Chalazion of the upper or lower eyelid - causes, symptoms, diagnosis and treatment

What is a chalazion

An ophthalmic disease is characterized by inflammation that develops on the eyelids. Chalazion in translation means hardening, nodule, hailstone, which confirms the appearance of the observed formation. This disease:

• has code H00.1 according to the International Classification of Diseases ICD-10;
• benign compaction deep in the tissues of the eyelid;
• develops as a result of blockage of the meibomian gland;
• accompanied by inflammation, swelling, suppuration;
• characterized by pressure on the eyeball, irritation of the membranes;
• occurs in a chronic form.

The eyelids have special meibomian glands located in the eyelash area. Their purpose is to produce a fatty secretion that covers the surface of the eyeball. The resulting lipid layer of the film prevents the evaporation of tears and ensures eye hydration. If for some reason there is a blockage of the excretory duct of the gland, the following occurs in it:

• accumulation of sebaceous secretions;
• impossibility of bringing it out;
• bacterial infection of the glands;
• development of a chronic inflammatory process;
• the appearance of a benign formation similar to a capsule.

What it is?

An eyelid chalazion (chalazion) is a benign tumor that develops due to a blockage of the meibomian gland and, in severe cases, causes distortion of vision. Meibomian glands are located along the edge of the eyelid in an amount of 50 to 70 pieces. The function of the gland is to moisturize the cornea and prevent the evaporation of tears by secreting a sebaceous secretion.

After the external opening of the gland is blocked, the secretion still continues to form, but, unable to come to the surface, it accumulates and forms a tumor the size of a millet to an average pea. The body's immune cells perceive the accumulated secretions of the gland as a foreign dangerous body and form a capsule around the accumulation. Over time, the eyelid turns red, swells, and irritates the eye.

It is possible for the abscess to spontaneously open and thus cause inflammatory diseases of the eye. If left untreated, the gland atrophies and loses its functional ability. The consequence of this process is dry eye syndrome. Chalazion can occur in anyone, regardless of their age. But according to statistics, people between 30 and 50 years of age most often suffer from this disease. Statistically, both lower eyelid chalazion and upper eyelid chalazion are equally common.

Differences between chalazion and stye

Both eye diseases are a reason to consult an ophthalmologist. Barley and chalazion have similar symptoms, but require a special approach to treatment. In such a situation, correct diagnosis is important. Doctors distinguish the characteristics of these pathologies. For barley:

• inflammation of the glands occurs in acute form;
• the disease is characterized by an infectious basis;
• a common pathogen is Staphylococcus aureus;
• symptoms are pronounced;
• purulent discharge is observed;
• localization of formation - edge of the eyelid;
• inflammation occurs rapidly.

A chalazion on the eye is distinguished by:

• chronic form of the disease with a slow progression of processes;
• formation of a dense capsule inside the tissues;
• smoothed signs of inflammation;
• the presence of a large number of reasons for the appearance of the disease;
• localization area - in the thickness of the cartilage around the sebaceous gland;
• the likelihood of the compaction developing into a cyst;
• the possibility of weakening the inflammatory process and reducing the size of the tumor.

Is surgery necessary for chalazion?

It is necessary to treat chalazion surgically in several cases:

• with low effectiveness of the drug course;
• if there is a large seal;
• against the background of frequent relapses of the disease;
• when the compaction degenerates into a malignant neoplasm (adenocarcinoma of the meibomian gland).

The operation is performed in one of two ways - classical or using a laser beam. In the first case, all manipulations are carried out under local anesthesia, and the seal is removed along with the capsule. If there is a fistulous tract in the eyelid area, an incision is made along it and the altered tissue is excised. At the final stage of the procedure, stitches and a tight bandage are applied. In order to successfully restore and prevent inflammation, the patient is prescribed ophthalmic medications. In most cases, eye drops or ointments are prescribed in a 5-7 day course.

Laser tumor removal is a modern alternative to classical surgery. The surgeon cuts the capsule with a laser and removes the contents of the chalazion. Subsequent evaporation of the capsule occurs under the influence of laser radiation.

Removing a tumor using a laser is recognized as a less traumatic surgical procedure. This method eliminates the need for stitches, allows for quick recovery, and helps prevent relapse.

Causes

The main factor in the development of chalazion is the appearance of a thick secretion that is difficult to remove. The exact reasons for the formation of this phenomenon have not been established. According to the observations of specialists, the following diseases lead to thickening of secretory secretions:

• digestive system – enterocolitis, pancreatitis, gastritis, intestinal dysbiosis, biliary dyskinesia;
• allergic pathologies – conjunctivitis, hay fever, seborrheic blepharitis;
• helminthic infestations;
• skin ailments – rosacea, seborrheic dermatitis;
• diabetes.

The following can cause the development of the disease:

• inflammation of the eyelid margins – demodicosis, untreated stye;
• injuries caused by falling debris, cosmetics, false eyelashes;
• improper use of contact lenses;
• disturbances in the functioning of the endocrine glands;
• lack of B vitamins;
• active production of sebum;
• decreased immune defense of the body;
• farsightedness;
• uncontrolled proliferation of meibomian gland cells.

Provoking factors for the development of duct blockage are:

• violation of hygiene - rubbing, touching eyes with dirty hands;
• using a sick person's towel;
• use of low-quality, expired cosmetics;
• colds;
• hypothermia;
• hormonal imbalance;
• avitaminosis;
• dust mites living in down and feather pillows, causing irritation of the skin of the eyelids;
• makeup left overnight - particles of cosmetics, once in the gland duct, can cause blockage.

The child has

Children are at risk for developing chalazion. If symptoms of eye inflammation appear, you should urgently visit an ophthalmologist. This will help avoid surgery. Self-medication is unacceptable - without therapy, the neoplasm does not resolve, and a secondary infection cannot be ruled out. The causes of inflammatory processes in the eyes in childhood are:

• lack of personal hygiene;
• habit of rubbing your eyes with dirty hands;
• getting in contact with dirt and debris while walking;
• weakened immunity;
• infectious diseases;
• allergy.

Causes of chalazion

The disease can cause various problems. Chalazion is often caused by blockage of blood vessels or obstruction of the ducts of the sebaceous glands. Since the meibomian glands are designed to produce fluid that comes out of the lacrimal glands along with tears, when a small round hole is blocked, a lot of fluid accumulates in it, which eventually becomes a narrow passage. This will cause a lump to form and an inflammation called hailstone. Sometimes it appears due to a recent stye that has not been fully cured. In some situations, hailstones were observed in people who had recently suffered from conjunctivitis or blepharitis. This was due to the fact that during these diseases, swelling appeared, which prevented the release of fluid from the sebaceous glands.

