomatous gastritis

Granulomatous gastritis - manifests itself as a complication of other types of diseases, such as Crohn's disease, tuberculosis. Manifested by symptoms of pain and vomiting with blood. In the absence of timely treatment, it can destroy the walls of the stomach and lead to mycosis.

https://youtu.be/xP0zn0v-3wQ

Other forms of gastritis

In addition to the main forms of gastritis, experts distinguish the following types:

• Radiation gastritis - manifests itself as a result of exposure to radiation that is elevated to an acceptable level;
• Lymphocytic - occurs as a result of damage to the mucous membrane by foreign particles. Most common in old age;
• Multifocal - occurs as a result of low acidity in the stomach, resulting in damage and death of cells in the area of ​​the digestive organs.

These types of gastritis are very rare and can appear without the first signs of disease development.

Drug treatment of gastritis

To determine how to treat gastritis and what medications to use, doctors first conduct a comprehensive diagnostic examination. There are many types and forms of gastritis, so the therapeutic process may vary. Treatment involves multidirectional action - several groups of drugs are prescribed simultaneously. The dosage, frequency of administration and duration of treatment are determined individually and exclusively by a specialist.

Drug treatment of gastritis with high acidity

Gastritis with high acidity requires the prescription of drugs that reduce it.
Gastritis with high acidity requires the prescription of drugs that reduce it. Excessive production of hydrochloric acid negatively affects the mucous membrane of the organ, causing injury and erosion. This only aggravates the course of the disease and delays the treatment process. Drugs that reduce acidity not only reduce the aggressive effects, but also reduce the pain associated with this process. Treatment of gastritis with high acidity involves the use of the following drugs:

• hydrogen pump blockers – Omeprazole;
• H2-histamine blockers – Ranitidine, Famotidine;
• antacids - Almagel, Gastal, Maalox;
• anticholinergics – Atropine, Metacin;
• combination drugs – Vikalin, Rother.

Drug treatment of gastritis with low acidity

Treatment of gastritis with low acidity involves replacement therapy to normalize the digestion process. To compensate for the lack of gastric juice, hydrochloric acid and Polyphepan are used. This helps reduce pain and relieve the patient from the feeling of constant heaviness in the stomach. Among the medicines used, it is necessary to highlight the following tablets for gastritis:

• Acidin-pepsin;
• Enzistal;
• Abomin;
• Penzital.

Gastritis during pregnancy

During pregnancy, treatment of gastritis must be carried out with extreme caution. Since many types of drugs are not used during pregnancy.

For women, antibiotics and antimicrobial drugs are not used; in individual cases, they are used only in cases of urgent need.

Most often used:

• No-spa - prescribed to eliminate pain and spasms. Use strictly when necessary. Price 140 rubles ;
• Mezim - improves the digestion process and promotes an increased level of motor skills. Reduces unpleasant symptoms such as bloating and pain after eating food. Cost 160 rubles ;
• Linex - is prescribed to restore microflora and eliminate harmful microorganisms. Price 210 rubles .

No-shpa

Mezim

Linex immuno
For cases where the disease progresses slowly, experts recommend that pregnant women use dietary nutrition to reduce unpleasant symptoms, as well as herbal decoctions that do not affect the development of the fetus.

Medicines for stomach pain

Pain syndrome accompanies all acute and chronic gastritis in the acute phase. To relieve pain caused by spasms, antispasmodics are taken:

• No-shpa, Drotaverine;
• Papaverine;
• Halidor;
• Phenicaberan.

To eliminate muscle pain, take 1 tablet once. The daily quantity should not exceed 4 pieces.

It is possible to relieve pain during exacerbation of gastritis by using complex antacids with an analgesic effect:

• Almagel A;
• Gastrofarm;
• Becarbon.

If acute pain occurs due to gastritis, it is necessary to urgently call emergency medical care for subsequent treatment in a hospital.

Gastritis in children

Most often, the disease manifests itself at the age of 6 years, when the child begins to actively develop. The reasons may be various factors.

For children, they most often use:

• Smecta - used as prescribed by a doctor. Has a sorbing effect on the body. Price 50 rubles per sachet;
• Famotidine - used for acute symptoms of the disease. Affects the secretion of the stomach, due to which there is less secretion of gastric juice. Price 70 rubles ;
• Festal - refers to enzymatic types of drugs. Reduce unpleasant symptoms and improve the digestion process. Price 210 rubles .

Smecta Famotidine

Festal
To treat children, it is necessary to follow a dietary diet that normalizes the natural processes of regeneration of the digestive organs. You should also saturate your body with useful minerals and vitamins.

https://youtu.be/IlHq4j08q0E

Acid-reducing drugs

If the concentration of hydrochloric acid in gastric juice is higher than normal, therapy should be designed taking this feature into account.

No. 1. Almagel A

Price – 300 rubles. The medicine acts as an anesthetic, disinfectant, and healing agent. For gastritis, it is taken in a course (1-3 months) to cope with high acidity. The drug envelops the mucous membranes, creating a light film. In addition, it removes toxic substances, reduces flatulence, and prevents the re-development of inflammation. After suppressing the main signs of the disease, it is advisable to periodically carry out prophylaxis by taking the drug for 2 weeks three times a year.

No. 2. Omeprazole

Price – 70 rubles. The antisecretory agent suppresses the production of hydrochloric acid, eliminating the negative effect on the gastric mucosa. Omeprazole is an essential drug, so it must always be kept in the first aid kit. The duration of the therapeutic course is determined individually. As a rule, doctors prescribe a dose for 1-2 months (2 capsules daily). This medicine is aimed at getting rid of not only gastritis, but also stomach ulcers. Moreover, the drug is given even to children starting from the age of 5 (calculate the dosage by weight: from 5 to 20 mg per day).

No. 3. Gastrohil with chamomile extract

Price – 90 rubles. The drug helps reduce acidity levels by suppressing the production of hydrochloric acid. Against this background, basal secretion also decreases. In order to prevent exacerbation of gastritis and peptic ulcers, the medicine is taken for six months, 1 unit per day. For treatment, a different therapy is selected, it lasts 1-2 months. If the test for Helicobacter pylori is positive, then a short-term course lasting 1 week is possible.

The effect of diet on gastritis

Dietary nutrition can reduce the load on the stomach. Properly selected products do not affect acidity and do not deposit waste and toxins in the body.

Proper dieting restores the functioning of the digestive organs and does not irritate the mucous membranes. During the treatment of gastritis, adherence to dietary nutrition is a mandatory type of therapy.

Treatment of reflux gastritis

To protect the mucous membrane from the alkaline contents of the duodenum during reflux gastritis, Bismuth citrate is recommended, taken 240 mg twice a day. Sucralfate, which has the ability to bind bile acids, is used to treat chronic gastritis. The drug is prescribed four times a day, 500-1000 mg.

