Indications for taking Ofloxacin - composition, antibiotic dosage, side effects, analogues and price

What is Ofloxacin

This drug is often prescribed for the treatment of infections of bacterial etiology. This antimicrobial agent is active against most harmful microorganisms and bacteria and is perfectly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. The drug Ofloxacin is well distributed in the tissues and fluids of the human body and is excreted in the urine. A small part of the medication is excreted in the feces. The maximum concentration in blood plasma is achieved 1-2 hours after administration, and the bioavailability of Ofloxacin is 96%. During hemodialysis, up to 30% of the medication is lost.

Patient reviews about the drug

Maria. I first purchased ofloxacin for the treatment of thrush. Before this I used a lot of different medications, but the problem did not go away. I bought domestically produced Ofloxacin at a cheap price and doubted its quality for a long time. After completing the ten-day course, the thrush disappeared for a year. Even expensive drugs did not give such an effect.

Tatiana. I had to be treated with Ofloxacin ointment while suffering from conjunctivitis. Bacteria affected both eyes. The ophthalmologist advised placing a 1 cm long strip of ointment behind each lower eyelid three times a day. The redness subsided after two days of using the medication. The suppuration gradually passed. The duration of the entire course was five days. After its completion, complete recovery occurred.

Konstantin. The drug was prescribed by a doctor during the period of acute respiratory viral infection. The antibiotic turned out to be inexpensive, but very effective. I took it strictly according to the doctor’s instructions and after three days I got rid of a severe cough, which I could not cure before. To prevent intestinal upset, I used special preparations with bifidobacteria.

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pharmachologic effect

The antimicrobial effect of the drug is associated with the blockade of the DNA gyrase enzyme in bacterial cells. The medication is active against microorganisms that produce beta-lactamases and for atypical microbacteria. Penetrates into body tissues: alveolar macrophages, leukocytes, bones, pelvic and abdominal organs, respiratory system, saliva, urine, bile, skin, prostate secretions. The active substance passes through the placental barrier and is excreted in mother's milk.

The effect of the substance on the body

Ofloxacin has a wide spectrum of action. Its effect mainly affects gram-negative bacteria. It is easily susceptible to organisms that are highly resistant to antibiotics and sulfonamides.

Works well when taken internally. After taking the medicine, absorption occurs completely and quite quickly. Absorption may be slower if taken with food.

The substance is quickly distributed; it should be borne in mind that it quite easily overcomes the placental and blood-brain barriers and can penetrate into breast milk and the spinal cord. After half an hour, the concentration of the substance in the blood reaches its peak. The kidneys excrete the substance unchanged by 75-90%.

Even after a single use, the medicine will remain in the urine for about another day.

Indications for use of Ofloxacin

According to the instructions, this antibiotic is prescribed in the presence of the following infectious diseases:

• ENT organs (laryngitis, pharyngitis, sinusitis, otitis media);
• respiratory tract (bronchitis, pneumonia);
• skin, soft tissues, bones, joints;
• inflammatory pathologies of the urinary tract and kidneys (cystitis, urethritis, pyelonephritis);
• abdominal cavity (pseudomembranous colitis):
• biliary tract (all pathologies except bacterial enteritis);
• genital organs and pelvis (orchitis, epididymitis, oophoritis, parametritis, colpitis, prostatitis, endometritis, cervicitis, salpingitis).

According to reviews from doctors, it has been noted that the drug is effective in the treatment of eye infections: blepharitis, keratitis, ulcerative lesions of the cornea, meibomitis and others. In addition to the above diseases, Ofloxacin is widely used during therapy and for the prevention of pathologies in patients with impaired immune status. When treating chlamydia, septicemia or gonorrhea, intravenous use of the drug is prescribed.

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Ofloxacin or Nolicin (Norfloxacin)

Both drugs belong to the group of fluoroquinolones. Ofloxacin contains the active ingredient - Ofloxacin. The active ingredient of Nolitsin is Norfloxacin. The drug is indicated for

• urinary tract diseases;
• prostate diseases;
• gastrointestinal diseases;
• gonorrhea;
• prevention of relapses of urinary tract infections, bacterial infections in patients with granulocytopenia;
• "travelers' diarrhea"

Both drugs are prescribed by a doctor taking into account the diagnosis! Ofloxacin is cheaper in cost than Nolitsin.

Ofloxacin or Nolicin. Photo: grctvaz.komplekts.ru.net

Release form

The medicine is produced in the form of ointments, tablets, injections for injections. The price of the drugs is different, but the pharmacological effect is the same. Ofloxacin ointment is available in 3 and 5 gram weights. Sold in aluminum tubes, each of which is packed in a cardboard box. The package contains instructions for use. Ofloxacin tablets are packaged in 10 pieces in contour cell blisters placed in a cardboard box. As for the solution, this greenish-yellow dosage form is sold in 100 ml dark glass bottles or 1 ml ampoules.

Conditions of storage and acquisition

The antibiotic should be stored in a place specially designated for medications. Make sure that the packaging is protected from direct sunlight and is kept dry and out of the reach of small children. Recommended storage temperature is no more than + 25 degrees. The shelf life of all forms of the medicine does not exceed three years.

The drug is one of the strong antibiotics that should not be used without consulting a doctor, so it can be purchased at the pharmacy only with a prescription. In reviews of the drug, some patients note such side effects as decreased appetite, lethargy, drowsiness, and stomach pain. To avoid possible problems, Ofloxin should be used only in the dosage prescribed by the instructions and under the supervision of a specialist.

Instructions for use

How to take Ofloxacin? The tablet form is prepared for oral administration, the eye ointment is prepared for placing under the eyelid, and the solution is administered intravenously or intramuscularly. The course of treatment lasts from 7 to 14 days. After the temperature normalizes and the symptoms of the disease disappear, the doctor may prescribe another three days of treatment with the drug to consolidate the results.

Pills

The daily dose of tablets for adults is 200-800 mg. When treating gonorrhea, the drug should be used once (recommended in the morning after breakfast) with a dosage of 400 mg. If the prescribed dose is not a single dose, but more than 400 mg/day, then the medication is taken 2 times after meals. Ofloxacin tablets are taken without chewing, with a small amount of liquid. The doctor determines the duration of treatment individually. The drug is not prescribed for use for more than 4 weeks.