It can develop in people with oily skin, diabetes, rosacea, seborrhea and gastrointestinal diseases. Also, factors for the occurrence of this disease include stress, hypothermia, hypovitaminosis, colds and infection that got into the eye due to non-compliance with personal hygiene rules or improper use of contact lenses.

The chalazion consists of granulation tissue and many epithelial and giant cells.

The photo shows the eye of a person with a chalazion.

Symptoms

Blockage of the glands with sebaceous secretions leads to the development of an inflammatory process. It is imperative to visit a specialist so that complications do not appear - abscess, phlegmon of the eyelid. The following symptoms will be the reason to consult an ophthalmologist:

• hyperemia of the skin in the eyes;
• formation of puffiness, swelling;
• the appearance of a subcutaneous nodule that is dense to the touch;
• the occurrence of pain when pressing;
• lack of clarity of vision;
• itching, burning, stinging in the eyes;
• problems of visual perception.

When a chalazion develops, the following signs of an inflammatory process are observed:

• increased sensitivity to light;
• loss of eyelashes;
• temporary astigmatism as a result of compression of the cornea of ​​the eye;
• heat;
• headache;
• double vision;
• severe pain around the eyes;
• increased lacrimation;
• granulation proliferation;
• dry skin;
• inflammation of the hair follicle of the eyelashes;
• suppuration;
• formation of a gray, red spot in the visual area.

Doctors note that symptoms depend on the stage of development of the disease. At the very beginning, when the formation of a compaction occurs, the patient does not notice the changes. Only by chance can you feel a pea of ​​small diameter deep in the tissues of the eyelid. As the tumor grows:

• the tumor is visible visually;
• its size increases;
• pressure begins on the eyeball;
• deformation of the eyelid occurs.

If you consult a doctor in a timely manner and undergo a course of treatment, the tumor may resolve. If conservative treatment methods for chalazion are not applied, it is possible:

• development of the inflammatory process;
• entry of harmful bacteria into the ducts;
• the occurrence of an autoimmune reaction if the capsule is destroyed and blood gets into it;
• the appearance of throbbing pain;
• temperature increase;
• spontaneous opening of the capsule;
• formation of a fistula tract;
• infectious lesion with purulent discharge - requires immediate removal.

Can a chalazion go away on its own?

Chalazion and stye are very similar diseases, but due to different etiologies, they require different treatment. A stye on the eye often goes away on its own, without medical help. But can the chalazion itself resolve? Such cases occur in medical practice, however, they are very rare and require a lot of time. Without timely treatment, hailstones turn into a cyst and lead to the development of serious complications. If an adult or child has a swelling on the eyelid that is increasing in size, then it is necessary to contact an ophthalmologist as soon as possible, and not wait for the problem to disappear on its own.

Kinds

Ophthalmic pathology can affect both eyes. Several tumors may appear at once. There are features of the localization of clogged ducts with sebaceous contents. The location of the chalazion is found in the area:

• Upper eyelid. The seal is located in the thickness of the cartilaginous tissue. The protrusion of the node is visually noticeable.
• Lower eyelid. The tumor is located on the inside along the edge of the eyelashes. No changes are visible from the outside. The situation is dangerous - the focus of the disease is located close to the conjunctiva; with secondary infection, the appearance of a mushroom-like granuloma cannot be ruled out.

There are several types of chalazion depending on the severity:

• Plum compote
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Symptoms and photos

Inflammation with chalazion (see photo) always appears at the edge of the eyelid, closer to the outlets of the sebaceous glands. With this disease, a dense node forms on the lower eyelid, which can be 5-6 millimeters in diameter (less often – 7 millimeters or more).

Basically, such formations do not protrude outward, but inward, and put pressure on the eyeball.

Due to the possible complications and consequences of such pressure, chalazion inside the eyelid must be treated immediately when the following characteristic symptoms are detected:

• itching and burning in the lower eyelid area;
• involuntary lacrimation;
• swelling and redness of the affected eyelid;
• sometimes – a slight increase in general body temperature;
• in the first days of the development of the disease there is no pain, but after a while, when you press a finger on the formed nodule, the area of ​​pressure will hurt.

Unlike a chalazion of the upper eyelid, in which the nodule is clearly visible, in this case the disease is not so obvious and more closely resembles a typical stye, while due to the structure of the visual organs, the chalazion of the lower eyelid adheres more tightly to the eyeball. This is fraught not only with the consequences of pressure on the eyeball, but also with the likelihood of infection of the mucous membrane of the eye.

In the absence of treatment, the disease inevitably turns into the form of a cyst filled with mucous contents, but sometimes it does not reach this point, and the swelling nodule opens itself, which also risks the entry of an infected mass onto the mucous membrane.

Diagnostics

An experienced specialist will determine the disease during an external examination. There is compaction in the tissues, local hyperemia on the inner surface, and a lag in blinking of the affected eye. A correct diagnosis, especially at the initial stage, will help to quickly cope with chalazion. If relapses of the disease occur, numerous neoplasms appear, it is necessary:

• find out the cause of their occurrence;
• establish a diagnosis that has caused a decrease in the body’s defenses;
• cure the causative disease - this will help get rid of eye problems.

In a difficult situation, the ophthalmologist prescribes tests:

• culture for staphylococcus to identify the causative agent of infection;
• examination of eyelashes, skin scrapings, and the contents of papules for the presence of mites;
• stool analysis for the presence of helminthic infestation, identification of the pathogen;
• scraping of the genital mucosa to identify sexually transmitted infections;
• screening immunogram - determination of the status of the immune system.

To make an accurate diagnosis, doctors prescribe blood tests:

• for the bacteria Helicobacter pylori - the presence of the pathogen in the duodenum, stomach;
• general – detection of inflammation by a high level of leukocytes, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR);
• biochemical – deviations from the norm signal pathologies of internal organs;
• for glucose levels - diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, peripheral vascular disorders;
• culture for sterility - detection of pathogenic microorganisms in the blood.

Symptoms

The first symptoms of the disease have much in common with the course of meibomitis. That is why chalazion is often called “frozen barley.”

As the disease develops, the patient experiences:

1. Slight soreness in the eye area.
2. Slight swelling.
3. Mild itching.
4. Discomfort.

As a result of an ophthalmological examination, an area of ​​local hyperemia is detected, in the center of which a grayish color predominates. In some patients, several lumps form simultaneously on both eyelids.

