Doctor Komarovsky: intestinal infections in children, symptoms, treatment, diet

All food and water that people consume, unfortunately, are very far from sterile. Every day and every hour, billions of different bacteria enter our bodies. Nothing bad happens from this, because nature has come up with effective ways to neutralize microbes. “Good” bacteria, saliva with bactericidal properties, and poisonous gastric juice do not allow foreigners to take root in the body and destroy it.

But a child’s body is very delicate and receptive, so miracles do not always happen to him. Unfortunately, says Dr. Komarovsky, intestinal infections happen to children with almost the same frequency as ARVI. What should parents do if they suspect their toddler has an intestinal infection, and are there ways to prevent dangerous infection? Let's try to figure this out.

Cause of intestinal infection

There is not a single person who has never caught an intestinal infection. This is so because there are many ways to neutralize a huge number of the body's defenses: neutralizing acidic gastric juice with an alkaline drink, destroying one's own microbes with antibiotics, swallowing food without chewing it, and many others.

Still, these pests get into the body quite often, says Dr. Komarovsky. Intestinal infections are really not necessary for an adult, much less a child. Their main reason was, is and will be non-compliance with the simplest hygiene standards: unwashed hands, improper storage of food, flocks of flies flying between the toilet and the dining table. No matter how magnificent the protective powers the human body in general and the baby in particular possess, there will always be microbes that are impossible to neutralize.

An intestinal infection in any family member is a huge alarm signal for everyone else. The patient needs separate dishes, and the rest need to wash their hands more often, ensure perfect cleanliness; all dishes should be boiled, sparing no disinfectants.

The main principle of helping with an intestinal infection is to replenish the loss of salts and fluids as quickly as possible. Dried fruit compote and green tea will do.

Preventive actions

Rotavirus infection is an insidious disease. Even with good hygiene, there is a risk of contracting the virus. Most often, this disease affects children in preschool age.

But doctors highlight several preventive measures.

1. Vaccinate babies up to 8 months. It shows 100% effectiveness if it was given to an infant. But thanks to this phenomenon, the mortality rate has dropped sharply.
2. Observe hygiene rules. Wash your hands and face regularly. Rinse the mucous membranes of the mouth and throat.
3. Avoid contact with sick people.
4. If a person is a carrier himself, then he needs to stay at home for two weeks.
5. After recovery, strengthen the child’s body. Give vitamin complexes, walk in the fresh air more often.
6. Follow the diet and drinking regime.
7. Don't drink raw tap water. Always boil it.

Do not treat yourself. Such symptoms can also appear in other pathologies. To make an accurate diagnosis, it is necessary to carry out differential diagnosis. To do this, the patient's stool is taken for analysis. Based on the test results, doctors determine whether the body has an antigen for the infection. When a person is completely healthy, the test result will be negative.

Rotavirus infection is not such a dangerous disease, unlike giardiasis, dysentery or cholera. The disease can be cured quickly, but only if the treatment is chosen correctly.

Pathogens of infections

Like many others, intestinal infections in babies can be viral and bacterial. From their name it is clear that the difference is in the nature of the pathogen. Among the huge number of viral intestinal infections, the most common in children is rotavirus.

In addition, there are also the most common infections in children: dysentery, enterovirus and salmonellosis.

Every year (according to WHO statistics), about 2 million children under the age of 5 die from a disease called intestinal infection in children. Komarovsky believes that if all the necessary measures were taken, this figure would be much lower.

Treatment

The principle of treatment for rotavirus is the same for all age categories: removing toxins from the body and replenishing lost fluid. There are currently no effective antiviral drugs for the treatment of rotavirus. Viral particles and the toxins they release are eliminated using drugs from the sorbent class.

Elimination of toxicosis

Sorbents are substances that can absorb and retain other substances dissolved in the environment.

Among medications, the following have absorbent properties:

• Activated carbon;
• Enterosgel;
• Smecta;
• Polysorb;
• Atoxyl.

Activated carbon is the most common and accessible sorbent that can be taken by both adults and children. The only exceptions are infants. For children and adults, the dosage is the same - three tablets per day.