Ointment

This dosage form is used subconjunctivally. Ofloxacin ointment, yellow or white, is placed in a 1 cm strip behind the lower eyelid of the affected eye 2-3 times a day. When treating chlamydia, your doctor may prescribe medication up to 5 times a day. The duration of treatment with ointment according to the instructions should not exceed 14 days. For chlamydial infection, the therapeutic course is extended to 5 weeks.

Solution

The instructions for use say that when administered intravenously, the medicine is prescribed in a dose of 200 mg as a single dose in the form of drip infusions. The drug is administered over 30 to 60 minutes. After the condition improves, the patient is transferred to Ofloxacin tablets. For infections of the urinary system, the medicine is administered intramuscularly in a dose of 100 mg up to 2 times a day. For infectious pathologies of soft tissues, skin, joints, ENT organs and the abdominal cavity, the solution can be prescribed from 200 to 400 mg twice a day.

Doses and rules

Among the indications for the use of Ofloxacin is infection of the urinary tract. With this diagnosis, the drug is administered intravenously in an amount of 100 mg once or twice a day. If the disease is localized in the kidneys or organs of the reproductive system, the medication is used twice a day in an amount of 100-200 mg. 200 mg twice a day is indicated for other diagnoses, if the effectiveness of the active compound in a specific set of microflora is confirmed. If this amount of medication does not show a pronounced result, it is allowed to increase it by using 400 mg of the drug twice a day.

Indications for the use of Ofloxacin include the prevention of infectious diseases in persons with a reduced immune status. In this condition, the substance is injected into a vein in an amount of 400-600 mg per day.

If you need to administer the drug dropwise into a vein, 200 mg is diluted in five percent dextrose. The duration of the procedure is at least half an hour. It is allowed to use freshly prepared solutions. If it was not possible to start administration immediately after preparing the medicine, it is necessary to dispose of the drug.

Ofloxacin during pregnancy

For women while expecting a child, the medicine is prescribed exclusively for local treatment (ointment), which is carried out under the strict supervision of a doctor. Taking the tablet form or injections of Ofloxacin during pregnancy and lactation is contraindicated. If it is necessary for a nursing woman to take medication, then stop breastfeeding the baby during the entire therapeutic course of the antibiotic.

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special instructions

Pneumonia caused by pneumococci cannot be treated with this drug. The remedy is also not used to eliminate tonsillitis in the acute stage.

It is not recommended to carry out treatment with the drug for more than two months. During the treatment period, it is necessary to avoid prolonged exposure to the sun and avoid visiting a solarium.

If undesirable reactions of the body occur, it is necessary to stop taking the medication and seek advice from your doctor as soon as possible. To avoid the development of vaginal candidiasis, it is not recommended to use tampons when treating gynecological diseases with the drug.

The drug prevents the release of tubercle bacilli in culture, as a result of which, during the treatment period, tests to detect tuberculosis may give a false negative result. Drinking alcohol during treatment is contraindicated.

The drug can reduce reaction speed and dull concentration. For this reason, it is recommended to refrain from driving machinery and vehicles during the treatment period.

Drug interactions

When taking Ofloxacin, you must tell your doctor about other medications you are taking, otherwise side effects may occur. The medicine is not recommended for use with anti-inflammatory drugs to avoid stimulation of the central nervous system. During treatment with Ofloxacin for diabetes mellitus, blood glucose levels should be monitored. For better absorption, medications containing iron, calcium, sulfates or antacids are recommended to be taken after taking the antibiotic at intervals of two hours. The drug reduces theophylline clearance by 25%.

Little patients

Ofloxacin is extremely rarely prescribed to children. This is permissible only in cases where there is a threat to the patient’s life and there is no more effective means that can help the patient. The doctor is obliged to evaluate the benefits of such treatment, all possible risks associated with the use of Ofloxacin, notify the child’s parents, and report possible negative consequences and side effects from using the drug. If in a particular case there is objectively no possibility of resorting to a less toxic medication, Ofloxacin is used. The daily dose is calculated based on body weight - 7.5 mg of the active ingredient per kilogram of weight. The maximum dosage is twice as much.

Compatibility of Ofloxacin and alcohol

According to the instructions, the use of Ofloxacin tablets, ointment and solution is strictly prohibited simultaneously with alcoholic beverages for men and women. It is allowed to drink alcohol one day after the end of the therapeutic course in order to avoid risks to health. The combined use of an antibiotic and ethanol-containing drinks leads to a disulfiram-like reaction. Ethanol comes into good contact with antibacterial molecules, so the potential risk of the following conditions increases:

• vomiting;
• nausea;
• headache;
• redness of the face, chest, neck;
• rapid heartbeat;
• intermittent breathing;
• limb spasms.

If the prohibition is violated and the above conditions occur, you should immediately stop drinking alcohol and drink plenty of water for the next few hours. If the medicine was prescribed for a long course, then alcohol should not be taken subsequently, depending on the doctor’s instructions, from 3 days to 1 month. Any form of the drug will have a negative effect on the body if used together with alcoholic beverages.

Note

If pneumonia is established, it is revealed that the disease is caused by pneumococci, Ofloxacin is not used. The product should not be used if the patient has developed acute tonsillitis.

You should not use the drug for more than two months in a row. During the course of treatment, it is necessary to avoid ultraviolet irradiation, not to visit a solarium, and not to be exposed to mercury-quartz lamps. You should be exposed to direct sunlight as little as possible.

While taking Ofloxacin, it is strictly forbidden to consume ethanol. Women are advised to avoid sanitary tampons during the course. When using them, there is an increased risk of thrush.

If taking the drug is accompanied by negative effects on the nervous system, if the patient has an allergic reaction or symptoms of colitis, Ofloxacin should be discontinued immediately. After colonoscopy or histology confirming colitis, it is necessary to use drugs containing metronidazole or vancomycin orally.

Occasionally, tendonitis is observed during the use of Ofloxacin. This condition can cause tendon rupture. From statistics we know that the Achilles tendon is most often affected. The risk of this complication is higher in older people. At the first manifestations of tendinitis, the use of Ofloxacin is stopped and the Achilles tendon is immobilized. The patient is referred for examination to an orthopedist.