Medicines that reduce secretion are used - proton pump inhibitors, antacids. Ursofalk is used to bind acids. In case of stool disturbances, means that normalize motility and antispasmodics are used. Gastritis can be completely cured no earlier than a month of therapy.

Treatment with traditional methods

To treat the inflammatory process of the gastric mucosa, various traditional medicine methods are often used, which reduce unpleasant symptoms and improve the digestion process.

The most commonly used:

1. Chaga mushroom . To prepare such a solution, pour a spoonful of chopped mushroom into a glass of boiling water and leave for two hours. Use 100 g daily. duration of treatment until symptoms disappear completely.

2. Potato juice – improves stomach function and reduces unpleasant symptoms. Only fresh potatoes are used that have not been subject to winter storage. It is recommended to consume 50 grams daily. juice before meals. Duration of treatment is up to 14 days.
3. Sea buckthorn oil contains a large amount of vitamin E, which has restorative functions. Use one teaspoon to a teaspoon once a day. The duration of treatment is at least 30 days.

The use of traditional treatment methods for gastritis is only suitable for eliminating the disease in the initial stages. To achieve the fastest results, it is necessary to use an integrated approach to solve the problem.

https://youtu.be/rgd5kYVAyrU

Enzyme preparations

To improve digestion and eliminate dyspeptic symptoms: heaviness, bloating after eating, increased gas formation, nausea, enzyme medications are prescribed. These include:

• Creon;
• Pancreatin;
• Mezim;
• Panzinorm;
• Festal.

These medications should be taken 1 tablet 3 times a day with meals. Prescribing enzymes makes sense only in the presence of dyspeptic symptoms: a feeling of discomfort and heaviness in the abdomen after eating, belching.

Prevention

To prevent the formation of gastritis, it is recommended to follow the following preventive methods:

• maintain proper nutrition. Avoid harmful foods that negatively affect the state of the digestive system;
• use quality food products;
• avoid prolonged fasting.

Follow the diet:

• do not overeat;
• reduce bad habits;
• chew food well;

Promptly treat all diseases that may contribute to the formation of inflammation in the digestive organs.

Antacid tablets

https://youtu.be/DDqLcHLuhGU

Patients with gastritis are prescribed antacids for treatment, which are recommended to be taken after meals. The effect of the medicine in this case will last for 3-4 hours. And if you take the tablet on an empty stomach, its effect will not last even 40 minutes.

To increase the effectiveness of therapy, the specialist prescribes the patient to take medications that have enveloping properties. Such tablets for gastritis of the stomach make it possible to form a protective layer in the mucous membrane of the digestive system. This helps reduce the degree of irritation of the stomach walls from various external influences.

The most effective antacids include:

• Rennie;
• Vikalin;
• Maalox;
• Gaviscon;
• Almagel.

Rennie is considered the most effective medicine with the simplest possible system of action . After taking the drug, the hydrochloric acid contained in the stomach begins to react with magnesium and calcium carbonate, which are part of Rennie. Neutralization of acid is observed within 4–5 minutes after administration. As a result of the interaction of the components, neutral salts and water appear, which leave the body through the kidneys and intestines.

Rennie is considered the most effective medicine with the simplest system of action

Vikalin is a combined type drug that has an astringent, antacid, antispasmodic and antacid effect. Vikalin can be taken only after meals . No side effects were observed during testing of the antacid. A minor drawback can only be an increasing number of bowel movements in the first day after taking the medication.

Maalox is a modern antacid that helps neutralize free hydrochloric acid without causing secondary acid hypersecretion . Due to an increase in pH levels, the peptic activity of gastric juice decreases. Maalox is also considered an adsorbent with an enveloping effect.

After taking it, the impact of damaging factors on the mucous membrane is significantly reduced. Often prescribed for chronic gastritis. Gaviscon is made on the basis of hyaluronic and mannuric acid. Acids, after interacting with hydrochloric acid, cause the development of a chemical reaction that promotes the formation of alginic acid. protecting the mucous membrane of the digestive system.

Almagel is prescribed for the symptomatic treatment of ailments of the digestive tract, which are accompanied by an increase in the acidity of gastric juice and an increase in the level of gas formation. Almagel can be prescribed both for independent use and for combination therapy together with other medications in the presence of stomach ulcers, gastritis and duodenitis.

Reviews

Gastritis is a complex type of disease that, if not properly treated, can cause a large number of complications. It is not recommended to self-medicate and use medications without the recommendation of your doctor.

During the treatment period, adherence to dietary nutrition and saturation of the body with useful vitamins play an important role.

Marina Maksimova

Gastroenterologist, Candidate of Medical Sciences and editor of articles at gastro911.com. For more than 10 years I have been helping to recover from gastrointestinal diseases.

Drugs against ulcers

Therapy for gastric ulcers is determined both by the patient’s age and his general condition, and the location of the damage to the mucosa. It should be remembered that you cannot prescribe antiulcer drugs to yourself. You also cannot trust the constantly haunting advertising on TV, listen to friends who also had an ulcer, and they were able to recover from it with the help of some miracle medicine. Such manipulations can only cause harm. The treatment regimen for gastritis and stomach ulcers and medications will be completely suitable for one patient, but not for another.

Chronic gastritis

Chronic gastritis is a long-term inflammation of the gastric mucosa, accompanied by changes in its structure and dysfunction of the stomach. Exacerbation of chronic gastritis alternates with periods of remission - times when the symptoms of the disease weaken or completely disappear.

Chronic gastritis occurs in 50% of the adult population. It accounts for 50% of all diseases of the digestive tract and 85–90% of stomach diseases.

Classification of chronic gastritis

The first classification of gastritis was proposed in 1973 by Rg Strickland and JR Mackay. It included 3 main types of disease, divided according to the reasons for their development (gastritis types A, B and C, as well as pangastritis - a combination of gastritis A and B).

In 1990, the Sydney classification was adopted. In it, decisive importance was given to the etiology of gastritis, morphological changes in the structure of the coolant, as well as their localization. In 1994, the Houston classification of chronic gastritis was adopted, which was only a modification of the Sydney one: the key role was still assigned to the causes of the disease, the degree of damage to stomach cells and the localization of the inflammatory process.

The Sydney and Houston classifications do not affect the clinical and functional symptoms of chronic gastritis. They do not contain information about the stages of the disease and complications of the inflammatory process in the coolant.

1. Modern classification was proposed in 1996. According to her, the disease has 3 types:
   Superficial gastritis.
2. Chronic atrophic gastritis.
3. Special forms (granulomatous, giant hypertrophic, radioactive, reactive, eosinophilic, lymphocytic).
4. By localization of the inflammatory process highlight:
   antral gastritis;
5. gastritis of the body of the stomach.
6. Functionally highlight:
   Gastritis with low acidity (with moderate or severe secretory insufficiency of the stomach).
7. Gastritis with high acidity (hypersecretion of gastric juice).
8. Chronic gastritis with normal acidity (normal secretory function of the stomach).
9. According to the endoscopic picture The following types of disease are distinguished:
   erosive;
10. atrophic;
11. hemorrhagic;
12. with hyperplasia of the coolant;
13. reflux gastritis;
14. superficial gastritis.