After a few days, the discomfort subsides. The main sign of a developing disease is the presence of swelling. Gradually, this area takes on the appearance of a red pea.

At the initial stage, it is important to determine what type of tumor is developing in the eyelid area - barley or chalazion. A characteristic feature of the latter is its formation in the depths, away from the edge of the eyelids. It is typical for stye to be located on the lash line.

Chalazion treatment

The earlier the inflammatory process on the eyelids is diagnosed, the easier it is to cope with it. Self-resorption without treatment is impossible. Therapy at an early stage is performed using a conservative method, which leads to rapid elimination of the cyst. Ophthalmologists prescribe:

• instillation – introduction of disinfectant eye drops into the duct cavity;
• dry heat compresses;
• putting ointments in the eyes;
• massage of the clogged duct and eyelid.

With the development of the inflammatory process, when the size of the tumor does not exceed 4 mm, medications and physiotherapy are prescribed. The course of treatment lasts a week. Popular methods of treating chalazion:

• injections of corticosteroid drugs into the tumor - Triamcinolone, Betamethasone - are carried out by an ophthalmologist;
• use of ointments Hydrocortisone, Dexamethasone;
• physiotherapy to activate blood circulation, stimulate resorption - UHF, electrophoresis, laser heating.

If the clogged glands become infected, the size of the compaction exceeds 5 mm, purulent discharge appears, urgent surgical intervention is necessary. The ophthalmologist removes the capsule with its contents. There are two ways to perform the operation:

• surgical excision of the tumor;
• use of laser beam energy.

Chalazion in a child

Chalazion can occur not only in adults, but also in children. Most often, chalazion in a child is a consequence of regular acute respiratory viral infections, weak immunity or diabetes. In children with problems with the digestive tract, hailstones cannot be ruled out. With dysbacteriosis, swelling in the eye is a fairly regular occurrence. The operation is performed using local anesthesia. It is necessary to invert the eyelid, pinch it, cut the conjunctiva and remove the capsule. The remaining hole should be cleaned and treated with a disinfectant, and an antibiotic should be injected under the conjunctiva. The eye is then covered with a tight bandage; no stitches are required.

Those children who suffer from systematic chalazion are recommended to undergo a detailed examination. To do this, you need to visit a pediatrician, immunologist and gastroenterologist. They will determine the cause of the frequent occurrence of this disease, help boost immunity and improve overall health. This will prevent relapse of the disease.

It is strictly forbidden to self-medicate chalazion, as this can lead to serious consequences!

After applying egg and onion compresses or herbal compresses, the infection may develop again. Treatment methods using heat are carried out carefully and only at the early stage of the disease, when there is no inflammation yet.

Most often, its reappearance in children is observed in the same place, much less often in different places. Relapse indicates incomplete removal of the previous tumor. Chalazion can progress in children with farsightedness. In this case, it is recommended to resort to vision correction as soon as possible using glasses or special eye exercises.

The appearance of this disease indicates reduced immunity or a congenital or acquired unstable organism to gram-positive bacteria. In such a situation, an immunologist can help. Many doctors agree that children may have blocked meibomian glands due to incomplete physical development. Narrow ducts and poor functioning of smooth muscle cells may be observed. With the help of eyelid massage you can get rid of this pathology. As a last resort, you should contact a scientific institution that deals with eye diseases.

Treatment at home

When a chalazion appears, it is unacceptable to self-medicate - the development of an abscess or conjunctivitis is possible. Home therapy should be prescribed by a doctor. Methods of combating the disease depend on the stage of development of the inflammatory process. With early diagnosis, resorption of the seal ensures:

• warming up with dry heat - accelerates blood flow, promotes the discharge of secretions, elimination of the capsule;
• the use of corticosteroid ointments – relieves inflammation;
• massage of the affected eyelid – activates metabolic processes, helps cleanse the ducts.

Treatment of chalazion without surgery at home at the initial stage of the disease is carried out using several medications. Doctors recommend using a ten-day course:

• instilling the drug Floxal up to 4 times a day, two drops and using hydrocortisone ointment in the morning and evening;
• Tobrex – 2 drops three times a day and yellow-mercury ointment twice a day.

With the development of a purulent inflammatory process, the disease is treated using medications. The main goal is to break through the capsule and naturally remove pus. In this case, take into account the location of the seal:

• Chalazion of the upper eyelid is treated by applying Ichthyol ointment to the outer surface twice a day. Avoid contact of the drug with the eyes.
• Chalazion of the lower eyelid requires placing a strip of Erythromycin or Tetracycline ointment inside and additionally lubricating it externally three times a day.

To eliminate the infection, medications with antibacterial action are used:

• Ciprofloxacin drops - one every four hours;
• oral administration of Biseptol at elevated temperatures;
• drops Tsipromed, Albucid - up to 8 times a day to prevent the development of infection after a duct rupture;
• ointments with antibiotics that stop inflammation after the discharge of pus - Tetracycline, Levomycetin - are placed under the lower eyelid three times a day.

Diet

One of the ways to prevent the development of chalazion is dietary nutrition. To reduce relapses of the disease, doctors recommend eliminating harmful foods from the diet. These include:

• dishes prepared by smoking, salting, frying;
• hot seasonings, spices;
• fatty meat, fish, dairy products;
• semi-finished products;
• alcohol;
• sugar, sweets;
• coffee;
• strong tea;
• canned food.

It is important that dietary nutrition is balanced in composition. Eating foods rich in omega-3 fatty acids, vegetables and fruits will help cope with the disease and prevent its development. It is useful to include in the diet:

• linseed oil;
• poultry meat;
• low fat dairy products;
• blueberries, blueberries;
• fatty fish - herring, smelt, sardine, salmon;
• greens - dill, parsley, salads;
• red pepper;
• cabbage

Of no small importance in dietary nutrition for chalazion is food enriched with vitamins:

• A – carrots, pumpkin;
• group B – eggs, liver, walnuts, sea buckthorn, heart, kidneys;
• C – rose hips, currants, citrus fruits, apples, tomatoes, Brussels sprouts;
• nicotinic acid (PP) – squid, mackerel, pine nuts, turkey meat, peanuts;
• D – egg yolk, fish oil, herring.

Is it possible to heat a chalazion?

Treatments involving the use of heat should be treated with caution. Its implementation must be agreed with the doctor. Warming up the chalazion can provoke the development of dangerous consequences - phlegmon of the eyelid, abscess, purulent meningitis, even death. The procedure is contraindicated in the presence of an inflammatory process. At the onset of the disease, heating:

• improves blood circulation;
• promotes the opening of ducts;
• accelerates the resorption of the capsule.