Enterosgel is a popular medicine with high absorbent properties. It is a paste that must be diluted with a small amount of water before use. The drug must be taken three times a day: children under five years old - a teaspoon, over five years old, and adults - a tablespoon. Enterosgel is taken one hour before meals and no less than two hours after. The duration of treatment is from five days to two weeks, depending on the severity of the disease.

Smecta is a universal drug suitable even for the smallest children. One sachet of medicine is dissolved in 50 milliliters of water and given to the child to drink. For children under two years old, one sachet per day is required, for children over two years old - 2-3 sachets.

Polysorb is available in powder form, which must be dissolved in water before taking. One teaspoon of the drug is dissolved in 200 ml of water, the resulting solution is given to the child 3 times a day.

Atoxil is a strong absorbent agent, effective for almost any type of intoxication. It is available in powder form, packaged in bags. The contents of one package are dissolved in 250 ml of water, the solution is given to the child three times a day at the rate of 1 ml per kilogram of weight.

Restoring water-salt balance

Dehydration is the most serious consequence of rotavirus. The smaller the child’s body weight, the more dangerous the loss of fluid is for his body; It poses the most serious threat to infants.

Dehydration does not develop immediately, so the parent has the opportunity to track its characteristic symptoms:

• lethargy;
• dry skin;
• sunken eyes;
• Infants may not have tears while crying.

If these symptoms are detected, you must take action immediately!

However, simply drinking plenty of fluids is not enough in this situation.

Due to vomiting and diarrhea, the body loses a large amount of not only fluid, but also salts, and it is extremely important to restore normal levels of both. Various saline solutions are used for this.

The most effective and proven remedy is Regidron, which contains potassium and sodium salts, as well as glucose. One sachet of the drug is diluted in a liter of boiled water; After each bowel movement, the child is given a solution at the rate of 10 ml per kilogram of weight.

In addition to Regidron, drugs such as Gastrolit and Glucosolan are also widely used. When treating children under two years of age, it is recommended to use Rehydralite and Pedialyte.

If it is not possible to obtain any of these drugs, you can prepare a solution at home. In a liter of clean water you need to dissolve one teaspoon of salt, 4 tablespoons of sugar and one teaspoon of soda. Restoring the water-salt balance with the help of such a composition will be quite effective, although not as effective as when using medications. This solution can only be given to children after three years of age.

In mild and moderate forms of rotavirus, fluid levels can be restored by drinking; in severe cases, hospitalization and administration of a water-salt solution through a dropper will be required.

Pain relief and body temperature control

An increase in temperature is a symptom inherent in almost any intoxication process.

With rotavirosis, the temperature can rise to 39 degrees, in very young children - even up to 40.

Ibuprofen and Paracetamol are used to lower the temperature in both children and adults.

Rotavirosis is often accompanied by severe abdominal pain.

To eliminate them, antispasmodics such as Drotaverine or Papaverine are used.

Diet

Proper nutrition plays an important role in the treatment of rotavirus infection. First of all, it is necessary to exclude from the diet all foods that can cause intestinal irritation: fried and smoked meat, sausages, dishes with a lot of seasonings.

All types of foods that stimulate intestinal function and enhance peristalsis are also excluded.

These include:

• all types of dairy products;
• bread and bakery products (rye bread is especially not recommended, as it can cause increased gas formation);
• cabbage;
• carbonated drinks.

It is necessary to organize fractional meals - eat small portions four to five times a day. It is recommended to eat porridge, jelly, and puree - the consistency of the food should be such as not to cause excessive intestinal irritation. Be sure to drink plenty of fluids, preferably warm.

Other recommendations

When treating rotavirus infection, it is very important to maintain hygiene - keep your hands, dishes, and bed linen clean. Rotavirus spreads very quickly, so it is advisable to place the patient in a separate room and provide him with a separate set of dishes, bed linen, and towels.

Self-medication or professional experience?

But parents should not be scared and despair. This rotavirus intestinal infection is not the worst thing that can happen to their baby. Komarovsky claims that over 90 percent of all cases of intestinal infections can be overcome without the use of special medications. But the remaining 10% are the most insidious and terrible. This is exactly the case when self-medication should under no circumstances be used! The most important thing in this situation is to bring the baby to infectious disease specialists as soon as possible.