Chronic gastritis is constantly either in the acute phase or in the remission phase. It can be complicated by gastric bleeding or malignancy - the transformation of benign cells into malignant ones.

Causes and development factors

The pathogenesis for each form of chronic gastritis is special. There are 3 main reasons for the development of the disease:

1. Helicobacter pylori infection. Antral gastritis (damage to the coolant in the atral part of the stomach) is usually caused by Helicobacter pylori bacteria. This is because they prefer to live in environments with a pH in the range of 3.0–6.0. When acidity increases, Helicobacter pylori moves to the duodenum, and when acidity decreases, it moves to the bottom and body of the stomach.
2. Duodenogastric reflux. When the contents of the duodenum are thrown into the antrum of the stomach, the coolant is damaged. As a result, reflux gastritis develops. It is preceded by diseases such as chronic duodenitis and insufficiency of the pyloric closure function.
3. Formation of autoantibodies to parietal cells that synthesize hydrochloric acid. As a result, gastritis with low acidity develops.
4. Special forms of gastritis have different etiologies. These may be chronic infections, radiation exposure, chemical burns to the coolant and other reasons.

External factors leading to the development of gastritis:

• smoking;
• fungal infection;
• exposure to radiation;
• parasitic lesion of the stomach;
• bacterial infection (including damage by Helicobacter pylori bacteria);
• a common factor is alcohol consumption;
• nutritional factors (malnutrition);
• long-term use of drugs that irritate the coolant;
• damage to the stomach by aggressive chemicals.

Internal factors include:

• hypoxemia (lack of oxygen in the blood);
• hereditary factor;
• duodenogastric reflux;
• intoxication;
• chronic infections;
• vitamin deficiency;
• hormonal disorders;
• metabolic disorder;
• autoimmune factor;
• influence on the stomach of other affected organs.

Important! In 8–9 out of 10 cases, chronic gastritis is caused by Helicobacter pylori infection. Reflux gastritis is less common: it accounts for only 1-2 cases out of 10. Other forms of the disease are rare.

Symptoms

Signs of gastritis of the stomach are divided into general and local.

Common manifestations of the disease include:

1. Asthenoneurotic syndrome (irritability, weakness, heart rhythm disturbances, tendency to hypotension).
2. “Dumping syndrome” , manifested in the appearance of sudden weakness, hiccups and drowsiness after eating. Pallor and sweating are observed, and unstable stools occur. This happens with atrophic type gastritis.
3. An “ulcer-like” symptom complex develops if the patient has antral gastritis. Often this condition indicates a pre-ulcerative condition.
4. Anemia associated with vitamin B12 deficiency. It manifests itself as increased fatigue, drowsiness, and a depressed emotional state. Patients suffering from chronic gastritis note symmetrical paresthesia of the limbs and a burning sensation in the mouth.

The nature of local manifestations depends on the type of gastritis: with high or low acidity.

Symptoms of gastritis with high acidity

• functional dyspepsia syndrome;
• "irritable stomach" syndrome.

Dyspepsia is detected if the patient has antral gastritis. It manifests itself with characteristic symptoms:

• belching with a sour smell;
• heartburn and regurgitation;
• unpleasant taste in the mouth;
• burning in the epigastric area;
• a feeling of squeezing in the epigastric region after eating.

Symptoms of exacerbation of Helicobacter pylori gastritis:

• rumbling;
• bloating;
• unstable stool (alternating constipation and diarrhea).

Gastritis with high acidity, accompanied by “irritable stomach” syndrome, manifests itself:

• a feeling of squeezing after eating;
• pain in the upper abdomen (sometimes the pain intensifies after eating);
• belching and heartburn;
• nausea and vomiting;
• premature onset of a feeling of satiety.

Symptoms of gastritis with low acidity

Gastritis with low acidity is manifested by “flaccid stomach” syndrome.

Symptoms characteristic of this condition:

• Belching rotten;
• Bitterness in the mouth;
• Increased salivation;
• Nausea and vomiting;
• Poor appetite or its complete absence;
• Pain with gastritis with low acidity is often absent. But sometimes patients feel pain in the upper abdomen.

Diagnostics

Methods for diagnosing chronic gastritis used in gastroenterology:

Laboratory research:

• Complete blood count (to detect B-12 deficiency anemia).
• Study of gastric secretion (to determine the volume and pH level of secretions secreted by the stomach). This helps to identify gastritis with high acidity (or low acidity). The method involves inserting a probe into the stomach through the mouth and esophagus.
• Determination of the level of gastrin in the blood (to determine the pH in the stomach).
• Determination of the level of pepsinogen 1 (to study the condition of the coolant).
• Search for antibodies to parietal cells and internal factors (to clarify the etiology of the disease).

Instrumental studies:

• FGDS (endoscopic examination of the stomach by introducing a gastroscope into it). The method helps to determine the degree of damage to the coolant and establish superficial gastritis, erosive or ulcerative.
• X-ray examination. Helps diagnose hiatal hernia, reflux gastritis, ulcers, cancer, and special forms of the disease.
• Ultrasound of the abdominal organs (to detect concomitant pathologies).

Diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori infection:

• Morphological examination (biopsy). The histological method helps to identify damage to the coolant by Helicobacter pylori infection. By studying thin sections of stomach tissue obtained using a biopsy probe, precancerous changes can be detected.
• A quick shortened test (pieces of tissue taken during an endoscopic examination are examined).
• Urease breath test.
• Enzyme immunoassay method for determining antibodies to Hp.
• Determination of HP using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in stool.
• Bacteriological examination (this also requires samples of gastric tissue).
• The diagnosis of eradication is also popular, when gastric tissue is re-examined for the presence of Helicobacter pylori infection. This shows whether the treatment of chronic gastritis was successful or not.

Screening

If a patient has been diagnosed with chronic atrophic gastritis, his relatives are recommended to undergo examination to identify the clinical manifestations of the disease. This is necessary due to the fact that there may be no noticeable symptoms of atrophic gastritis.

Consultation with other specialists

Acute symptoms and exacerbation of chronic gastritis require consultation with other specialists:

• Hematologist (to clarify the diagnosis of anemia accompanying the chronic autoimmune form of the disease).
• Hepatologist (for differential diagnosis with diseases of the liver and gallbladder).
• Immunologist (to clarify the etiology of the disease).
• Oncologist (to identify tumors and assess the risk of malignant degeneration of gastric tissue cells).