Ophthalmologists recommend warming up 5 times a day for 15 minutes. It is useful to use dry heat - it is not advisable to use wet wipes. To carry out the procedure use:

• a boiled egg, which should be wrapped in a cotton napkin to avoid getting burned;
• cereal heated over a fire in a bag made of natural fabric - pre-cool to a comfortable temperature;
• blue lamp.

Treatment prognosis

With timely treatment of chalazion, the prognosis is favorable in 90% of cases. Relapses are possible in people with a reduced immune status.

In an advanced form, complications are possible in the form of inflammation in the chalazion cavity, the development of an abscess or phlegmon. A rare complication of hailstones (usually in people over 40 years of age) is the formation of a cyst or malignancy of the pathology. Therefore, after any operation to remove a chalazion, its contents are sent for analysis.

You shouldn’t take your health lightly and don’t care about your body’s signals. If treatment is started promptly, chalazion is usually harmless. However, when starting a process, a small pea can grow into a big problem that requires a large amount of money and effort to solve. Take care of your health!

Conservative methods

To cure chalazion without surgery, conservative methods are used. They are effective until the inflammatory process begins. Treatment of the disease includes:

• use of antibacterial ointments;
• treating surfaces with antiseptic solutions;
• massage procedures at the initial stage and during remission;
• physiotherapy – laser, UHF, electrophoresis, ultraviolet irradiation;
• dietary nutrition;
• use of eye drops;
• use of antibiotics for internal use;
• taking Immunoglobulin to increase defenses.

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Massage of the century

Carrying out this procedure helps to enhance microcirculation and activate metabolic processes. During massage, the clogged ducts expand, thick secretions are removed, and the meibomian gland canal is cleansed. The procedure can be performed by a doctor using a special microscope - a slit lamp. It does:

• mechanical compression of the eyelid;
• directed movements from the periphery to the edge.

It is useful to do massage at home. It is carried out at the initial stage of the disease or during the period after inflammation has been relieved, pus has been removed, in order to speed up healing. Features of the procedure:

• heat with dry heat;
• perform circular rotations towards the eyelashes;
• session duration – 15 minutes;
• frequency – up to five times a day;
• carry out the procedure daily;
• it is allowed to use Blefarogel-2, castor oil;
• remove the removed secretion with a napkin;
• carry out antiseptic treatment of the eye.

Ointment

The use of medications in the form of ointments is effective at all stages of the disease. The drugs differ in their action and are prescribed depending on the symptoms and condition of the patient. Popular drugs for the treatment of eyelid diseases:

• Hydrocortisone – eliminates inflammation, pain, itching, relieves swelling, has an antiallergic effect;
• Yellow-mercury ointment - accelerates resorption, draws out pus;
• Levomekol – regenerates tissue, eliminates inflammation;
• Vishnevsky ointment - has antibacterial properties, promotes the breakthrough of the purulent sac.

An effective remedy for the treatment of chalazion is Ichthyol ointment. The medicine has:

• disinfectant, antiseptic effect, draws out pus, eliminates flaking, itching, increases the elasticity of the epidermis;
• indications for use – boils, acne;
• active ingredient – ​​ichthammol;
• apply a thin layer twice a day to the outer surface of the eyelid - contact with the eyes is unacceptable;
• contraindications – sensitivity to components;
• side effects - allergic reactions.

A popular ophthalmic agent is Erythromycin ointment. The drug characterizes:

• therapeutic effect - eliminating bacteria, relieving pain, itching;
• composition – antibiotic erythromycin from the macrolide group;
• indications for use – barley, conjunctivitis;
• dosage – apply a thin strip to the inner surface of the eyelid three times a day;
• positive aspects - speed;
• contraindications – sensitivity to macrolides, pathologies of the kidneys, liver, jaundice;
• side effects - redness, itching.

Drops

When treating ophthalmological diseases, one cannot do without the use of medicinal solutions. Eye drops have anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiallergic effects. Popular medicines:

• Tobrex – neutralizes inflammation, produces a powerful antibacterial effect;
• Floxal - is safe, fast-acting, and is used to treat infants;
• Tsipromed – recommended at the onset of the disease, destroys pathogenic microorganisms;
• Diclofenac – produces pain relief, relieves inflammation.

Drops with an antibacterial effect of Oftaquix inhibit the synthesis of DNA of microorganisms. The drug characterizes:

• therapeutic effect – counteracting bacterial infections;
• composition – antibiotic of the fluoroquinolone group – levofloxacin;
• indications for use – infectious eye pathologies;
• positive aspects - the possibility of use for children starting from one year;
• dosage – up to 8 times a day, according to the regimen prescribed by the doctor, course – 5 days;
• contraindications – pregnancy, sensitivity to components, lactation period;
• side effects - burning, decreased vision.

A popular ophthalmic drug is Ciprofloxacin drops, which are distinguished by:

• antibacterial effect against most microorganisms;
• indications – infectious and inflammatory eye pathologies;
• composition – antibiotic ciprofloxacin;
• dosage – 2 drops every 4 hours as prescribed by a doctor;
• contraindications – pregnancy, age under 18 years, intolerance to components;
• side effects - hyperemia, soreness.

How to treat chalazion

At an early stage of the disease, conservative methods and physiotherapy become effective. If there are certain indications, surgical intervention is performed.

Folk remedies are considered an auxiliary way to eliminate chalazion. Most often they are included in the general treatment regimen for compaction.

Treatment of eyelid tumors is aimed at resolving it, eliminating negative symptoms, and suppressing the activity of cells that form a dense capsule. The important point is to eliminate all purulent contents. If even a small amount of exudate remains, there is a high risk of relapse.

Features of the therapeutic process

The treatment process for chalazion in an adult often takes a long period of time. The selection of effective methods of therapy is carried out taking into account the characteristics of the disease and the personal characteristics of the patient.

An important condition for high-quality treatment of seals in the eyelid area is an integrated approach. The use of one of the medications is often not enough. That is why a medication course involves the parallel use of several effective drugs.

Physiotherapeutic activities

In order to provide an anti-inflammatory and absorbable effect, patients with an ocular tumor are advised to use dry thermal compresses, UHF. Massage sessions for the eyelids and clogged meibomian glands are effective.

If there is acute inflammation of the chalazion, heat therapy is prohibited - in such a situation, treatment sessions can lead to inflammation of adjacent areas and result in abscess formation.