If a person has myasthenia gravis, taking Ofloxacin can cause a worsening of the condition. If you are predisposed to porphyria, you may experience an increase in attacks while taking the medication.

In bacteriological tests to detect tuberculosis, Ofloxacin can cause false negative results.

If the functioning of the kidneys or liver is impaired, it is important to regularly monitor the concentration of the active component in the blood plasma. If the insufficiency of these organs is observed to a pronounced degree, the likelihood of a toxic effect increases

To prevent negative consequences, it is necessary to adjust the dosage.

Side effects

Like other antibiotics, Ofloxacin, if the prescribed dosage is exceeded or with a long course of treatment, has the following side effects:

• abdominal organs (diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, hepatitis, dysbacteriosis, jaundice, colitis, liver failure);
• nervous system (migraine, anxiety, agitation, increased blood pressure, nightmares, convulsions, impaired sense of smell, taste, vision, coordination of movements);
• cardiovascular system (thrombocytopenia, aplastic or hemolytic anemia, cardiovascular collapse);
• genitourinary area (acute nephritis, vaginitis, impaired renal excretory function);
• allergic manifestations: angioedema of the face, urticaria, bronchospasm, skin rash, exudative erythema, itching, anaphylactic shock;
• in ophthalmology: discomfort, burning in the eyes, dryness, itching, redness of the conjunctiva, lacrimation;
• after instillation into the ear: itching of the ear canal, bitter taste and dry mouth;
• spontaneous tendon ruptures;

Adverse reactions

Patients usually tolerate Ofloxacin well. Although, if the prescribed dose is not followed or if there is individual intolerance, there is a possibility of developing negative pathological reactions. When treated with tablets and infusion solution, the following side effects may occur:

• in relation to gastrointestinal tract - nausea with vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, bloating;
• in relation to the central nervous system - headache, feeling of stiffness when moving, anxiety, increased irritability, disturbances in taste, color and sound sensations;
• in relation to the skeletal and muscular system – myalgia, tendinitis, tendon damage
• in relation to the cardiovascular system - tachycardia, vasculitis, decreased blood pressure;
• in relation to the urinary organs - disturbances in renal function, increased levels of urea, acute nephritis;
• skin irritations, rashes, itching, angioedema, feverish conditions;
• vaginitis, dysbacteriosis, in patients suffering from diabetes - hypoglycemia.

Therapy with a solution for infusion can provoke a local reaction in the form of pain and redness at the site of needle insertion, thrombophlebitis.

When treated with ointment, local irritation may develop. Patients complain of burning and discomfort near the eye, itching and redness, lacrimation, photophobia, and occasionally an allergic reaction. Most often, symptoms go away quickly.

Contraindications

This drug has few contraindications. The main one is hypersensitivity to quinolone derivatives. According to the instructions, Ofloxacin should not be used by women during pregnancy and breastfeeding. Children under 15 years of age are also a contraindication, but in special cases the use of this antibiotic is still prescribed to a child. Patients with a history of impaired liver and kidney function, a tendency to tendinitis, and prolongation of the QT interval should take the medication with caution.

How to use the drug

Before use, you must remove contact lenses, if any.

Warm the bottle in your palms.

It is important to buy exactly 0.3% solution of ofloxacin. Instill 1-2 drops into each eye every 2-4 hours for the first 2 days.

For the first 2 days, 1-2 drops are instilled into each eye every 2-4 hours.

After the first two days - 1-2 drops 4 times a day. Duration - 5 days.

Contact lenses can be worn 20 minutes after the procedure.

Protect your eyes from bright sunlight with tinted glasses.

Contraindications;

• pregnancy, breastfeeding;
• age up to 1 year;
• allergic reactions to components in the composition;
• chronic conjunctivitis of non-infectious origin.

Side effects sometimes:

• increased lacrimation;
• sensations of dryness, itching in the eyes;
• other unpleasant sensations;
• fear of bright light.

They occur quite rarely, mainly with an overdose of the drug.

Analogs

The modern pharmacological industry offers for sale several analogs of Ofloxacin that have a similar effect to it. Most Popular:

1. Digital The official instructions indicate that the medication is indicated for osteomyelitis, prostatitis, bacterial diarrhea, pyelonephritis, lung abscess and other infections. It is prescribed in a strictly specified dosage.
2. Tsiprolet. The medicine is effective against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. It is prescribed for use in many pathologies of an inflammatory and infectious nature.
3. Levofloxacin. Effectively acts against a variety of pathogens, regardless of their location.

Combination of Ofloxacin, Methyluracil, Lidocaine

This combination is present in Oflomelid ointment. The ointment is indicated for:

• trophic ulcers;
• bedsores;
• infected burns of 2-4 degrees;
• wounds after surgical opening of phlegmons and abscesses;
• after surgical treatment of hidradenitis, carbuncles, abscessing boils;
• suppurating lipomas and atheromas;
• post-traumatic and postoperative fistulas and wounds.

Price

How much does Ofloxacin cost? The price of the drug varies depending on the dosage form, the initial cost of the manufacturer and the marketing policy of the outlet. If this antibiotic is not on sale, you can order it from a catalog at a pharmacy or buy it inexpensively in an online store. The average price for the drug in pharmacies in the Moscow region:

How to use Ofloxacin ear drops

Ofloxacin ear drops are intended for the treatment of otitis media in adults. The drug is used in the treatment of external and otitis media, including purulent and chronic ones. Drops are also recommended for use in patients with perforation of the eardrum, which is caused by damage to the ear by pathogenic microorganisms. The medicine is not prescribed for non-bacterial otitis, which can be caused, for example, by a viral infection or allergy. In this case, it will be ineffective.