Making a final diagnosis of “chronic gastritis” is possible only after differential diagnosis with other diseases that may have a similar clinical picture.

How to treat chronic gastritis

Treatment is aimed at:

• combating symptoms (gastritis pain, nausea, abnormal stool);
• eliminating the causes of inflammation and the factors contributing to it;
• restoration of stomach function (bringing secretory function back to normal to normalize acidity levels).

The choice of therapeutic measures depends on the type, location, characteristics of secretion, phase of the disease and its clinical manifestations.

Thus, the treatment of gastritis with low acidity will differ from the treatment of gastritis with high acidity. And therapy during the period of remission will be different from the methods of treating gastritis during the exacerbation phase.

Evaluation of treatment effectiveness

Since most cases of gastritis develop against the background of Helicobacter pylori infection, it is advisable to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment from time to time. To do this, a cytological examination of tissues taken from the patient through fibrogastroduodenoscopy is carried out.

In total, there are 3 degrees of contamination of coolant with Helicobacter pylori:

• “+”—less than 20 microbes in the field of view of the microscope;
• “++” - from 20 to 40 bacteria;
• “+++” – over 40 units.

After treatment of Helicobacter pylori infection, material is taken from the patient for research. If the number of bacteria has decreased by 80% of the original value or more, then the therapy is considered to be successful.

Indications for hospitalization

The chronic form of the disease is treated on an outpatient basis. Treatment of gastritis in children during an exacerbation period, as well as in adults with severe symptoms of the disease, is carried out in a hospital.

Indications for hospitalization:

• Critical weight loss (body mass index - BMI - below 19).
• Frequent exacerbations.
• Erosive gastritis (with low effectiveness of outpatient treatment).
• Autoimmune gastritis complicated by B-12 deficiency anemia.

Superficial gastritis and other types of disease do not require hospitalization if the secretory function of the stomach is preserved and the BMI is above 19.

Drug treatment

Treatment of chronic gastritis with medication requires the use of the following groups of drugs:

• Antacid (antisecretory) agents. Prescribed for the treatment of gastritis with high acidity to inhibit the secretory function of the stomach.
• Acids (hydrochloric, citric). They are used to normalize the pH level in case of insufficient secretion of gastric juice. The drugs are strictly contraindicated in case of hypersecretion of the stomach, otherwise an exacerbation of gastritis will develop.
• Enzyme preparations. Necessary for improving digestion if gastritis is accompanied by disruption of the pancreas. It will be wrong to take enzyme preparations if there is no pancreatic insufficiency.
• Prokinetics. This is the name of a group of drugs that normalize the motor function of the stomach. They are indicated for dyspeptic disorders. They are usually prescribed if the patient is diagnosed with reflux gastritis.
• Antispasmodics. These are remedies that eliminate spastic pain. They are prescribed only for pain.
• Bitterness . If the patient loses body weight, bitterness is prescribed. They are good for increasing appetite.
• Sedatives. Indicated for mood swings and increased irritability.
• Medicines against Helicobacter pylori infection (for the corresponding type of gastritis).
• Anti-inflammatory drugs. Reduce inflammation.
• Vitamins . For the treatment of atrophic gastritis with B-12 deficiency anemia, a cobalamin solution is prescribed.

If you're too lazy to read, let's listen to smart people

https://youtu.be/i82ME2tNnts

Important! If the patient has rigid antral gastritis, then surgical treatment is indicated.

Non-drug treatment

The most effective treatment for acute gastritis is medication. In the chronic form of the disease, non-drug therapy plays an important role. It includes a special regimen, diet, massage, physical therapy (physical therapy) and treatment of gastritis with folk remedies. Let's look at these methods in more detail.

Mode

The patient is recommended to live a lifestyle that eliminates stress factors:

• negative emotions;
• poor sleep and lack of sleep;
• physical and nervous overload.

A good psychological environment has a beneficial effect on the entire body, and stress contributes to the relapse of the disease.

Diet

A diet for gastritis of the stomach is necessary to maintain normal pH levels. Proper nutrition helps eliminate irritation and prevent the progression of the disease. So, if a patient has superficial gastritis, then thanks to a special diet the inflammation does not spread to deeper tissues.

Nutrition for gastritis should be varied and fractional. The recommended number of meals per day is 5 or 6. Food should be well-processed and moderately hot. It must be chewed thoroughly.

https://youtu.be/JSPHAiAR_Hs

Following a strict diet is not easy. And many patients are interested in whether it is possible to drink alcohol with gastritis. No, alcohol-containing drinks are contraindicated. They are highly irritating.

Traditional methods of treatment

Treatment of gastritis with folk remedies consists of taking infusions and decoctions of herbs with the following actions:

• Antispasmodic (cloudberry, valerian, cat's paw). To reduce pain.
• Anti-inflammatory (chamomile, sage). To reduce inflammation.
• Vitamin (rosehip, nettle, clover and others). Vitamin recipes for gastritis help if the absorption of vitamins has been impaired.
• Hemostatic (yarrow, nettle, St. John's wort). Stomach bleeding requires immediate medical attention. Therefore, the use of herbs is justified only in complex therapy or as prevention.

Alternative treatment for erosive gastritis, which is accompanied by secretory insufficiency, involves the use of herbs with a high content of bitterness. This ensures the production of hydrochloric acid and improves appetite.

Alternative treatment for gastritis with high acidity involves the use of herbs that inhibit the secretory function of the stomach.

5 ways to treat gastritis at home... Or maybe it’s better to see a doctor?

https://youtu.be/5x7eKfX-3do

Exercise therapy

Therapeutic exercise helps regulate the rate of hydrochloric acid production. When treating gastritis with high acidity, it is useful to perform moderate exercise before and immediately after meals. The heart rate (HR) should not exceed 120 beats per minute. Movements should be slow and monotonous. This will help reduce the secretion of gastric juice.

In case of gastric insufficiency, the loads should be more intense. Heart rate should reach 150 beats per minute. Movements should be energetic. It is advisable to perform exercises 1.5–2 hours before meals and the same time after it.

Massage

Therapeutic massage helps normalize the motor and secretory functions of the stomach. This is how you can treat gastritis in children: massage movements are very pleasant, unlike tasteless medicines. The massage affects not only the abdominal area, but also the spine. In case of exacerbation of the disease, this method of treatment is contraindicated.

Forecast

Chronic gastritis does not affect the length and quality of life, although patients have to put up with some restrictions. Even with pronounced symptoms, adequate treatment in adults and children can lead to stable remission. By taking preventative measures, the disease may not worsen for several years.

The prognosis is disappointing only for those patients who suffer from autoimmune, giant hypertrophic gastritis or atrophic pangastritis. This is associated with a high risk of developing a malignant tumor.