Is it possible to pierce the formation with a needle?

It is strictly prohibited to independently manipulate needles in the area of ​​chalazion formation. Such actions are unsafe, fraught with the development of infection and aggravation of the disease. The needle can only be used by medical personnel to perform anti-inflammatory, absorbable injections.

If the growth has broken through

Natural breakthrough of formation in the eyelid area, without external intervention, often contributes to accelerated recovery of the patient. In this case, it is important to periodically treat the resulting wound with a disinfectant.

In case of sudden chalazion rupture, it is recommended to visit an ophthalmologist. The specialist will prescribe the necessary treatment measures to help avoid infection of the organs of vision.

Folk remedies for treating illness

Effective folk remedies that help get rid of chalazion at home include:

1. Salt.
2. Dill.
3. Calendula.

A small amount of salt is heated in a frying pan and placed in a small cloth bag. The nodule is applied to the pathological area for 5-7 minutes. After this procedure, pus comes out and the gland ducts self-clean.

A tablespoon of fresh chopped dill should be poured into 400 ml of boiling water and left for an hour. Then the composition is filtered and used for daily lotions.

An infusion is prepared with calendula (2 tablespoons of dry plant + a glass of boiling water). After 30 minutes, the product is slightly cooled, filtered, soaked in a gauze bandage and applied to the affected eye. This “medicine” stops inflammation and the infectious process.

Operation

If conservative therapy does not produce results or the disease is in an advanced form, surgery is prescribed. Indications for this procedure include large size lumps and suspicion of a tumor. The procedure is not done for inflammation or recent infections. There are two methods of surgical intervention - surgical excision and exposure to a laser beam. With the latter method, the capsule is destroyed and the contents evaporate. The method features:

• safety;
• low-injury;
• no seams;
• minus - high cost.

The surgical operation is performed in a hospital setting. The seal is removed from the inside of the eyelid by making an incision through the conjunctiva. After surgery, unpleasant consequences cannot be ruled out:

• swelling inside the eyelid due to the proliferation of connective tissues;
• formation of hematomas - hemorrhages and swelling;
• the appearance of compactions in other places of the eyelid.

More often, the operation has a favorable prognosis. Surgical intervention is performed according to the following scheme:

• local anesthesia is performed - an anesthetic is injected subcutaneously;
• the area of ​​the neoplasm is covered with special tweezers with a window;
• make an incision with a scalpel;
• remove the capsule along with its contents;
• cauterized with iodine;
• apply a suture;
• make a tight bandage over the eye to prevent hematoma formation;
• postoperative antibiotic therapy is prescribed.

What should you do if your animal has a tumor on the eyelid?

You need to visit an ophthalmologist as soon as possible. Treatment of the tumor is surgical removal. V-eyelid surgery is performed. It is very important to completely remove the tumor, including the growth area. If you remove only the upper part of the tumor and leave the “leg”, then in a short time a much larger tumor will grow in the same place. After surgery, it is advisable to send the tumor for histological examination to confirm the diagnosis and the possibility of further prognosis.

Figure 1. V-eyelid surgery. A) B) removal of the affected area of ​​the eyelid; C) suturing the skin defect; D) eyelid after healing.

How does a chalazion break out?

Doctors do not recommend squeezing out the contents of a blocked duct on your own. It is easy to get an infection that can cause serious complications - purulent meningitis, sepsis. The location of the seal on the inner surface of the eyelid can cause an inflammatory process of the mucous membrane and cornea. The seal breaks through as a result of treatment:

• contents leak out of the blocked gland;
• swelling decreases;
• the tumor is eliminated;
• It is necessary to organize antiseptic protection using ointments and drops to prevent infection.

Complications of the disease

The likelihood of developing complications increases significantly with weakened immunity, neglect of treatment, and non-compliance with medical recommendations to eliminate the pathology. In such cases, the patient may experience:

• keratitis;
• abscess;
• phlegmon;
• meningitis.

In some situations, a chalazion transforms into a cystic formation or malignant tumor. Excessive compression of the seal is fraught with hemorrhage in the retina, damage to the optic nerve, photophobia, and blurred vision.

Folk remedies

The use of recipes based on the use of natural ingredients should be in addition to conservative therapy and agreed with a doctor. Folk remedies are effective at the initial stage of the disease, before inflammation has yet begun. Healers advise:

• make a compress with chilled baked onions at night;
• Lubricate the bulge on the outside of the eyelid several times a day with a cut of a clove of garlic;
• warm the seal with a warm egg and hot salt;
• Apply fresh aloe juice to the outer surface up to five times a day.

Among the effective methods of treatment with folk remedies is massaging the eyelid from the outside for a minute using a heated drop of honey. A compress made from a cut aloe leaf, applied for a quarter of an hour. It is useful to prepare a decoction for washing the inner surface of the eye and lotions for the outside of the eyelid. The herb should be placed in a container, pour 250 ml of boiling water, leave for an hour, cool, strain. It is recommended to use one of the plants, quantity in tablespoons:

• cornflower flowers –1;
• calendula – 2;
• sage – 1.

Treatment with drugs

Treatment of chalazion without surgery can be carried out with both special drugs and folk remedies. As a rule, doctors prescribe special drops that contain antibacterial components. Tobradex, Floxal and Tsipromed drops are extremely popular . In order to relieve swelling and relieve the patient from the discomfort caused by the tumor, antihistamine drops, for example, Opatonol .

One of the most effective remedies in the treatment of chalazion is a drug called Maxitrol . The product contains both antibacterial and anti-inflammatory components. However, before using Maxitrol, you need to consult your doctor: the drug has many contraindications.

If the tumor has become infected and suppurated, the doctor may recommend tetracycline or erythromycin ointment. To relieve swelling and relieve itching, you can purchase hydrocortisone ointment .

Prevention

To avoid blockage of the meibomian glands with sebaceous secretions, the development and spread of inflammation, you need to follow simple rules. Prevention includes lifestyle measures. These include:

• organization of work and rest;
• physical activity aimed at improving blood circulation;
• avoiding stress;
• sleeping on a padding polyester pillow;
• washing with boiled water - chlorinated water makes the skin susceptible to infection;
• diet;
• using hypoallergenic soap that counteracts bacteria and dust mites.