The drops are used only as prescribed by the attending physician, since the main active ingredient of the drug, ofloxacin, is a powerful antibiotic. The dosage of the drug and the duration of treatment are determined individually depending on the severity of the inflammatory process and the characteristics of the patient’s body. As a rule, it is necessary to instill the product into the ear 2 times a day. In this case, it is recommended to ensure that the drops have a temperature of about 36°C (for this you need to hold the bottle in your hands for a while)

It is important to remember the date you first used the medicine, as it has a very limited shelf life once opened. This period is 4-6 weeks (variability is explained by the existence of analogues of the drug, some of them can be stored for less or longer)

Ofloxacin drops are injected into the external auditory canal. The patient should lie on his side. It is advisable that he remain in this position for another 5 minutes after administering the medicine. It is necessary to carefully monitor the body's reaction: it is possible that pain, tinnitus, and temporary hearing impairment may occur. Sometimes there may be itching in the ear and a bitter taste in the mouth. Repeated repetition of these symptoms indicates that side effects are developing and the drug should be stopped. Experience shows that such undesirable changes in well-being after using Ofloxacin occur very rarely, but the possibility of their occurrence cannot be completely ruled out.

Long-term use of the drug can lead to the development of bacterial resistance to the antibiotic, therefore, if there is no positive dynamics during therapy with this drug, the doctor may change the treatment regimen and prescribe an alternative remedy to eliminate inflammation.

Pharmacology

Inhibits DNA gyrase (topoisomerase II and IV), disrupts the process of supercoiling and cross-linking of DNA breaks, inhibits cell division, causes structural changes in the cytoplasm and death of microorganisms.

Has a wide spectrum of action. Affects mainly gram-negative and some gram-positive microorganisms. Effective against microorganisms resistant to most antibiotics and sulfonamide drugs.

Cross-resistance of bacteria to ofloxacin and other fluoroquinolones is possible. The spectrum of action includes: E. coli, Salmonella spp., Enterobacter spp., Serratia spp., Citrobacter spp., Yersinia spp.

, Haemophilus influenzae, Haemophilus ducreyi, Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, Pseudomonas spp., including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter spp., Aeromonas hydrophilia, Bordetella parapertussis, Bordetella pertussis, Klebsiella spp., including

Klebsiella pneumoniae, Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis, Morganella morganii, Providencia spp., Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Neisseria meningitidis, Shigella sonnei, Helicobacter pylori, Mycoplasma spp.

, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Vibrio spp., Gardnerella vaginalis, Chlamydia spp., Legionella pneumophila, Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., Enterococcus faecalis, Listeria monocytogenes, Propionibacterium acnes, Clostridium perfringens, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (including multi-resistant strains).

When taken orally, it is completely absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract (about 95%), absolute bioavailability is 96%. After taking ofloxacin in the dosage form of regular tablets, Cmax in plasma is achieved within 1-2 hours, after taking extended-release tablets - within 6-8 hours.

Plasma protein binding - 32%. Apparent volume of distribution 100 l. T1/2 when taking conventional tablets - 4.5–7 hours. Penetrates the cells (leukocytes, alveolar macrophages) of most organs and tissues, creates high concentrations in urine, bile, saliva, sputum, prostate secretions, kidneys, liver, bile bladder, skin, lungs, passes through the BBB and placental barrier.

In the liver (about 5%) it is converted to ofloxacin N-oxide and demethylofloxacin. Excreted primarily by the kidneys unchanged (80–90%); a small part is excreted in bile, feces, and breast milk (extrarenal clearance is less than 20%).

After a single oral dose of 200 mg is detectable in the urine for 20–24 hours. In case of liver and/or kidney diseases, excretion may slow down. Re-appointment does not lead to cumulation.

Video

This video will tell you about the contraindications of eye drops and when they can be harmful to health.

There are currently no reviews of the pharmaceutical product online.

So, Oflaxocin SOLOpharm drops can be prescribed for both ear and eye diseases. Their main substance is an antibiotic that fights germs and bacteria. Only a doctor should select the dosage and method of use for the patient. You shouldn't do this yourself. The drug is usually ordered by pharmacies when patients present a prescription for it. See also information about anti-glare glasses.

Attention! The article is for informational purposes only. Before using the medicine, you should consult a specialist.

Precautionary measures

When treating with Ofloxacin in the form of tablets and solution, you must follow some rules:

• Ofloxacin should not be used for acute tonsillitis and pneumonia.
• You do not need to be treated with such medications for more than 2 months. During this period, it is recommended to avoid the influence of ultraviolet radiation, not only natural, but also artificial.
• If side effects regarding the central nervous system, an allergic reaction, or pseudomembranous colitis occur, the drug should be discontinued immediately. When using Ofloxacin for therapeutic purposes, women should avoid using sanitary tampons during menstruation, as this may provoke vaginal candidiasis.
• Due to tendinitis, which may develop during therapy, the integrity of the tendons may be compromised, especially in older patients. If symptoms of tendinitis are detected, you should stop taking the drug, immobilize the affected area and visit an orthopedist for advice.
• Treatment with Ofloxacin may cause complications of myasthenia gravis.
• If a person has problems with the excretory system, monitoring the level of the active component in the blood is required. Sometimes a dosage reduction may be necessary. During treatment, it is better to avoid drinking alcohol.

In pediatrics, this drug is used for therapeutic purposes only if the risk is justified and the expected benefit will be significantly greater than the possible harm caused by the drug.

When using Ofloxacin, you should be careful when performing any activities that require concentration. It is not recommended to drive a car or do work that requires quick reactions.

When using the ointment, you should stop wearing contact lenses for the duration of treatment. To protect your eyes, you should use dark glasses so as not to provoke photophobia. Injection of the drug into the area of ​​the anterior eye chamber is not recommended.

Interaction with other medications

For 2 hours after using Ofloxacin, you should not use products with sulfates, iron, calcium and zinc, as this complicates the absorption of the active substance.

If you have diabetes, you should carefully monitor your blood sugar levels when using Ofloxacin for therapeutic purposes. It should not be used simultaneously with anti-inflammatory drugs, since with this combination it will be necessary to carry out additional treatment to restore the functioning of the central nervous system.

Ofloxacin in the form of eye drops can be prescribed simultaneously with other drugs in this form. In such a situation, it is necessary to instill eye drops with an interval of at least 15 minutes between medications, and the last one should be Ofloxacin.

To avoid unwanted reactions, it is necessary to inform the doctor about the medications that the patient is already taking.

In what cases is the medicine prescribed?

This medication is effective for various pathologies, but which dosage form will be prescribed depends on the diagnosis. The doctor selects the most convenient form in each specific case. If the remedy is chosen correctly, the therapy will be as effective as possible.

Treatment with tablets, as well as infusion solution, is prescribed for diseases of various organs and systems of infectious etiology:

1. for ENT pathologies – sinusitis, pharyngitis, otitis media and others;
2. for pneumonia and bronchitis;
3. with infection of the digestive system, problems in the biliary tract;
4. for problems with the condition of the skin and soft tissues;
5. for diseases of bone and joint tissue, damage to the skeletal structure;
6. with pyelonephritis (renal pathology), urethritis and cystitis - disorders in the urinary tract;
7. with infection of the reproductive system and the entire pelvic area.

Liquid for infusion can be prescribed for the treatment of septicemia, chlamydia and meningitis in order to prevent the development of infectious diseases in patients with impaired immune status.

The drug in the form of an ointment can be prescribed when an infectious pathology caused by bacteria is detected, in which the cornea, eyelids, and conjunctiva were affected.

Treatment with Ofloxacin in ointment form is also prescribed:

• with ocular chlamydia;
• with barley (dacryocystitis);
• in case of complications of an infectious nature after surgery due to eye injury (such consequences are possible even after the foreign body has been removed).

"OFLOXIN": reviews

“Ofloxin” drops treated conjunctivitis, after dripping first albucid for a week, then chloramphenicol. Nothing helped. The doctor said that apparently the infection was atypical and a stronger drug was needed. It became easier immediately, but I stayed through the full course.

I had to take ofloxin when I had severe pneumonia. The temperature did not go away with all the medications, I was delirious. When Ofloxin was prescribed, a miracle happened. The temperature immediately dropped and did not rise again. True, the pills are very heavy: after them I felt sick and dizzy. And then the dysbiosis was treated for six months. But I wouldn't have survived without them.

I have had chronic pyelonephritis since school, when the next exacerbation occurred, I bought regular pills, took them on drink - zero reaction. Temperature, back is breaking. They were taken to the hospital by ambulance. There they told me that through my self-medication I had developed bacteria resistance to conventional medications. They prescribed droppers with ofoloxin 2 times, and then another week of pills. I suffered through it all terribly: the nausea did not go away at all. I forced myself to eat. But it helped. People, don’t self-medicate, go to the doctor, otherwise you’ll have to take ofloxin, but it’s so poorly tolerated.

The role of antibiotics in raising chickens

There are diseases that simply cannot be completely cured without antibiotics. Timely diagnosis and use of appropriate medications will help protect the chicken population from death.

Veterinarians conditionally divide most diseases in poultry into two groups – infectious and invasive.

In case of invasion, the causative agent turns out to be a parasite, which affects the general condition of the chickens, which negatively affects the egg production of laying hens and weight gain in broilers. External symptoms of invasive disease. In this case, antibiotics are not used for chickens. Chicken is very vulnerable to side effects; we must try to avoid uncontrolled consumption of drugs.

Infectious diseases occur when a virus or microbe develops inside a bird's body.

Symptoms may vary, but most often poultry farmers notice:

• Breathing problems;
• Wheezing and coughing;
• Neck extension;
• Discharge from the eyes and nose;
• Dry eyes, etc.

Such symptoms can accompany many diseases: coccidiosis, mycoplasmosis, pullorosis, etc. In such cases, antibiotics are prescribed for broilers and laying hens.

There is no significant difference between the treatment of laying hens and meat types. Medicines for broilers are the same as for other types of poultry. But you still need to carefully read the annotations to the drugs and monitor the reaction of your patients to them.

Antibiotic Ofloxacin: description of the drug

Quinols have been widely used in medicine since 1962 due to their pharmacokinetics and bioavailability. Quinols are divided into two main groups:

1. non-fluidized;
2. fluoroquinols.

Fluoroquinolones are characterized by an antibacterial effect, which made it possible to use them for local treatment in the form of drops for the eyes and ears.

The effectiveness of fluoroquinolones is due to their mechanism of action - they inhibit DNA gyrase and topoisomerase, which disrupts DNA synthesis in the pathogenic cell.

The advantages of fluoroquinolones compared to antibiotics of natural origin are undeniable:

• Broad spectrum.
• High bioavailability and tissue penetration.
• A long period of elimination from the body, which gives a post-antibiotic effect.
• Easy absorption by the mucous membranes of the gastrointestinal tract.

Due to their wide range of applications and unique bactericidal effect (influence on organisms during growth and dormancy), antibiotics of the fluoroquinolone group are used in the treatment of genitourinary diseases and prostatitis.

The classification of fluoroquinolones represents the main generations, each subsequent of which has a more advanced antimicrobial effect:

1. 1st generation: oxolinic acid, pipemidic acid, nalidixic acid;
2. 2nd generation: lomefloxocin, pefloxocin, ofloxocin, ciprofloxocin, norfloxocin;
3. 3rd generation: levofloxacin, sparfloxacin;
4. 4th generation: moxifloxacin.

Humanity is constantly in search of the most powerful antibiotic, because only such a drug can guarantee a cure for many deadly diseases. Broad-spectrum antibiotics are considered the most effective - they can affect both gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.

Antibiotics are often used to treat diseases caused by different types of bacteria. To achieve a complete cure and not cause adverse reactions in the body, you must entrust the choice of drug to your doctor.

An antibiotic under the trade name Ofloxacin, if you go by the reviews, copes well with the infection, but it is not always prescribed; there must be justified indications for its use.

Before treatment with any drug, the instructions for its use should first be studied. This helps to understand whether the medicine has been chosen correctly and whether you can be specifically treated with it, since each antibiotic has its own group of contraindications.

• Infectious diseases of the upper respiratory tract, that is, bronchitis and pneumonia.
• Inflammatory diseases of the ENT organs - sinusitis, otitis, laryngitis, tracheitis, tonsillitis.
• Skin infections.
• Bacterial diseases of the abdominal cavity, pelvis, and urinary system.

In addition to the listed conditions, an antibiotic called Ofloxacin is used to treat sexually transmitted diseases; this medicine is also used in the treatment of tuberculosis as part of a complex course of therapy.

The main pharmacological action of Ofloxacin is antibacterial and bactericidal. The drug acts on almost all gram-negative, as well as some gram-positive microorganisms.

That is, this antibiotic has a wide spectrum of action, which allows it to be prescribed when the pathogen is not clearly identified. The minimum price for it does not make it difficult to use. In some cases, the total price of treatment may not exceed one hundred rubles.

Ofloxacin belongs to the fluoroquinolone antibiotics, its effectiveness is several times higher compared to antibiotics of other groups.

The instructions for use do not always contain information that this medicine belongs to the group of reserve drugs. That is, its purpose must be justified. Typically, this drug is prescribed when there is no effect from the use of other antibacterial agents.

And this is due to the fact that Ofloxacin has a lot of side effects, and after its use, another antibiotic will not be effective against infectious pathogens. In this regard, this medicine is prescribed after a person has received another course of treatment.

Ofloxacin tablets

The main form of release of Ofloxacin is tablets. One tablet contains 200 or 400 mg of the main active ingredient. In addition, the antibiotic is available in injection solutions and as an ointment, which is used to treat some eye diseases.

Eye drops called Floxal also contain ofloxacin; reviews of their use can be read on the relevant websites. The instructions for use explain when it is necessary to prescribe tablets and when the drug is injected.

The tablets are coated with an enteric film and are taken orally before meals or even during meals with water. It is not recommended to chew the tablets; the drug is quickly absorbed by the body and begins its work.

The doctor must decide what single dose, that is, 200 or 400 mg, is right for you. The single and daily dosage depends on the infection and the severity of its course. Typically, 200 to 800 mg of the drug is required per day.

Some sexually transmitted infections are treated with a single dose of 400 mg tablet. For children, the dose of the medicine is selected individually and is usually calculated based on body weight. If the tablets are prescribed once a day, then they should be taken in the first half of the day.

Patients with impaired liver function (as determined by tests) are usually prescribed tablets with a dosage of 200 mg once a day. An intravenous antibiotic is usually administered at a dose of 200 mg once a day.

The drug is in the form of an ointment

Ofloxacin ointment in tubes is applied subconjunctivally three to five times a day. Eye ointment is used for bacterial and chlamydial infections, styes, and corneal ulcers. This ointment is also prescribed after operations as a means of preventing infectious complications; the ointment, like the tablets, is not expensive. The price of a 5 gram tube starts at 40 rubles.

Floxal eye drops are prescribed by an ophthalmologist when bacterial eye diseases are detected. The drops penetrate the tear fluid quite well and begin to act within 10 minutes.

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Using eye drops, you do not need to wear contact lenses, and you also need to protect your eyes from sunlight. The price of drops starts from 220 rubles. The course of treatment and dosage are prescribed by the doctor.

Since 200 and 400 mg tablets, ointment, drops, and Ofloxacin solution contain strong antibacterial components, you must always take some precautions when using them.

The instructions for use indicate that the medicine is not prescribed for epilepsy, a tendency to convulsive syndrome, which can appear after a skull injury or after a stroke. Tablets of 200 and 400 mg are not prescribed until the age of 18, as they affect skeletal growth.

The ointment is not recommended for use in children under one year of age. Some reviews contain information that a medicine of 200 mg with a daily dosage of 400 mg was prescribed during pregnancy.

The minimum price for the drug allows patients to use it for a long time, but treatment should not last more than 2 months. During treatment with tablets of 200 and 400 mg, as well as the administration of solutions in the same dosage, it is necessary to avoid being outside in direct sunlight.

Please consult your doctor before use

Ofloxacin quickly leads to the disappearance of symptoms of the disease, but this does not mean that the drug should be stopped. The minimum course of treatment should not be less than one week. During therapy, especially if your dosage per day is 400 grams or more, various side effects may occur and reviews confirm this, mainly these:

• Abdominal symptoms, i.e. nausea, pain, diarrhea.
• Headache, dizziness, tremors, convulsions in case of overdose.
• Tachycardia, drop in blood pressure.
• Jades.

You should notify your doctor about the occurrence of any side effects. Perhaps the doctor will add other medications or replace this drug with an analogue. Analogues of Ofloxacin include Zanotsin, Zoflox, the price of these drugs is significantly higher.

Respiratory tract diseases are predominantly infectious and inflammatory in nature. And they are often caused by bacterial pathogens. Therefore, effective treatment is impossible without affecting the source of the pathology, i.e.

microbial factor. For this purpose, medications such as Levofloxacin are used. For those who are encountering the drug for the first time, the following questions are relevant: is it an antibiotic or not, which group does it belong to, what does it have, when and how is it used, does it have side effects and contraindications. You can get answers to them from your doctor or from the official instructions.

Characteristics

Levofloxacin is a synthetic substance. According to its chemical structure, it is the L-isomer of ofloxacin, due to which it has a more pronounced effectiveness compared to it.

It is a crystalline powder with a whitish-yellow tint, highly soluble in aqueous media. Able to form stable compounds with many metals. The pharmaceutical industry widely produces the drug in tablets or solution for infusion. But there are also dosage forms for topical use, for example, eye drops.

Antibiotics are the most effective drugs for many diseases. Ofloxacin is entirely classified as a fluoroquinolone antibiotic. It is a widely used drug. Sold only with a doctor's prescription.

Treatment regimen for prostatitis

The universal treatment regimen is two tablets per day; for prostatitis, Ofloxacin is prescribed at a dosage of 200 mg. The maximum permissible daily dosage is 800 mg. The duration of treatment depends on the characteristics of the disease.

For acute prostatitis, the medicine is prescribed for 10-14 days. This period is enough to effectively get rid of the causative agent of the disease. As a rule, acute symptoms disappear on the second day of treatment.

For chronic infectious prostatitis, the medicine must be taken for 28 days.

The tablets should be taken at the same time every day, preferably after meals, with plenty of water. When taking the medication for a long time, kidney function should be monitored.

For non-infectious prostatitis, the medicine is useless, since there is no focus of infection in the prostate, which means the drug will be ineffective. It should be noted that Ofloxacin only kills germs, but does not have an analgesic or decongestant effect. If there are no microbes, the drug is useless.

Overdose

Symptoms of an overdose of Ofloxacin: pain in various parts of the body, dizziness, nausea and vomiting, disorientation, lethargy, drowsiness, confusion. In case of overdose, gastric lavage is done, and then symptomatic treatment is prescribed.

To restore the body, detoxification is carried out to remove toxic substances, enhanced hydration to replenish fluid reserves in the body, and desensitizing therapy. A specific antidote is not indicated; the procedure of hemodialysis or peritoneal dialysis in this case is considered ineffective.

Dosage form:

solution for infusion.

Compound

Each bottle (100 ml) contains: Active substance: ofloxacin 200 mg. Excipients: sodium chloride, concentrated hydrochloric acid, disodium edetate dihydrate, water for injection.

Description Transparent solution with a light yellowish-greenish tint.

Pharmacotherapeutic group:

antimicrobial agent, fluoroquinolone.

Pharmacological properties

Pharmacodynamics A broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent from the group of fluoroquinolones, acts on the bacterial enzyme DNA hydrase, which ensures supercoiling and, thus, stability of bacterial DNA (destabilization of DNA chains leads to their death). Has a bactericidal effect. Active against microorganisms producing beta-lactamases and fast-growing atypical mycobacteria. Sensitive: Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Neisseria meningitidis, Escherichia coli, Citrobacter, Klebsiella spp. (including Klebsiella pneumonia), Enterobacter spp., Hafhia, Proteus spp. (including Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris - indole-positive and indole-negative), Salmonella spp., Shigella spp. (including Shigella sonnei), Yersinia enterocolitica, Campilobacter jejuni, Aeromonas hydrophila, Plesiomonas aeruginosa, Vibrio cholerae, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Haemophilus influenzae, Chlamydia spp., Legionella spp., Serratia spp., Providencia spp., Haemophilus ducreyi, Bordetella parapertussis, Bor detella pertussis, Moraxella catarrhalis, Propionibacterium acnes, Staphylococcus spp., Brucella spp. The following have varying sensitivity to the drug: Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus pyogenes, pneumoniae and viridans, Serratio marcescens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter, Mycoplasma hominis and pneumoniae, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, as well as Mycobacterium fortuim, Ureaplasma urealyticum, Clostridium perfringens, Corynebacterium spp., Helico bacter pylori Listeria monocytogenes, Gardnerella vaginalis. Generally insensitive: Nocardia asteroides, anaerobic bacteria (eg Bacteroides spp., Peptococcus spp., Peptostreptococcus spp., Eubacterium spp., Fusobacterium spp., Clostridium difficile). Does not affect Treponema pallidum.

Pharmacokinetics After a single 60-minute intravenous infusion of 200 mg ofloxacin, the average maximum plasma concentration is 2.7 mcg/ml; 12 hours after administration the concentration is 0.3 μg/ml. Steady-state concentrations are achieved after four doses. Mean peak and trough steady-state concentrations are 2.9 and 0.5 mcg/mL after intravenous administration of 200 mg ofloxacin every 12 hours for 7 days, respectively. Ofloxacin widely penetrates into many body fluids and tissues, including saliva, bronchial secretions, bile, lacrimal and cerebrospinal fluid, pus, lungs, prostate gland, and skin. Ofloxacin undergoes partial (5%) metabolism in the liver. Plasma protein binding is 20-25%. The half-life of ofloxacin is 6-7 hours. Up to 80% of the drug taken orally is excreted unchanged by the kidneys, a small part of the active substance is also excreted in the feces. In patients with impaired renal function (creatinine clearance 50 ml or less), the half-life of ofloxacin increases.

Indications for use

Infections of the respiratory tract (bronchitis, pneumonia), ENT organs (sinusitis, pharyngitis, otitis media, laryngitis), skin, soft tissues, bones, joints, infectious and inflammatory diseases of the abdominal cavity and biliary tract (except for bacterial enteritis), kidneys ( pyelonephritis), urinary tract (cystitis, urethritis), pelvic organs (endometritis, salpingitis, oophoritis, cervicitis, parametritis, prostatitis), genital organs (colpitis, orchitis, epididymitis), gonorrhea, chlamydia; septicemia (only for intravenous administration), meningitis; prevention of infections in patients with impaired immune status (including neutropenia).

Contraindications

Hypersensitivity, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, epilepsy (including a history), decreased seizure threshold (including after traumatic brain injury, stroke or inflammatory processes in the central nervous system); age up to 18 years (skeletal growth is not yet completed), pregnancy, lactation. With caution - atherosclerosis of cerebral vessels, cerebrovascular accidents (history), chronic renal failure, organic lesions of the central nervous system.

Method of administration and dosage Intravenous drip. Doses are selected individually depending on the location and severity of the infection, as well as the sensitivity of microorganisms, the general condition of the patient and the function of the liver and kidneys. Intravenous drip administration begins with a single dose of 200 mg, which is administered slowly over 30-60 minutes. If the patient's condition improves, the patient is transferred to oral administration of the drug in the same daily dose. Urinary tract infections - 100 mg 1-2 times a day, kidney and genital infections - from 100 mg 2 times a day to 200 mg 2 times a day, respiratory tract infections, as well as ENT organs, skin and soft tissue infections, infections of bones and joints, abdominal infections, bacterial enteritis, septic infections - 200 mg 2 times a day. If necessary, the dose is increased to 400 mg 2 times a day. For the prevention of infections in patients with a pronounced decrease in immunity - 400-600 mg/day. If necessary, 200 mg intravenously in a 5% glucose solution. Infusion duration -30 min. Only freshly prepared solutions should be used. In patients with impaired renal function (with a creatinine clearance (CC) of 50-20 ml/min), a single dose should be 50% of the average dose with a frequency of administration 2 times a day, or the full single dose is administered 1 time a day. For CC less than 20 ml/min, a single dose is 200 mg, then 100 mg per day every other day. For hemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis - 100 mg every 24 hours. The maximum daily dose for liver failure is 400 mg/day.

Side effects

From the digestive system: gastralgia, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, flatulence, abdominal pain, increased activity of “liver” transaminases, hyperbilirubinemia, cholestatic jaundice, pseudomembranous enterocolitis. From the nervous system: headache, dizziness, uncertainty of movements, tremors, convulsions, numbness and paresthesia of the extremities, intense dreams, “nightmare” dreams, psychotic reactions, anxiety, psychomotor agitation, phobias, depression, confusion, hallucinations, increased intracranial pressure . From the musculoskeletal system: tendinitis, myalgia, arthralgia, tenosynovitis, tendon rupture. From the senses: impaired color vision, diplopia, disorders of taste, smell, hearing and balance. From the cardiovascular system: tachycardia, decreased blood pressure (with intravenous administration; if there is a sharp decrease in blood pressure, the administration is stopped), vasculitis, collapse. Allergic reactions: skin rash, skin itching, urticaria, allergic pneumonitis, allergic nephritis, eosinophilia, fever, Quincke's edema, bronchospasm, Stevens-Johnson and Lyell syndrome, photosensitivity, exudative erythema multiforme, anaphylactic shock. From the skin: pinpoint hemorrhages (petechiae), bullous hemorrhagic dermatitis, papular rash with crust, indicating vascular damage (vasculitis). From the hematopoietic organs: leukopenia, agranulocytosis, anemia, thrombocytopenia, pancytopenia, hemolytic and aplastic anemia. From the urinary system: acute interstitial nephritis, impaired renal function, hypercreatininemia, increased urea content. Other: dysbacteriosis, superinfection, hypoglycemia (in patients with diabetes), vaginitis. Local reactions: pain, redness at the injection site, thrombophlebitis (with intravenous administration).

Overdose

Symptoms: dizziness, confusion, lethargy, disorientation, drowsiness, vomiting. Treatment: gastric lavage, symptomatic therapy.

Interaction with other drugs

Compatible with the following infusion solutions: isotonic sodium chloride solution, Ringer's solution, 5% fructose solution, 5% dextrose solution. Do not mix with heparin (risk of precipitation). Reduces the clearance of theophylline by 25% (with simultaneous use, the dose of theophylline should be reduced). Cimetidine, furosemide, methotrexate and drugs that block tubular secretion increase the concentration of ofloxacin in plasma. Increases the concentration of glibenclamide in plasma. When taken simultaneously with vitamin K antagonists, it is necessary to monitor the blood coagulation system. When prescribed with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, nitroimidazole derivatives and methylxanthines, the risk of developing neurotoxic effects increases. When administered concomitantly with glucocorticosteroids, the risk of tendon rupture increases, especially in the elderly. When prescribed with drugs that alkalinize urine (carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, citrates, sodium bicarbonate), the risk of crystalluria and nephrotoxic effects increases.

special instructions

It is not the drug of choice for pneumonia caused by pneumococci. Not indicated for the treatment of acute tonsillitis. It is not recommended to use for more than 2 months, to be exposed to sunlight, ultraviolet rays (mercury-quartz lamps, solarium). In case of side effects from the central nervous system, allergic reactions, pseudomembranous colitis, discontinuation of the drug is necessary. For pseudomembranous colitis confirmed by colonoscopy and/or histology, oral administration of vancomycin and metronidazole is indicated. Rarely, tendinitis can lead to tendon rupture (mostly the Achilles tendon), especially in older patients. If signs of tendinitis occur, you must immediately stop treatment, immobilize the Achilles tendon and consult an orthopedist. During the treatment period, it is necessary to refrain from driving vehicles and engaging in potentially hazardous activities that require increased concentration and speed of psychomotor reactions, and you should not consume ethanol. When using the drug, women are not recommended to use tampons, due to the increased risk of developing thrush. During treatment, the course of myasthenia gravis may worsen and attacks of porphyria may increase in predisposed patients. May lead to false negative results in the bacteriological diagnosis of tuberculosis (prevents the isolation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis). In patients with impaired liver or kidney function, monitoring of plasma concentrations of ofloxacin is necessary. In case of severe renal and hepatic insufficiency, the risk of developing toxic effects increases (dose adjustment is required). In children, it is used only when there is a threat to life, taking into account the expected benefits and the potential risk of side effects, when it is impossible to use other, less toxic drugs. The average daily dose in this case is 7.5 mg/kg, the maximum is 15 mg/kg.

Release form

Solution for infusion 2 mg/ml. 100 ml of the drug in a colorless glass bottle (hydrolytic class I or P), sealed with a rubber stopper and an aluminum cap for rolling in with a flip-off cap. Each bottle, along with instructions for use, is placed in a cardboard box.

Storage conditions

List B. In a dry place, protected from light at a temperature of 10 - 25°C. Keep out of the reach of children.

Best before date

3 years. Do not use after expiration date.

Conditions for dispensing from pharmacies

On prescription

Manufacturer

ZENTIVA a.s., Czech Republic (Prague 10, 10237), manufactured by Fresenius Kabi Austria GmbH, Austria

ATX Code:

[J01MA01]
Attention! The description of the drug on this page is simplified. Before purchasing and using the drug, consult your doctor or pharmacist, and also read the instructions approved by the manufacturer. Information about the drug is provided for informational purposes only and should not be used as a guide to self-medication.

Additionally

During therapy with ofloxacin, you should not take alcohol or ethanol-containing drugs. When taking the drug, it is not recommended to work with complex mechanisms and drive vehicles, since ofloxacin slows down the speed of the psychomotor response.

In pediatrics, the use of ofloxacin is limited to cases where the use of other, less toxic drugs is impossible or ineffective. In this case, the daily dose of ofloxacin is 7.5 mg/kg of the child’s body weight, the maximum daily dose should not exceed 15 mg/kg.

100 ml of ofloxacin solution contains 15.9 mmol Cl-, 15.4 mmol Na+.

Ofloxacin is not used as a treatment of choice for pneumococcal pneumonia. Not indicated in the treatment of acute tonsillitis. Do not take for more than 2 months. While taking the drug, you should avoid exposure to UV rays (solarium, mercury-quartz lamps). If pseudomembranous colitis develops, vancomycin should be used; ofloxacin should be discontinued in this case. If symptoms of tendonitis develop, there is a risk of rupture of the Achilles tendon (especially in the elderly), so the drug should be discontinued, the joint should be immobilized, and an orthopedic traumatologist should be consulted.