Complications

Possible complications of chronic gastritis:

• stomach ulcer;
• stomach cancer;
• stomach bleeding;

Gastritis in children often leads to poor absorption of vitamins. With low acidity, the absorption of proteins is also impaired.

Prevention

Primary prevention involves taking measures to prevent diseases that can lead to the development of chronic gastritis. These include:

• acute gastritis;
• helminthiasis;
• intestinal infections;
• liver and biliary tract diseases;
• pancreatic diseases.

You can prevent gastritis in children by introducing them to a healthy lifestyle. It involves giving up bad habits, proper nutrition and moderate physical activity.

Secondary prevention consists of eliminating factors that can cause exacerbation of existing chronic gastritis. It consists of following a diet, supportive drug therapy and maintaining a healthy lifestyle. Massage and exercise therapy help to prolong the remission phase.

Doctor's supervision

For chronic gastritis, medical examination is indicated. The patient should be seen by a doctor 2 times a year. This is necessary to adjust the examination and treatment plan.

Are people with gastritis accepted into the army?

Those suffering from inflammation of the coolant are also drafted into the army. But conscripts cannot receive category A (absolutely healthy and fit for any military service).

Patients receive category B if relapses of the disease are rare. Then the conscript is considered fit with minor restrictions.

Category B, which includes people who are not called up for service only in peacetime, can be obtained if:

• BMI less than 19;
• ineffectiveness of the treatment;
• development of gastroduodenitis, accompanied by frequent pain;
• duration of treatment in hospital for at least 2 months per year;
• serious disorders of the secretory function of the stomach.

If, during a military medical examination, a conscript begins to experience an exacerbation, he may be assigned category G and deferred from service for 6 months.

Acidity reducing agents

Gastritis with high acidity is much more common.

For treatment, it is necessary to take digestive enzymes, medications for gastritis, which lower the level of hydrochloric acid and envelop the mucous membrane, thereby protecting it from damage.

What to drink for gastritis should be prescribed by your doctor.

The main remedies for gastritis with high acidity are as follows (the best drugs for the treatment of gastritis and ulcers are presented):

• Omeprazole (Omez);
• Pancreatin;
• Almagel;
• Gaviscon;
• Phosphalugel;
• Platyfillin;
• De-nol;
• Trimedat;
• Ranitidine;
• Maalox;
• Gastrocepin.

All these drugs for gastritis are aimed at relieving the inflammatory process and neutralizing hydrochloric acid.

Omeprazole (Omez) is a medicine from the group of proton pump blockers. Used to treat gastritis and ulcers, and other diseases of the digestive system. The advantage of the drug is its rapid action and the duration of the effect throughout the day. This remedy has virtually no contraindications, with the exception of intolerance to the components of the drug, pregnancy and lactation. For children, Omeprazole (Omez) can only be prescribed by a doctor. The course of treatment in adults is 7-10 days.

Almagel has adsorbing and enveloping properties, protects the stomach from the formation of ulcers and erosions. Release form: suspension. The active ingredient is magnesium hydroxide. Treatment with Almagel is long-term - at least 30-60 days. Drink half an hour before meals 3-4 times a day, do not wash it down with water. After taking the medicine, drinking water is also not recommended. The dosage is determined by the attending physician.

Maalox for gastritis is used to reduce and normalize the acidity of the stomach and remove toxins from the body. Contraindication for use is pathology with low acidity. It is not recommended to take it together with antibacterial drugs. Tablets for gastritis and peptic ulcers should be taken 2 hours after meals. The duration of treatment is a maximum of 90 days.

Important information: Can there be a temperature with gastritis of the stomach and its exacerbation?

Hilak Forte for gastritis is prescribed to restore damaged mucosa. No side effects have been identified from the drug. In rare cases, short-term bowel disorders and bloating have been observed. The medication should be taken three times a day before or during meals. The course of treatment is 2-4 weeks. Contraindications include an acute form of pathology and too high a level of acidity.

De-nol - tablets for gastritis and ulcers. Neutralizes the effect of hydrochloric acid on the walls of the stomach, forms a protective film that envelops, has bactericidal and antimicrobial properties, and is effective against inflammation. The active ingredient is bismuth.

How to reduce acidity (continued)

Gastrocepin is a blocker of M1-cholinergic receptors, which are involved in the synthesis of gastric juice.

The medication protects the mucous membrane from the negative effects of acid in gastritis and stomach ulcers.

Pancreatin is a digestive enzyme whose synthesis is impaired in gastritis in adults. The drug is particularly effective in the complex treatment of chronic atrophic gastritis.

Pancreatin improves the digestion and breakdown of fats, carbohydrates and proteins, accelerates their absorption, and normalizes the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract.

Contraindications in adults include pancreatitis during an exacerbation. An allergic reaction is possible due to intolerance to the substances of the medication. To treat gastritis, the tablet should be taken three times a day after meals. Treatment may take up to several months. It often happens that patients say: I’ve been drinking for 2 months, but there is no result. Under no circumstances should you interrupt the course without the doctor’s instructions; treatment of gastritis takes a long time.

Festal also contains pancreatin, therefore it has an effect similar to Pancreatin: it inhibits the inflammatory processes of the pancreas, restores the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract.

Ranitidine is a histamine blocker for gastritis and stomach ulcers. Stomach tablets reduce acid levels, eliminate inflammation of the stomach walls, accelerate the healing of damaged areas, activate local immunity, relieve heartburn and belching. Ranitidine provides effective treatment for gastritis and stomach ulcers. The main component is ranitidine hydrochloride. How to take Ranitidine for gastritis? You need to take the tablets 2 times a day, regardless of meals, the dosage is determined individually. It is better to take the second tablet before bed. The effect lasts 10-12 hours. The course of treatment for gastritis and stomach ulcers is 1-2 months.

Trimedat is an effective remedy for gastritis, prescribed to improve gastrointestinal motility. Trimedat helps relax the sphincter, facilitates bowel movements and stimulates peristalsis. The drug begins to act within 15 minutes, the effect lasts for 5 hours. Trimedat is excreted from the body in the urine. Trimedat can be used for gastritis of the stomach in adults and children over 3 years of age.

https://youtu.be/PxeyNFAnRKs

For the treatment of gastritis with high acidity in adults, medications such as Vikalin (tablets for the treatment of herbal origin), Sodium bicarbonate, Bourget's mixture, Kaolin can be prescribed. The listed remedies reduce spasms and have an astringent effect.

Important information: Is it possible to eat bread or crispbread with gastritis?

Of great benefit is the drug Rennie, which eliminates the symptoms of high acidity: heartburn, pain, etc.

Allohol is effective - a choleretic medication that enhances secretory function. Helps eliminate bloating, flatulence, constipation in adults.

It should be borne in mind that for the treatment of gastritis with normal acidity, the same drugs are prescribed as for high levels of hydrochloric acid.