Prevention of the disease and re-development of chalazion involves:

• identification of chronic pathologies and their treatment;
• rehabilitation of infectious foci - sinusitis, tonsillitis, caries;
• taking multivitamins;
• use of drugs that enhance immunity;
• correct use of contact lenses;
• conducting a daily massage that stimulates the cleansing of the gland duct;
• exclusion of factors that provoke the development of allergies;
• treatment of the edge of the eyelid with drops of Physostigmine 0.25% to improve blood circulation, metabolic processes, and empty the gland cavity.

Preventive actions

You can reduce the likelihood of chalazion formation in the eyelid area:

• Regular eye hygiene.
• Correct use of contact lenses.
• Strengthening the immune system.
• Courses of vitamins for the visual system.
• Prevention of hypothermia.
• The use of personal protective equipment during periods of the spread of viral diseases.

A balanced diet and a rational daily routine help protect the visual system from the development of pathology.

If pathological changes appear in the eyelid area, you should immediately contact an ophthalmologist. After making a diagnosis and clarifying the nature of the disorder, you should undergo a full therapeutic course in compliance with all the instructions of the attending physician.

Chronic chalazion - signs

This type of flow is characterized by long-lasting hailstones that do not break through for a long time.

There are constant relapses and distortion of vision from pressure on the cornea of ​​the growing compaction.

• the lump is 5-7 millimeters in size, has a red-gray tint, the skin around the tumor is swollen;
• the edges of the eyelids are hyperemic and thickened;
• constant itching;
• fear of light;
• chronic conjunctivitis develops;
• the patient feels a constant feeling of discomfort, heaviness, and the presence of a foreign body in the eye;
• eye movements and eyelid blinking occur with difficulty and slowness;
• Dried or fresh purulent plugs are observed along the edge of the affected eyelid.

Postoperative period

After removing a chalazion on the eye:

• for 5–7 days, eye drops are prescribed that suppress the activity of microbes and relieve inflammation;
• if during the operation the conjunctival mucosa was dissected, then for 5 days you should wear a soft contact lens, which will prevent friction of the wound surface on the eyeball, preventing pain;
• local swelling of the eyelid and postoperative bruises disappear after a few days;
• the excised tissues are sent for histological examination to exclude cancerous cell degeneration (malignancy).

After classical surgery, as well as after laser chalazion removal, you should avoid for a week:

• water getting on the injured eyelid;
• physical activity, head shaking, prolonged eye strain (reading, computer, TV).
• use of cosmetics;
• visiting a sauna, bathhouse, swimming pool, swimming in reservoirs.

Clinical picture

The symptomatic pattern (external manifestations, internal sensations) is based on the current stage of development of the pathology - the size of the formed formation.

At the initial stages, there is a similarity of the signs of chalazion with the symptoms of stye - swelling, swelling, redness. However, this is where the clinical correlation ends.

Barley appears and develops rapidly, quickly reaching impressive sizes, the area of ​​​​formation is the edge of the eyelid.

Hailstone, on the contrary, is in no hurry; the time interval for its occurrence can be calculated in months. The appearance of multiple chalazions is likely, simultaneously on both eyelids. Another difference is that the area where the compaction is formed is the reverse surface, on the side of the conjunctiva.

There are two types of inflammation of the meibomian glands, the ophthalmological name is meibomitis:

• spicy
• chronic - chalazion of the eyelid (hailstone)

The clinical picture of each is characterized by a list of general as well as specific signs inherent directly in this form of the disease.

Signs of acute meibomitis

• lacrimation
• itching
• irritation
• on the inner surface, in the thickness of the cartilaginous tissue, a purulent round compaction, the size of a grain of wheat, is fixed, the central area is grayish-yellow in color
• palpation is painful
• sensation of a foreign object in the eye
• burning

The growth of the chalazion and suppuration intensify the negative symptoms, complementing the clinical picture with characteristic signs of inflammation:

• temperature increase
• local hyperemia of the conjunctiva
• hailstone softening
• blepharitis

Spontaneous opening and release of purulent secretion are possible.

Possible ways for pus to escape:

• through the cartilage of the eyelid, conjunctiva
• main excretory duct of the affected meibomian gland

A fistula tract is formed, with granulations growing around it, preventing the wound from healing. The skin on the eyelids dries out.

Pathological discharge, with a consistency similar to sour cream, can spread and affect neighboring glands.

Signs of chronic meibomitis

A long-lived abscess that does not erupt for a long time is a serious cause for concern; the likelihood of a surgical solution to the problem will increase.

A growing focus of inflammation (chalazion) can put pressure on the cornea, causing the development of astigmatism, distorting visual perception.

The inflammatory process of the meibomian glands can easily become chronic, causing persistent relapses. This occurs with weak immunity or an advanced form.

Clinical manifestations:

• cosmetic defect (swelling) resembles a small nodule 4-6 mm, slowly growing, grayish-red in color
• there is no “cohesion” with the skin of the eyelids, the edges of which thicken and turn red
• difficulty blinking
• yellowish-gray plaques (plugs) are formed, filled with thick lipid secretion of the affected gland, dead cells of the epithelial layer
• feeling of heaviness, constant eye fatigue
• chronic conjunctivitis
• photophobia
• itching

Diagnosis

Unfortunately, the primary symptoms of the disease are not taken seriously by many, who simply “attribute” what is happening to ordinary fatigue and eye strain.

The above is especially true for people who spend a lot of time in front of a computer monitor or TV screen.

The appearance of purulent discharge on the eyelids, an indispensable attribute of inflammatory attacks on the eyes, is an alarming signal and a reason to consult an ophthalmologist.

A doctor’s collection of anamnesis (conversation with the patient), plus a visual examination, sometimes such actions are enough for the doctor to ascertain the nature of the inflammatory process and make a diagnosis. Detailed instrumental diagnosis is usually not required. Using a slit lamp, the doctor “records” a characteristic sign of the disease - dilated openings of the glands, filled with thick yellowish contents.

List of prescribed tests:

• identification of possible allergens
• helminthiasis test
• fixation of the causative agent of chalazion, determination of the degree of resistance to antibiotics
• checking eyelashes for demodicosis

Since meibomitis is similar in symptoms to ordinary barley, correct diagnosis becomes extremely important. After all, these are two different diseases, so the treatment regimens are different.

Where does education come from?

As mentioned above, the main reason for the development of pathology is blockage of the meibomian gland. In this case, the tumor on the eye itself consists of fatty secretion, which accumulates and can become inflamed. It is necessary to consider the causes of outflow disturbances.