Recovery after rotavirus infection

Rotavirus infection lasts on average 7-8 days, but complete recovery takes weeks and sometimes months .
To restore a child, you need to understand the pathogenetic mechanisms of the development of the disease and take the necessary measures accordingly. In this regard, recovery will speed up :

• restoration of fluid loss;
• diet and nutrition;
• combating the consequences of the virus.

The first step is to normalize the water-electrolyte balance . Since rotavirus infection causes dyspepsia in the form of vomiting and repeated diarrhea, important microelements and fluid are lost, which leads to dehydration. For rehydration, use special solutions or drinks prepared at home.

For recovery purposes, you can purchase from pharmacies:

You can prepare a similar drink at home:

• 1 tsp. salt,
• 4 tsp. Sahara,
• 0.5 tsp. baking soda,
• 1 liter of boiled water.

Lemon, ginger or raisin decoction are added for taste . If possible, the child should take this drink in small sips every 15 minutes, in severe cases - after 5 minutes.

Diet therapy should be gentle, since the intestines are very sensitive after the virus.

The list of “correct” dishes includes:

• porridge on the water,
• lean meat,
• cottage cheese and kefir,
• bread crumbs,
• vegetables and fruits, with the exception of citrus fruits.

You should not force your child to eat. When the intoxication passes, your appetite will resume, only then you need to establish a diet.

Sorbents are prescribed to combat diarrhea:

They bind pathogens, their toxins and inflammatory products, thus reducing intoxication . If the virus has damaged the enzyme systems of the pancreas, diarrhea will continue. To do this, you need to take multienzyme drugs (Creon, Pancreatin). Dysbacteriosis can be removed with the help of probiotics (Acidolac, Linex).

To restore the regulation of the gastrointestinal tract, prokinetics (Metoclopramide, Cerucal) can be used. They minimize vomiting and nausea.

Indications for calling a doctor

Urgent doctor's help is necessary if your child has the following symptoms:

• there are blood clots in the baby’s vomit or stool;
• it is impossible to give a child something to drink - he either spits up water or cannot swallow it;
• there are obvious signs of dehydration - a “dry” tongue, the baby has not peed for the last 5-6 hours, there is dry skin and mucous membranes, there is no sweat and tears;
• a rash appeared on the child’s body;
• the baby complains of a headache;
• body temperature rises sharply and strongly;
• with diarrhea or vomiting, parents can see that the baby's skin is quite pale and he is very chilly.

Infection and causes

Infection occurs through the fecal-oral route. Together with the feces of a sick person, microorganisms enter the environment and are transferred through dirty hands to surrounding objects, food products, linen, and toys.

Infection occurs through the nutritional route - through the mouth. An infection from the oral cavity enters the esophagus, the stomach and “settles” in the small intestine - here is the most favorable environment for the proliferation of microorganisms.

In the process of life, rotavirus infects enterocytes - the cells of the villi of the small intestine, which leads to erosion of the mucous membrane. The absorption of digestive enzymes is disrupted, the digestive process malfunctions, and diarrhea occurs. Waste products from microorganisms cause intoxication of the body.

A pathogenic strain of Escherichia coli affects the body in a similar way, causing escherchiosis.

Rotavirus is dangerous for newborns and young children. Their immunity is weak, and the environment in the stomach and intestines is not aggressive enough to destroy pathogenic microorganisms.

Pathogenic microorganism rotavirus

Signs and symptoms of intestinal infection in babies

All of the above signs and symptoms describe a situation in which an intestinal infection in children (Komarovsky states this with full responsibility) has already acquired a fairly severe or even deadly form. Fortunately, such situations are not common.

Most cases of infection are usually expressed by several universal symptoms:

• the baby refuses to eat;
• there is vomiting or diarrhea;
• body temperature rises slightly;
• the baby is drowsy, lethargic and pale.

Temperature in children with bacterial diseases: what is it and how long does it last?

The causative agent of the infection and the disease itself are two different things.
There are diseases that are always caused by one type of bacteria - for example, sore throat only by streptococcus. For others, such as acute respiratory infections, bronchitis, pneumonia, pyelonephritis, the culprits may be different microorganisms. What is the temperature and how long does it last?

Who brings the infection to the body?