If therapeutic measures are taken at an early stage, then compliance with all treatment requirements will ensure a rapid recovery. The doctor must tell you which pills to take.

Antibacterial drugs

What other medications should you take for gastritis? In the case when gastritis develops against the background of Helicobacter pylori infection, it is necessary to include in the treatment regimen the use of antibacterial drugs that are not able to lose their own properties when they enter the acidic environment of the stomach. Experts prefer antibacterial drugs such as:

• Furazolidone;
• Metronidazole;
• Amoxiclav;
• Amoxicillin;
• Clarithromycin.

It is important to add probiotics to the listed medications, since antibacterial agents disrupt the microflora of the stomach. The listed medications are necessary for patients who suffer from low acidity levels. In this case, their activity against the causative agent of the disease increases significantly.

Before using any of the above medications, you should familiarize yourself with the contraindications and side effects. It is unacceptable for people with allergies, hay fever, asthma, or lymphocytic leukemia to use antibacterial medications.

Acute gastritis

Acute gastritis is an acute inflammatory disease of the gastric mucosa that occurs as a result of short-term exposure to a strong irritant. The disease begins abruptly, its symptoms are pronounced.

Types and causes of acute gastritis

Based on the nature of damage to the coolant and clinical manifestations, 4 types of acute gastritis are distinguished:

1. Catarrhal (simple, banal). The causes of this type of gastritis are poor diet or food poisoning, allergic inflammation. The disease is accompanied by infiltration (accumulation) of leukocytes in the coolant, dystrophic disorders of the epithelial cells of the stomach and a rush of blood to the damaged area of ​​the organ.
2. Fibrinous (diphtheritic). Fibrinous acute gastritis develops against the background of severe infections and poisoning.
3. Corrosive (toxic-chemical, necrotic). The reason for the development is the ingestion of concentrated alkalis and acids, salts of heavy metals into the stomach. Accompanied by coolant necrosis.
4. Phlegmonous. Acute gastritis of this type is characterized by purulent melting of the gastric wall and the spread of pus through the submucosal tissue. Possible causes include severe infections, injuries, complications of cancer, or stomach ulcers.

In mild poisoning, acute gastritis affects only the epithelial cells of the coolant. In severe forms of the disease, the muscle layer is also affected.

Symptoms

The manifestations of the disease largely depend on the nature of the damaging agent, the duration of its exposure and the body’s reaction to it.

Symptoms appear 6-12 hours after eating low-quality food. In case of poisoning with concentrated alkalis and acids, signs of the disease appear earlier.

In gastroenterology, the following symptoms of acute gastritis are distinguished:

• weakness;
• dizziness;
• pallor of the mucous membranes and skin;
• pain and heaviness in the stomach area
• nausea with vomiting;
• dry mouth or drooling (one of two);
• diarrhea.

Diagnostics

Acute gastritis is diagnosed based on the characteristic clinical picture and the collected medical history. The last method is to collect information about the patient through oral questioning.

Errors in diet (drinking alcohol or poor-quality food), introducing poisons for the purpose of suicide or through negligence are revealed.

In some cases, with acute gastritis, diagnosis includes:

• General blood analysis.
• Gastroscopy is a study of the condition of the coolant by examining it using a gastroscope inserted into the patient through the mouth.
• Ultrasound of the abdominal organs - to exclude other acute pathologies that can begin with vomiting (cholecystitis, pancreatitis, appendicitis).
• X-ray examination of the chest and digestive tract.
• Bacteriological analysis of vomit.

How to cure acute gastritis

Acute gastritis with a mild course is treated on an outpatient basis. Severe forms of the disease require the patient to stay in the hospital. Treatment of gastritis in children and adults is the same: it can take from 2 days to 2 weeks.

The duration of treatment is affected by the causes and severity of the disease.

First aid for acute gastritis is to cleanse the stomach. This helps remove the irritant that caused the disease from the body.

We induce vomiting ourselves by first drinking 1-2 glasses of warm water or a solution of baking soda. In some cases, the stomach is additionally washed with mineral water (not carbonated) or a soda solution. To empty the intestines, it is recommended to take laxative medications, and sometimes the patient is given a cleansing enema.

Medicines prescribed for gastritis:

• Adsorbents for cleansing the body of irritants that have entered inside.
• Antispasmodics if the patient complains of severe pain due to gastritis.
• Antihistamines if gastritis was caused by food poisoning of an allergic nature.
• Antibiotics if the cause of the disease is a bacterial infection.

Diet is one of the main conditions for effective treatment of acute gastritis.

During the first two days of illness, the patient cannot eat anything. You can only drink (water or black tea). Over the next week, the menu for acute gastritis can include:

• jelly;
• slimy soup;
• low-fat broth;
• steamed fish and meat puree;
• porridge made from rice, buckwheat, oatmeal or semolina;
• soft-boiled eggs.

The following are excluded from the menu for gastritis:

• dairy products;
• cheese, cottage cheese and sour cream;
• bakery products;
• coffee, soda, cocoa, kvass;
• fatty, fried, spicy foods.

The diet during treatment of gastritis should be followed for 9–10 days. Then the patient can gradually return to his usual diet.

Let's repeat everything briefly

https://youtu.be/9xiih-7LgPQ

Observation by a gastroenterologist after therapy

After undergoing drug therapy, patients will be required to be registered with a dispensary for 3 years. After this period, laboratory and instrumental tests are carried out, based on the results of which the gastroenterologist determines whether the patient can be removed from the register.

When the patient is in remission, he must follow the following recommendations of the gastroenterologist:

1. Stick to a bland diet.
2. Take healing decoctions prepared from pharmaceutical chamomile, celandine, yarrow, St. John's wort (in autumn and spring, the course of herbal medicine should be 3 weeks).
3. Undergo physiotherapeutic procedures: mud therapy, hydrotherapy, electrophoresis, currents (dynamic).
4. Drink mineral waters (course 3 weeks, repeated after 3 months).
5. Take vitamin complexes.
6. Undergo sanatorium treatment (3 months after relapse).

Diet

Diet is a necessary condition for curing gastritis. Thanks to a properly selected diet, you can significantly normalize your condition during the first days of treatment. So, from the diet you need to completely remove foods that can cause renewed pain. These include:

• smoked meats;
• spicy dishes, sauces;
• spices;
• alcohol;
• canned food;
• sausages;
• cheeses;
• baking;
• coffee;
• sour vegetables and juices.

It is best to give preference to “neutral” cuisine. This includes liquid and slimy soups, boiled meat, steamed or baked vegetables.

https://youtu.be/3h9UUPn0mow

How to cure gastritis forever with herbs and folk remedies

Many patients come across recipes using medicinal herbs. Indeed, herbal medicine is an effective method for gastritis. However, its effective use is determined only if it is used as part of complex drug therapy.