Chalazion, causes:

1. Anatomical structure of the gland canal, eyeball, eyelids. Excessive tortuosity or narrowed ducts, blocking of outflow by neighboring structures of the eye.
2. Disruption of the sebaceous glands. The secretion of thick secretion, prone to stagnation and the formation of plugs.
3. Impaired visual acuity that is not corrected by glasses or lenses. Frequent squinting and eye strain lead to mechanical blocking of the glands.
4. Systemic, general diseases of the body associated with metabolic and hormonal disorders. Diabetes mellitus, immunodeficiency, oncology, dysbacteriosis, endocrine disorders, puberty, pregnancy.
5. Unfavorable working conditions associated with hypothermia or chapping of the face. Working near an air conditioner.
6. Chronic inflammation of the eyes, blepharitis, conjunctivitis, demodicosis.
7. Allergic reactions – seborrhea, allergic conjunctivitis, hay fever, rosacea.
8. Failure to comply with personal hygiene rules when wearing contact lenses, false eyelashes, using decorative cosmetics and face creams.
9. In children, a common cause of the development of chalazion on the eye is dirty hands and ARVI.
10. Undertreated or improperly treated stye, a common complication of which is chalazion.
11. Vitamin deficiency, poor nutrition, bad habits.
12. Psychosomatics - stress, depression, mental health problems, nervousness - which is accompanied by frequent tactile contact with the organ of vision.

Video: Chalazion of the eyelid: causes and treatment

Prevention of chalazion

Chalazion can be prevented in children and adults by following these recommendations:

• It is necessary to strengthen the immune system. To do this, you should toughen up, exercise as much as possible and walk a lot in the fresh air. To increase the body's defenses, it is necessary to travel to resort areas at least once a year.
• Nutrition should be balanced. The daily menu should be composed so that the diet includes meat, fish, dairy products and a lot of vegetables and fruits.
• You need to maintain hygiene and wash your hands often. Parents should ensure that children do not rub their eyes, especially with dirty hands.
• It is recommended to do morning exercises and follow a daily routine. This will reduce fatigue and strengthen the immune system.
• If a person wears contact lenses, they must be properly cared for.

In addition, it is necessary to promptly treat all infectious diseases. A chronic source of infection in the body can also cause chalazion.

Chalazion often develops after hypothermia, therefore, you need to dress according to the weather and not neglect a hat when it’s cold.

Treatment of chalazion without surgery is possible, but only if it is started in a timely manner. The patient is prescribed a number of medications, mainly drops and ointments. Drug treatment can be supplemented with folk recipes; it is advisable to start using them at the first signs of the disease.

Diagnosis of chalazion on the eye

To make a diagnosis, a visual examination of the affected eyelid by an ophthalmologist using a slit lamp is sufficient.

Testing for helminths, skin diseases and allergic reactions is also carried out.

In some cases (when the tumor is actively growing during its development), a histological examination is performed to identify atypical cancer cells.

Description of the disease

Everyone knows what stye is on the eye and how difficult it is to get rid of internal inflammation. Chalazion (hailstone) differs from regular stye in that it is not an infectious disease. The reason for the appearance of chalazion is not fully understood. If the disease with barley acquires the symptoms of chalazion, then we are talking about two different pathologies.

Externally, it is impossible to distinguish barley from chalazion, but the nature of these diseases is different.

If barley ripens in a day or two, then the manifestation of chalazion can take a whole month. However, it is still possible to distinguish diseases if you carefully feel the lump. With barley, the lump will be soft, and with chalazion, it will be hard.

Distinctive features of chalazion:

• a hard compaction remains at the site of inflammation;
• there are no signs of infection;
• The size of the chalazion is larger than the size of the stye.

An experienced ophthalmologist will be able to immediately distinguish a chalazion (hailstone) from a stye.

Barley is formed due to infection of the sebaceous glands or ciliary bulbs, chalazion appears as a result of blockage of the meibomian gland.

The size of the hailstone can be very large, in which case the patient is advised to surgically remove the cone. The disease should be treated with non-surgical methods until the hailstones increase in size.

Causes

Like barley, chalazion is not an independent disease, but is formed against the background of:

• gastrointestinal problems;
• skin diseases;
• weakened immune system;
• constant stress;
• infectious diseases;
• barley.

Frequent respiratory diseases, neglect of hygiene, and the use of contact lenses also contribute to the appearance of hailstones.

Symptoms

The appearance of hailstones is preceded by a feeling of discomfort in the eye. Next appears:

• throbbing pain in the eyelid;
• eyelid redness, burning;
• swelling of the eyelid tissues;
• uncontrollable lacrimation.

There is also severe itching at the site of the lesion.

The sooner the symptoms of hailstones are detected, the faster the disease can be treated. However, you should not start treatment on your own; you should consult an ophthalmologist for advice.

Once the diagnosis and causes have been established, treatment for chalazion can begin without surgery. Therapy consists of the use of medications, physiotherapeutic procedures and traditional methods.

What to do if the chalazion ruptures?

In the case of a natural chalazion breakthrough, two scenarios are possible:

1. If it breaks out, it is enough to treat the wound and continue treatment, preventing infection. You should not turn exclusively to traditional methods; you need reliable disinfection.
2. If it breaks inside, additional cleaning of the wound is necessary, which is carried out by an ophthalmologist. Perform initial treatment and consult a doctor.

Treatment of the wound

Wash the wound with any antiseptic that does not harm the mucous membrane of the eye (for example, one of the above medications). Next, continue treatment with antibiotic and antiseptic drops and ointments. When all the pus comes out, the healing process will speed up.

Surgery

An operation to remove a chalazion of the eyelid must be resorted to in the following cases:

• with persistent growth of the formation, reaching 5–6 mm and not amenable to drug treatment;
• when the process spreads to several sebaceous glands;
• with the development of an abscess;
• when nodes reappear;
• if a cancerous adenocarcinoma of the meibomian gland is suspected.

The intervention is carried out only after the inflammation in the growth area of ​​the eye chalazion (if any) has been eliminated, for which the doctor prescribes antibacterial and hormonal therapy for 5–7 days.

The operation to remove a chalazion is considered simple and is performed under local anesthesia on an outpatient basis.