Not in all cases, intestinal infection in children is terrible and dangerous. Treatment (Komarovsky is convinced of this from the height of his professional experience) must be timely and accurate.

Causative agents of intestinal infections include bacteria (Vibrio cholera, typhoid bacillus, staphylococcus) and some viruses. They can easily multiply in the intestines and lead to disruption of the digestive process. They will contribute to inflammation of all cells of the intestinal mucosa. A common and characteristic consequence of these processes is diarrhea as the main symptom in a situation where there is an acute intestinal infection. Komarovsky explains that initially the very concept of a disease acquired through infection varies. For a person not versed in medical terms, diarrhea is a guarantee of the presence of infection in the body. For the doctor, it is not the symptoms themselves that are important, but the routes of infection.

What else do you need to know?

First of all, remember that routine vaccinations can protect you from pathogens:

• whooping cough;
• diphtheria;
• pneumococcal and hemophilic infections.

Sometimes a child gets sick even after vaccination, but in this case he tolerates the infection more easily than an unvaccinated one. The development of immunity during vaccination against bacterial infections is usually accompanied by an increase in temperature to 37-38℃, which can last from 1 to 5 days.

Some of the microbes mentioned in the table, for example, E. coli and staphyllococci, are our constant companions, living in the intestines, on the skin, and mucous membranes. Normally, they are in a mutually beneficial symbiosis with the human body. Hypothermia can cause a mild acute respiratory infection with a temperature of 37.5℃, which is more easily tolerated than a viral cold.

Adults often endure such ailments on their feet without sick leave, saving themselves with lemons, raspberry jam, tea with cognac and heavy doses of pharmaceutical ascorbic acid. The child needs the observation of a pediatrician and the treatment prescribed by him, since neglected or undertreated acute respiratory infections can backfire on severe chronic diseases.

With weakened immunity in children, microbes of normal microflora cause bacterial infections, in which the temperature reaches 40℃ and affects the meninges, lungs, kidneys and other vital internal organs. This is another confirmation of how important it is to strengthen the child’s immunity.

Some symptoms are not yet a disease

“Any disease in babies that is transmitted through the mouth (the so-called fecal-oral route of infection) shows what an intestinal infection is in an infant” (Komarovsky). The most obvious example is Botkin's disease. The virus penetrates the gastrointestinal tract, in most cases there is no diarrhea, and the liver is affected. That's why you don't need to focus only on diarrhea. After all, there are also other signs of illness - pain in the baby’s tummy, high body temperature, nausea and vomiting, no appetite, the child is weak. Such signs are quite common, but they do not always indicate that there is an intestinal infection in children. Symptoms and treatment (Komarovsky, as a representative of a clan of talented doctors, is convinced that the result will be much better than before the parents went to the doctor) should be: the first - well studied, and the second - applied according to the doctor’s instructions.

Stage two: diet therapy

So, the doctor came and reassured you: hospitalization is not needed, you can survive the intestinal sore at home. The child feels better, which means you can think about nourishing the tired body.

Infants, as usual, are the luckiest of all - they have breast milk. If a child is sick or has had rotavirus or another intestinal disease, the best diet for him is to abolish all complementary foods and “hang” on the chest.

If the child is already receiving complementary foods, they are added on the second or third day of illness: gluten-free porridge with water (rice, buckwheat, oatmeal is allowed), steamed (canned) vegetables, meat is returned last, a week after the illness we introduce baked (or canned) apples and pears, and only then – fermented milk products.

For an older child (after one year), give food more often and in small portions. If he does not vomit after eating, there is no need to go on a strict diet - eat porridge.

Do not insist that the child eat the entire portion; a couple of spoons is already good. Remember the golden rule of recovery: strength for it comes not only from food.

The body spends its resources to fight the disease, and food only distracts it, especially the wrong food. There is no need to give your child bread, crackers, crackers, or cookies during illness.

Do not force feed your child, do not overload his liver, believe me, he will catch up when he gets better.

During the acute period of infection, older children (after three years) must completely exclude whole milk and porridges made with whole milk, fermented baked milk, and cream from their diet; black bread; meat, chicken and fish broths; dishes made from beans, peas, beets, cabbage; grapes and citrus fruits; as well as everything fatty, fried, canned (except for canned baby food).

So: in the first days of illness, a child (excluding small children who are still receiving full breastfeeding or formula) may go hungry. Rice water and oatmeal are allowed. On the third day, he can be given porridge and fresh vegetables. If the child feels better, gradually expand the diet.

Infants, as usual, are the luckiest of all - they have breast milk. If a child is sick or has had rotavirus or another intestinal disease, the best diet for him is to abolish all complementary foods and “hang” on the chest.

If the child is already receiving complementary foods, they are added on the second or third day of illness: gluten-free porridge with water (rice, buckwheat, oatmeal is allowed), steamed (canned) vegetables, meat is returned last, a week after the illness we introduce baked (or canned) apples and pears, and only then – fermented milk products.

For an older child (after one year), give food more often and in small portions. If he does not vomit after eating, there is no need to go on a strict diet - eat porridge.

Do not insist that the child eat the entire portion; a couple of spoons is already good. Remember the golden rule of recovery: strength for it comes not only from food.

The body spends its resources to fight the disease, and food only distracts it, especially the wrong food. There is no need to give your child bread, crackers, crackers, or cookies during illness.

Do not force feed your child, do not overload his liver, believe me, he will catch up when he gets better.

During the acute period of infection, older children (after three years) must completely exclude whole milk and porridges made with whole milk, fermented baked milk, and cream from their diet; black bread; meat, chicken and fish broths; dishes made from beans, peas, beets, cabbage; grapes and citrus fruits; as well as everything fatty, fried, canned (except for canned baby food).

Treatment of intestinal infection should involve an integrated approach. In addition to stopping harmful microbes, the patient needs to neutralize toxins and restore water balance.

Dehydration of a child's body

Only a small part of diseases called “intestinal infections”, treatment (Komarovsky, as a doctor with many years of experience, is convinced of this) which does not require any thought, should be carried out with antibiotics. And the rest pass without such intervention, accompanied by the baby’s immune system. After a few days, she begins to develop the necessary protection against this disease. The main task of any baby is to survive these few days. And the most dangerous risk for a child during this period is the most common dehydration, says Dr. Komarovsky. Intestinal infections cause fluid to leave the body during diarrhea or vomiting. That's why it's so important to renew it.

If mom and dad know exactly how to protect their child’s body from dehydration, then their little one will not be afraid of any intestinal infection.

Removal of pathogenic microflora

Children are particularly susceptible to poisoning. After an intestinal infection, children have stomach pain due to the fact that, even with treatment provided, a small amount of pathogenic microflora remains in the body for a long time.

In order to remove the remains of the pathogen from the intestines as quickly as possible, it is necessary to provide the child with plenty of fluids. If necessary, medications are prescribed to prevent dehydration and restore water-alkaline balance, for example, Regidron.

In addition to abdominal pain, other residual signs of intestinal infection may appear:

• weakness;
• bowel dysfunction;
• drowsiness;
• slight feeling of nausea.

To stop these symptoms, you need to adjust your diet. The daily menu should include fermented milk products, which help normalize the condition of the intestines, restore natural microflora and soothe irritated mucous membranes. Fermented milk products help relieve pain in the intestines very quickly and effectively.

Meals after poisoning should be fractional, you need to eat in small portions 4-6 times a day. If you break this rule and eat food 1-2 times a day, in large portions, this will certainly provoke an increase in pain in the intestines. After all, it will be difficult for the organs of the digestive system, which have not yet had time to recover from intoxication, to process large amounts of food.

Features of the treatment of intestinal infection in children: high fever and antibiotics

Intestinal infection in children - symptoms, treatment (Komarovsky dwelled on this point in detail in his broadcasts) if a situation arises - must first be identified in time, and then eliminated with the help of correctly prescribed drugs.

It is usually believed that if a baby’s body temperature is about 38°C, then there is no need to bring it down (the body fights itself). But according to Dr. Komarovsky, intestinal infections are a dangerous thing, so lowering the temperature is not only possible, but also necessary. This follows from the fact that heat removes huge reserves of fluid from the body, and it is dehydration during an intestinal infection that is especially dangerous for children.

The toddler (if the body temperature has risen) should be given an antipyretic drug to avoid dehydration and intoxication. You should constantly give your baby something to drink.

Parents, remember: the higher the baby’s body temperature during an intestinal infection, the more he needs to drink!

It has already been said that only a small percentage of intestinal infections require the use of antimicrobial agents to be cured. And the use of any antibiotics in this case is strictly regulated by WHO.

According to Dr. Komarovsky, intestinal infection in children is dangerous, but not fatal. You just need to follow all the doctor’s recommendations and not self-medicate. Antibiotics can be used in cases of diarrhea that has lasted for several days, hemocolitis (when there is blood in the stool or vomit) and in severe forms of cholera. Only in these cases is the use of antibiotics for children justified and quite effective.

How the temperature rises

In young children, the temperature rises to critical levels in the first few hours from the onset of the disease, reaching a maximum in the evening of the first day.
The temperature can reach 40 degrees, it does not go down well and stays at this level for about 4-5 days. The duration of this condition depends on the age of the patient and his immune system. With rotavirus infection, hyperthermia is very stable. Thus, parents of young children often complain that the temperature caused by the virus is simply impossible to bring down. In many cases, it can be normalized only by injections of hormonal drugs. Doctors do not advise lowering a temperature that has not reached 38.5 degrees. When the temperature rises, more interferon is released, and the body actively fights the infection.

If a child is prone to seizures, then resort to antipyretic drugs is necessary if the thermometer shows 38.

Methods for diagnosing the disease

If a child exhibits signs of OCI, parents should immediately seek help from a specialist so as not to worsen the condition.

The pediatrician conducts a patient interview, visual and tactile examination. This is enough to establish a correct diagnosis and prescribe treatment. In order to identify the causative agent of the disease, the following diagnostic studies are carried out:

• bacteriological culture of vomit and feces,
• scraping from the anus,
• coprogram (stool analysis),
• laboratory blood test for TA.

conclusions

Intestinal infections are a fairly common problem and methods to combat them have already been well developed by specialists. How to treat an intestinal infection? Of course, you should always adhere to hygiene rules and follow food preparation recipes to avoid diseases. However, if the infection does enter the body, there is no need to panic. It’s better to play it safe once again and turn to a specialist for help than to suffer from an illness.

An intestinal infection is an unpleasant problem that can happen to both an adult and a child. This disease is fraught not only with the terrible health of the patient, but also with a malfunction in the body’s immune system. The causative agents of infection in the intestines can be staphylococcus, shigella, salmonella, rota and enteroviruses, fungi and other bacteria, which are especially active in the summer heat. A good half of the patients suffering from intestinal infection fell ill during hot weather. Every year, doctors record a seasonal surge in the disease, but you can “earn” an intestinal infection at any time of the year. In the text below we will figure out how to protect the body from this trouble and what tablets for intestinal infections can be prescribed for the prevention, treatment and relief of the condition of patients.

Tablets for intestinal infections

Peculiarities of nutrition of adolescents and fellow adults during exacerbations of diseases

Advised by nutritionist at Moscow City Clinical Hospital No. 20 Lyubov Evgenievna Nefedeva.

Chronic enteritis and chronic colitis with constipation

DON'T : Bread made from premium flour, puff pastry and butter dough; fatty meats, poultry, fish; canned food, smoked meats, marinades, spicy foods; hard-boiled and fried eggs; rice, semolina, vermicelli; legumes, radishes, radishes, garlic, onions, turnips, mushrooms; jelly, blueberries, quince, dogwood, chocolate, products with cream; horseradish, mustard, pepper; cocoa, natural coffee, strong tea.

YOU CAN : Gray, bran bread, crispbread; low-fat soups with meat, chicken, fish broth, borscht, cabbage soup, beetroot soup, okroshka; beets, carrots, tomatoes, lettuce, cucumbers, zucchini, pumpkin, cauliflower, white cabbage and green peas - as tolerated; crumbly porridges and casseroles; soft ripe sweet fruits and berries, soaked dried fruits - prunes, figs, dried apricots, apricots; fruit and vegetable juices; lactic acid drinks, fresh cottage cheese and cottage cheese casseroles, cheesecakes, mild cheeses.

It is better to cook food in water or steam, or bake. Fried foods and dishes have a bad effect on the condition of the intestines and other digestive organs. Eat vegetables and fruits boiled and raw. They improve intestinal function. In the morning, drink cold water with honey or juices of fruits and vegetables. At night - kefir, fresh or dried fruit compotes, fresh fruits and prunes.

Peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum, chronic gastritis with high acidity

NOT : Rye and any fresh bread, products made from butter and puff pastry; strong broths, cabbage soup, borscht, okroshka; fatty meats, poultry and fish; fried and spicy foods, smoked meats, marinades, pickles, canned food, spices, gravies; hard-boiled and fried eggs; white cabbage, rutabaga, cucumbers, radishes, radishes, sorrel, spinach, onions, beans, mushrooms.

YOU CAN : Dried wheat bread made from premium and first grade flour, dry biscuit, dry cookies; pureed soups from vegetables and well-cooked cereals; boiled lean meat and fish without skin; milk, cream, non-acidic kefir and cottage cheese, sour cream - limited; 2-3 soft-boiled eggs or steam omelet per day; semi-viscous and mashed porridge with milk or water; potatoes, carrots, beets; sweet berries and fruits in pureed, boiled and baked form.

Avoid eating raw and unprocessed fruits and vegetables. Be sure to clean the fruits from seeds, grains and skins. Food should be pureed, boiled or steamed. Just not fried. With a mild exacerbation, you can afford baked dishes without a crust. Don't overuse salt. Avoid very cold and very hot foods. In case of a sharp exacerbation, consult a doctor immediately.

Chronic enteritis and chronic colitis with diarrhea

DON'T : Rye and bran bread, pancakes, butter dough; soups with cereals, vegetables, pasta, dairy, strong and fatty broths; fatty meat and fish, sausage; marinades, canned food, caviar; whole milk, sour cream, cream, cheese; millet, pearl barley, legumes; snacks; dried fruits, jam, honey, fruits and berries in their natural form; compotes, carbonated and cold drinks, coffee and cocoa with milk.

YOU CAN : White bread crackers, thinly sliced, untoasted; slimy soups made from rice, semolina and oatmeal in water or secondary broth; lean meat and fish in the form of meatballs, soufflés, cutlets, cooked in water or steamed; mashed porridge; soft-boiled eggs 1-2 per day, in a bag, steam omelettes; jelly from dogwood, blueberries, bird cherry, freshly brewed tea, rosehip decoction, dried blueberries, black currants, bird cherry, quince; freshly prepared pureed cottage cheese, butter - up to 5 g in the finished dish.

Try to eat liquid and semi-liquid pureed foods. You can add boiled and pureed meat, egg flakes, steamed meatballs and vegetable broths to soups. It is better to avoid vegetables in other forms. Berries and fruits are allowed only in the form of jelly and jelly. The exception is pureed raw apples. If tolerated, you can drink diluted fresh juices from various fruits, except grapes, plums, and apricots.

Chronic gastritis with low acidity

NOT : Rye and any fresh bread, flour products made from butter and puff pastry; milk, millet, pea, bean soups, okroshka; fatty and stringy meat, fatty fish; hard boiled eggs; onions, radishes, radishes, sweet peppers, cucumbers, rutabaga, garlic, mushrooms; smoked meats, pickles, marinades, canned food, spicy and fatty foods; mustard, horseradish, pepper; fruits and berries with coarse grains or rough skin.

YOU CAN : Dried wheat bread made from premium and first grade flour, savory buns and cookies; soups with vegetable broth, low-fat meat, fish, and mushroom broths; porridge from various cereals, except millet; boiled pasta and noodles made from premium flour; potatoes, zucchini, carrots, beets, cauliflower, parsley, dill, celery; kefir, yogurt and other fermented milk products, fresh cottage cheese and dishes made from it, cheese, sour cream - up to 15 g per dish.

This diet is good for mild exacerbation of the disease. You can eat not only pureed and boiled dishes, but also stewed, baked and even fried. However, you should fry without breading and avoid the appearance of a rough crust. Vegetables for soup should be finely chopped or pureed. If you are preparing rassolnik, it is better to replace pickles with brine.

All recommendations from this article are suitable not only for children, but also for adults!!!

Be healthy!

The materials published in this article are food for thought. For a diagnosis, nutritional advice, and treatment, please contact your healthcare provider.

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