Herbs for infusions and decoctions are chosen in accordance with the course of the disease. For example, with increased gastric secretion, sage, mint, cinnamon and gentian root will be effective. To prepare a decoction, use a mixture of these herbs in equal proportions. Brew a teaspoon with a glass of boiling water, infuse the drink and take it twice a day. In this case, mint can be used separately, drinking with tea. The beneficial herb can also be added to other drinks.

St. John's wort is a good remedy for gastritis caused by the bacterium Helicobacter pylori. The plant has an antibacterial effect and is often used for gastrointestinal diseases.

For decreased gastric secretion, aloe vera is used. Juice is made from the plant with the addition of honey. With the atrophic type of the disease, the herb celandine helps well. It actively fights malignant neoplasms and protects the gastric mucosa from tumors. Wormwood is also good in the fight against gastritis. Tea is prepared from it or an alcoholic infusion is made.

Bee products

Many beekeepers have wondered how to cure gastritis forever with the help of healthy products from the apiary.

Honey is a method of treating gastrointestinal pathologies known since ancient times. It gently envelops the walls of the stomach, restores secretion and protects against the penetration of harmful bacteria. In addition, this natural product improves metabolic processes, promotes digestion and neutralizes inflammatory processes.

Bee bread is the second most popular product among beekeepers and is used in the treatment of gastritis. Pollen processed by bees has unique properties and quickly restores gastric secretion, eliminating inflammation.

In addition, propolis , which has a powerful anti-inflammatory effect, zabrus, and pollen. All products can be consumed independently or as part of tea, decoction, mixtures.

Vegetable oils

For any form of gastritis, the patient is prescribed a diet. To diversify it and at the same time help restore the stomach, you can use various vegetable oils: olive, flaxseed, sunflower, sesame. All of them can be eaten by a person suffering from gastritis.

Oils have an anti-inflammatory effect, promote the healing of wounds and ulcers, effectively relieve pain and improve gastric secretion. It is highly recommended to use sea buckthorn oil for gastritis. The extract from the berries helps to actively regenerate cells, restoring the protective layer of the mucous membranes.

Folk remedies

Among the recipes of traditional medicine there is a huge supply of decoctions, infusions, mixtures and other remedies that help cope with gastritis and other problems of the gastrointestinal tract. Doctors do not discourage the use of traditional recipes, but at the same time they do not recommend getting carried away only with this method. Gastritis is a disease that requires an integrated approach to therapy.

Treatment with oatmeal jelly is considered popular. The drink saturates the body with vitamins, minerals and other beneficial substances, having a beneficial effect on digestion and the production of internal secretions. A viscous liquid envelops the walls of the organ, preventing attacks from harmful bacteria and other aggressive factors.

There is even a recipe using pure alcohol. In this case, it is recommended to eat a piece of butter, wash it down with a tablespoon of alcohol or vodka and two raw eggs. But with this method you need to be extremely careful; a violation of the proportions can lead to serious irritation of the mucous membrane.

Gastritis is a disease that requires immediate medical intervention and proper treatment. But it is also important that therapy is carried out in a complex manner. Medicines, combined with diet and traditional recipes, will certainly lead to a positive outcome.

Recommendations for patients during treatment

When gastritis appears, clinical recommendations may be general. Mandatory diet. Food should be chewed thoroughly. The patient needs to switch to 5 meals a day, with small portions. A healthy lifestyle and giving up bad habits play an important role in therapy.

It is impossible to determine exactly how long it takes to treat gastritis of the stomach. Therapy is influenced by the patient’s lifestyle, physical activity, and concomitant diseases. In 80 percent of cases, gastritis is caused by the bacterium Helicobacter pylori. Then recovery is delayed.

For the remaining 20 percent, the reasons are alcoholism, smoking, and poor nutrition. In these cases, inflammation of the mucous membrane goes away quickly after eliminating the provoking factors.

Gastritis is a common disease. It appears in most people. Without timely and appropriate treatment, it can become chronic. Complications may occur. You cannot self-medicate, since each form of gastritis has its own therapeutic regimen.

Why may the chosen drug therapy regimen be ineffective?

Sometimes there are situations in which a patient who has undergone treatment does not feel any improvement. Based on the results of laboratory and instrumental studies, experts conclude that the chosen drug therapy regimen did not bring the expected results.

The reasons for treatment failure include the following factors::

1. The patient was prescribed medications to the components of which he was intolerant.
2. Resistance (primary) of the pathogenic bacterium Helicobacter is expressed.
3. Antibiotics were not included in the regimen, the dosage was prescribed incorrectly, the patient violated the deadline for taking them, and the drug was selected incorrectly.
4. There is circulation of Helicobacter within the patient's family, which led to re-infection.
5. The gastroenterologist chose an ineffective drug therapy regimen.

https://youtu.be/LjDjIXpGaNg

Tablets for gastritis diagnosed in superficial form

Superficial gastritis is a stage of gastrointestinal disease that precedes the chronic form, when inflammatory processes are observed only in the superficial layers of the gastric tissue. For the treatment of superficial gastritis, strict adherence to a diet is usually prescribed, but drug treatment is an integral part of the general therapy of the initial stage of the pathology.

Antibacterial medications are prescribed to eliminate inflammatory processes caused by the activity of the bacterium Helicobacter pylori. The most popular regimens are Amoxicillin + Clarithromycin or Rosamet + Clarithromycin. If increased acidity is observed with superficial gastritis, drugs that reduce the level of hydrochloric acid secretion are prescribed - Ranitidine, Acyloc, Omez. Medicines for gastritis of the stomach with enveloping action - Phosphalugel, Almagel - can also be prescribed.

Almagel is prescribed for superficial gastritis

Forms of pathology

Acute gastritis is classified according to the criterion of pathological changes that occur on the mucous membrane of the organ. Kinds:

• simple (catarrhal);
• necrotic (corrosive);
• purulent (phlegmonous);
• erosive;
• fibrous.

Simple form

Catarrhal acute gastritis can be further divided into the following types:

• allergic;
• banal;
• superficial.

The following factors can provoke the development of pathological processes:

• alcohol;
• stress or other psycho-emotional provocateur;
• junk food;
• infectious diseases;
• food allergies;
• pharmaceuticals that are taken unnecessarily, etc.

With simple gastritis, inflammation occurs in the superficial layer of the mucous membrane, rarely in deeper tissues. At this time, increased secretion of mucus occurs, the lining of the stomach swells, and subcutaneous hemorrhages appear in the organ. If the etiology of the pathological process lies in allergies, the disease may be accompanied by a rash, Quincke's edema, etc. The pathogenesis of acute gastritis of the catarrhal type is that the stomach wall becomes denser and becomes covered with mucous secretions. Small erosive formations appear on the shell of the organ. At this time, epithelial cells die, which can cause ulcers.

Fibrinous form

Measles and scarlet fever can provoke this form of gastritis.
It is characterized by necrotic changes in the organ wall, purulent discharge and the formation of fibrous films on the mucous membranes of the organ. The following factors usually provoke the occurrence of a pathological process:

• measles;
• acid poisoning;
• scarlet fever;
• blood poisoning;
• typhoid fever, etc.

Purulent form

Phlegmonous gastritis is characterized by a violation of the integrity of the mucous membranes of the organ, which is accompanied by a strong inflammatory process in all layers of the gastric wall. The following factors can provoke the disease:

• peptic ulcer;
• mechanical damage;
• complication of an infectious disease caused by streptococcus, staphylococcus or pneumococcus;
• tumor (including cancer).

In this case, the walls of the organ are thicker than usual; folds form on them, which are covered with a fibrous coating.

Erosive and necrotic

Erosive pathology can occur when exposed to an acid or chemical. The pathology is characterized by ulcerative sores on the mucous membrane of the organ. With corrosive acute gastritis, necrotic ulcers with hemorrhage form on the walls of the stomach and upper gastrointestinal tract. The deep tissues of the gastric wall are negatively affected. The pathology is characterized by a high risk of developing complications in the form of cardiovascular, hepatic or renal failure, perforation, penetration, etc. There are 2 types of the disease:

• dry necrosis (cause - intoxication due to acids);
• wet necrosis (caused by salts of harmful substances).

General information

Acute gastritis is manifested by inflammation that affects the mucous membrane of the organ for an unknown reason for the first time and develops with pronounced symptoms. The pathology is typical for people of any age. Symptoms of the disease appear abruptly, and the disease develops rapidly, which makes it possible to assume the provocateur of the disease. Most often, acute gastritis occurs due to infection with Helicobacter, but another origin is possible.

Determination of the disease is often possible only on the basis of symptoms, but instrumental confirmation is extremely important. International classification of diseases: ICD code 10, class XI (diseases of the digestive system (K00-K-93)), numbers K29-K29.1 (gastritis and duodenitis; other acute gastritis). In addition, according to the type of pathological process, it can be found under the numbers K29.0, K29.2, K29.6, K29.7.

What treatment regimen for gastritis can be used for children?

When treating young patients for gastritis, gastroenterologists are faced with the following tasks::

1. Normalize the functionality of the mucous membrane.
2. Reduce the aggressive effects of acid.
3. Restore all processes in the gastrointestinal tract.

Drug therapy prescribed to children involves taking such drugs:

1. Ranitidine;
2. Omeprazole;
3. Metronidazole;
4. Furazolidone;
5. Nifuratela;
6. Azithromycin;
7. Roxithromycin;
8. Clarithromycin;
9. Amoxicillin;
10. Bismuth preparations.

Regardless of which regimen was chosen for treatment, all categories of patients must follow a dietary diet, otherwise it will not be possible to transfer the disease into a state of stable remission:

1. All foods that can cause active production of gastric juice are excluded from the daily menu.
2. Smoked meats, pickles, fried, spicy and fatty foods are prohibited.
3. Food should have the consistency of puree. If you don’t have kitchen appliances at home, you can grind food using a grater.
4. Products must undergo heat treatment. They can be boiled, baked, stewed or steamed.
5. The patient's diet must contain protein, but only lean meats and fish are allowed (turkey and rabbit are ideal).
6. During the diet, patients should drink herbal infusions, self-prepared compotes and jelly, as well as still mineral water.

Possible complications

Exacerbation of gastritis always contains a certain probability of complications:

• erosive and ulcerative lesions of the stomach;
• stomach ulcer, duodenal ulcer;
• stomach bleeding;
• deficiency of B vitamins;
• Iron-deficiency anemia;
• atrophic and hypertrophic changes in the mucosa, the development of polyps and tumors against this background.

The development of complications can always be avoided by regular examination by a specialist, adherence to diet and preventive measures, timely and adequate treatment.

How to increase acidity

Stomach acidity depends on the amount of hydrochloric acid in gastric juice. Hydrochloric acid ensures the digestion of food, and an increase or decrease in its amount leads to disorders of the digestive system. Gastritis drug treatment is complex.

With low acidity, medications are needed to speed up the digestion of food, eliminate pain and restore the mucous membrane.

The drug Plantaglucid is prescribed against gastritis with low acidity. The basis of this medicine is plantain extract. The release form is granules from which a solution can be prepared. Plantaglucide helps improve digestion, eliminate pain and restore damaged gastric mucosa. The course of treatment is determined by the doctor individually for each patient; as a rule, it lasts until all signs of the disease are eliminated and damaged tissues are healed.

Plantaglucide is made from plant materials, therefore it is a highly allergenic drug. Contraindications are: stomach and intestinal ulcers, intolerance to the main component.

Important information: What is chronic and acute erosive gastritis

Also, the treatment regimen for gastritis with low acidity may include Pentagastrin, Calcium gluconate, Limontar, Etimizol. Therapy, as a rule, is complex and includes 2-3 medications, each of which has a specific effect, because it is necessary not only to increase acidity, but also to eliminate other unpleasant symptoms of the pathology.

The following remedies for gastritis are also prescribed:

• Panzinorm, Pepsidil - normalize acid production;
• Doxycycline, Omeprazole - destroy bacteria;
• Calcium gluconate - enhances the synthesis of hydrochloric acid;
• Venter, Clometol - relieve symptoms of exacerbation;
• Oligovit, Folic acid (vitamins) - accelerate the work of the mucous membrane.

How are patients examined?

Before choosing a drug therapy regimen, gastroenterologists conduct a comprehensive examination of patients according to a special protocol (international). Diagnostics includes laboratory and hardware tests :

1. Blood, stool and urine tests.
2. Histological and cytological examination of biological material.
3. Ultrasound of the gastrointestinal tract.
4. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy.
5. Additional hardware diagnostics are prescribed if there is a suspicion of ulcerative pathology or malignant processes.

Diagnostics

An abdominal ultrasound will help diagnose the disease.
The first thing the doctor pays attention to is the signs of the disease. After collecting anamnesis, a visual examination of the patient and palpation of the abdominal cavity are performed. The doctor takes into account the patient’s dietary habits, chronic diseases, his genetic predispositions, the possibility of poisoning or an allergic reaction, etc. At this time, a preliminary diagnosis can usually be made. The patient is prescribed instrumental diagnostics of acute gastritis, for example:

• X-ray examination;
• ultrasound examination of the abdominal cavity;
• endoscopic procedures for diagnosis.

An attack of gastritis makes it impossible to perform gastric intubation or gastroscopy. Laboratory studies are also very informative:

• stool occult blood test;
• stool test for bacteria;
• general blood analysis;
• blood biochemistry;
• general urine analysis;
• analysis of vomit for contents, etc.