Operation stages:

1. Anesthesia is carried out using anesthetic eye drops or by making an injection using thin needles through which an anesthetic (Lidocaine, Bupivacaine) is injected under the skin.
2. A special clamp is placed on the eyelid to minimize the risk of bleeding.
3. Removal of a chalazion can be performed transconjunctivally, when an incision is made from the inside of the eyelid, or from the outside - through the skin. This depends on how the tumor-like neoplasm is located and how accessible it is for a particular type of excision.
4. During the operation, the doctor cleans out the contents of the capsule or completely removes the chalazion along with the outer shell. The second option is considered the most effective in terms of preventing relapses. After all, if after cleaning out the sebaceous secretion the chalazion capsule remains in the tissue, it can quickly fill up again.
5. If the seal is cut out from the inside (from the mucous membrane of the eyelid), then the incision on the mucous membrane closes on its own. If from the skin side, then a small incision after applying a cosmetic suture heals very quickly, leaving no marks.
6. The operating bed is disinfected, an antibacterial ointment is placed behind the eyelid to prevent infection of the wound, and a gauze bandage is applied for a day to prevent bleeding. After an hour, the patient is allowed to go home.

Completion of rehabilitation occurs on days 10–12.

If the operation is performed by an unqualified specialist or the patient violates the rules of postoperative treatment and precautions, the following complications are possible: hemorrhage in the retina with subsequent atrophy of the optic nerve, the development of photophobia and even partial impairment of visual function.

Chalazion removal with laser

Chalazion removal with a laser is considered the most low-traumatic, bloodless and effective method. This method involves high-temperature evaporation of abnormal capsule cells with a laser beam.

Laser treatment allows:

• minimize the risk of recurrences and complications;
• eliminate bleeding due to instant “sealing” and coagulation of blood vessels;
• do not put stitches;
• simultaneously destroy all infectious agents with laser radiation;
• shorten the tissue healing period.

Disadvantages of the procedure:

• high cost, the need for special equipment and highly professional specialists;
• risk of corneal deformation during laser treatment.

Stye and chalazion

A stye is a focal abscess in the sebaceous gland, usually caused by a staphylococcal infection. External styes are observed in the glands of Zeiss and Moll, and internal styes are observed in the meiobian glands. The latter type of stye is most common in dogs.

Treatment involves applying warm compresses, manually squeezing the gland to remove any remaining secretions, and using topical antibiotics. A chalazion is a delay in secretion in the meiobian gland, which is a reaction to a foreign body, or it is observed during the formation of a granuloma.

A chalazion appears as a firm, yellow mass on the conjunctival surface of the eyelid margin and usually does not require treatment. Curretage can be performed under local anesthesia, then the eyelid is everted and the contents of the chalazion are removed using a chalazion curette or other instrument. In this case, a short course of corticosteroids and antibiotics is indicated.

Why is chalazion dangerous?

When a nodule just appears on the eyelid, they do not pay attention to it, since it does not hurt or interfere.

The main danger in the development of a chalazion is a complication such as inflammation of the eyelid and suppuration in the tumor tissues. This occurs when bacteria enter an abnormal focus against the background of weakened local immunity. Also, similar complications are observed when a large node begins to be perceived by the patient’s body as a foreign object. This condition is dangerous, since a slight suppuration can develop into an abscess and phlegmon.

If the node becomes inflamed, turning into an abscess chalazion, the following pronounced symptoms appear:

• an increase in the tumor due to tissue swelling, severe redness of the skin to a purple color;
• acute pain when trying to touch the inflamed area;
• increasing pain, which becomes throbbing during the process of suppuration;
• rise in body temperature (with a large abscess);
• softening of the compaction due to purulent melting of tissues;
• additional development of symptoms of conjunctivitis and blepharitis (severe itching, mucopurulent discharge, sticking of eyelids, sensation of “scratching grains of sand” in the eye).

If the inflamed chalazion of the eyelid breaks through with the flow of pus onto the mucous membrane of the eye, then the consequences can be serious. The skin at the edges of the eyelids becomes covered with purulent yellowish crusts, becomes excessively dry, red, and painful.

Symptoms of chalazion manifestation

A chalazion is a round nodule that is not fused to the skin; palpation does not cause pain or discomfort. It grows slowly, eventually reaching a size of 5-6 mm. The reason is a dysfunction of the sebaceous (meibomian) gland duct of the eyelid due to chronic diseases of the eyes, skin, gastrointestinal tract, diabetes, stress, ARVI. Treatment can be carried out by the patient at home after examination by a doctor.

A sign from the skin is the formation of swelling. A symptom from the conjunctiva is zonal hyperemia with a grayish center.

Some signs of the condition:

• itching;
• involuntary lacrimation;
• hypersensitivity to touch;
• the sore eyelid blinks less often.

If the growth puts pressure on the cornea, astigmatism and visual impairment may occur.

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Diagnostics and treatment methods

When contacting an ophthalmologist, the doctor will conduct a tactile and visual examination. It is not difficult to diagnose the course of inflammation. In the event of a significant increase in the tumor, the patient is required to undergo a biopsy so that the tests show the absence or presence of gland cancer. Afterwards, histological examination is possible.

Based on the results obtained, treatment is prescribed. Therapy is carried out in the following ways:

• folk remedies;
• corticosteroid injections;
• laser radiation;
• surgical intervention.

Treatment with surgery

This method is used in the most advanced cases. The procedure is performed on an inpatient basis in a clinic by an ophthalmologist. The accumulation is scraped out using a sharp spoon. The resulting wound is lubricated with an antiseptic.

The whole operation does not take much time - 5-10 minutes. It is recommended to remain under the supervision of specialists for several days to avoid complications (bleeding, addition of pathogenic bacteria).

The doctor, based on the situation, prescribes courses of antibiotics and vitamins that enhance immunity.

Treatment without surgery

Surgery should be resorted to only in the most extreme cases. Until the condition is advanced, you need to try to cure a painful cosmetic defect in other ways.

One of the methods of treating hailstones is laser removal. During the operation, the tissue around the eye is frozen so that the manipulations performed do not cause pain.

The advantages of this treatment:

• absence of stitches and scars at the site of the removed papule;
• the percentage of disease relapse is very small.

At the time of the procedure, the skin of the eyelid is grabbed with a special instrument, and the painful capsule is cut with a laser. The contents of the seal are removed by radiation. After the session, the patient is advised to use a soft contact lens for a week.

An effective way to remove nodules is injections with corticosteroids.

For the procedure, Dexamethasone, Kenalog, and Dispropane are used. The drugs are injected into the papule with a thin needle. After a few days, the tumor should gradually begin to dissolve. If a positive trend in follicle shrinkage is noticeable, a second injection is necessary.

The method is not ideal - only 40% of patients experience complete resorption without additional exposure. In most cases, drops are prescribed for complete healing: Torbadex, Floxal, Tsipromed.

An ophthalmologist tells more about the effective treatment of chalazion, watch the video: