Vacuum abortion: the essence of the method, indications and possible consequences

Mini-abortion: what is called vacuum aspiration?

Photo: SALUMA.RU
Mini-abortion, vacuum aspiration or vacuum abortion - this is the name for early termination of pregnancy using a special device. This manipulation was first used in the early 1960s. Since then, it has been quite successfully carried out in gynecological departments and clinics.

A vacuum abortion is a mini-operation during which a specialist, using a vacuum pump or excoleator, “pulls” the fertilized egg from the woman’s uterus.

Nowadays, clinics and gynecological departments perform two types of vacuum aspiration:

• manual (or manual);
• machine (using a special apparatus).

Vacuum aspiration is performed in the first trimester. The deadline for manipulation is 6 weeks, but experts recommend not delaying and terminating an unwanted pregnancy in the third or fourth week. The terms for vacuum regulation are limited by the developmental characteristics of the fetus. The fact is that in the second week the fertilized egg is too small and the catheter of the device may not “tighten” it completely. A mini-abortion over six to seven weeks can cause complications that lead to tissue injury, heavy discharge and pain.

During a consultation with a gynecologist, it is important to accurately indicate the period of delay of menstruation. Mini-abortion is allowed only if the delay is a maximum of 21 days. The optimal time for aspiration is the 14-15th day of absence of menstruation.

Work algorithm

This type of abortion can also be called vacuum aspiration. This name comes from two Latin words: breath and emptiness. Its meaning is as follows:

1. The woman is exposed to local or general anesthesia.
2. A catheter is inserted into the vagina (if this is the first pregnancy, then you must first expand it with a special device), due to which the uterine pressure becomes negative.
3. The fertilized egg, which is still very poorly attached to the wall (it is important to know that abortion using the vacuum method is done only in the early stages), comes off.
4. In the place where the fetus has become detached from the wall of the uterus, severe bleeding begins, which literally washes the child out of the vagina.

It's no secret that such a procedure is more gentle, softer than a regular abortion, in which the child is literally scraped off and torn off from the wall of the uterus. After this, the uterus becomes damaged.

Indications for vacuum abortion

Vacuum abortion is a standard medical procedure that has its own indications, complications and contraindications.

According to the law, a woman has the right to terminate a pregnancy at her own request, but within a strictly limited time frame - no later than the 12th week. After the 12th week, it is allowed to have an abortion for social reasons (no later than the 22nd week) and for medical reasons at any stage of pregnancy.

Medical indications for mini-abortion:

• tuberculosis (acute form), HIV and rubella;
• complex forms of endocrine diseases;
• mental and somatic diseases (aplastic anemia, dementia, asthenic syndrome);
• frozen pregnancy;
• abnormalities or abnormal development of the fetus.

Social indications for vacuum abortion:

• pregnancy after rape;
• pregnancy caused the woman's disability;
• stay in places of deprivation of liberty;
• age restrictions: pregnancy occurred before 15 or after 45 years.

Until what time is a vacuum abortion performed?

The initial period is quite early - you can perform a vacuum termination of pregnancy from the second day of absence of menstruation. The final one is called quite approximately, but definitely not later than the 10th week of pregnancy. If you perform surgery afterward, there is a high probability of complications and, most likely, there will not even be a doctor who will take on it. The optimal period is 4-5 weeks. At this time, the fertilized egg is not attached to the walls of the uterus tightly enough, and its detachment occurs easily and without consequences.

Contraindications to vacuum regulation

A mini-abortion is, albeit a small and uncomplicated, but still a surgical operation, so terminating a pregnancy using this method may have certain contraindications. Namely:

• infectious processes in the body (for example, herpes is a common rash on the lips);
• chronic diseases or exacerbation of internal organs located in the pelvis;
• ectopic pregnancy;
• abnormal development of the uterus;
• tumors of the uterus, in which deformation of the cavity occurs;
• Less than 6 months have passed since the last termination of pregnancy.

Preparing for surgery

1. The gynecologist examines the woman and collects her medical history in order to get an idea of ​​the individual characteristics of her body, which will have to be taken into account in the future.
2. After that, he gives her directions for tests that need to be completed as soon as possible: - General blood test. - General urine analysis. — An analysis that determines the level of the hCG hormone. — Vaginal smear for microflora. - Ultrasound, which will help determine the exact duration of pregnancy and whether it exists at all - having an abortion with an unconfirmed pregnancy is not only pointless, but dangerous for the patient’s health. — Test for blood clotting reaction. — Tests for sexually transmitted diseases, hepatitis, HIV.

After this, the woman is given an information sheet on which all possible risks are indicated, and is asked to sign a document stating that she agrees to medical intervention, is aware of the risks and will not make any claims if anything happens.

Vacuum abortion: main stages of manipulation

First, the patient is prepared for surgery. The external genitalia are treated with antiseptic agents and access to the uterus is provided using gynecological speculum. The manipulation is carried out using ultrasound, which allows the doctor to observe the process of the operation and control each stage.

Important: Before starting, the patient receives anesthesia. Depending on the situation and indications, this may be intravenous or mask anesthesia. In addition, an anesthetic is injected into the uterus.

The mini-operation is usually performed on a gynecological chair and includes the following steps:

• a dilator is inserted into the uterus (most often it is used if women have not yet given birth);
• a flexible tube with a diameter of 8-10 mm connected to a vacuum pump is inserted into the uterus;
• using a vacuum pump, negative pressure is created in the uterine cavity, after which the fetus and placenta are separated from the walls, drawn into the tube and placed in a separate container of the apparatus;
• the doctor examines the uterus using ultrasound for the presence of embryo particles and membranes;
• If fetal remains are detected, a special tool is used to scrape and remove the particles. The manipulation is short - performing a vacuum abortion usually takes 5-10 minutes. There are no special complications with proper preparation: the vessels of the uterus are not deformed and do not suffer. After the end of the manipulations, the patient goes to the ward and remains under the supervision of medical personnel.

Contraindications

• Pregnancy occurring outside the uterus . The fertilized egg develops in the fallopian tube, which poses a huge danger to you and your child. Solve this problem urgently. The child will die if nothing is done, and at the same time, it will also harm your body. In this case, the tube is removed if the fertilized egg is in it.
• Infectious diseases . If you have inflammatory processes in your reproductive system caused by infectious diseases, cure them first, then perform a vacuum termination.
• If you have recently given birth , become pregnant again and want to have a vacuum abortion, but 6 months have not passed, alas, abortion is dangerous for you. You can do it only at your own peril and risk
• Is there little fibrinogen in your blood ? Absolutely not. No procedures. You may die from blood loss.
• For heart disease , surgery is contraindicated because anesthesia has a negative effect on the cardiovascular system, and this may well lead to death.
• Allergy to anesthesia and other drugs associated with abortion.

Contact a gynecologist at your clinic. He will send you where you need to go, to a public clinic or to a private one, at his discretion. He will also prescribe the necessary tests and examinations before the procedure.

Preparations for the procedure

1. The doctor carefully examines your body individually to determine its characteristics.
2. You will have to pass the necessary tests. General blood and urine test, vaginal smear. An ultrasound is also necessary to determine the exact duration of pregnancy or to refute it. Tests for the presence of sexually transmitted diseases, HIV, and hepatitis are mandatory.
3. After all this, sign the required paper that you agree to treatment.

How will the operation take place?

1. To perform a vacuum abortion, a special chair is used where the legs can be fixed.
2. The vagina is carefully processed, everything must be sterile.
3. If this is your first pregnancy, the vagina will be dilated with the necessary device.
4. It is then “frozen.”
5. After some time, the catheter is inserted using a small electric pump.
6. The doctor pulls out the fertilized egg along with the catheter.

Proper care during the rehabilitation period

After the operation, you are left to rest in the clinic for 30-120 minutes, no more. You will come to your senses after anesthesia during this period of time. Be sure to take antibiotics if prescribed by your doctor to avoid various types of infections.

1. Two weeks after surgery, come for an ultrasound to make sure everything is in order and no additional cleaning is needed.
2. It is not advisable to have sex for about three weeks.
3. Don’t be shy, if something starts to bother you, run to the clinic.
4. Avoid stress and heavy physical activity. Let your body rest for a while.

After termination of pregnancy using the vacuum method, 6 months should pass. After this time, you can already become pregnant. But an extra visit to the doctor still won’t hurt. You need to make sure that you are completely healthy and you can start planning for a child if that is what you want. Otherwise, take careful precautions so that there are no more unwanted pregnancies, because even such a simple procedure as a vacuum abortion is harmful to a woman’s health and her psyche.

After an abortion: features of care

Photo: SALUMA.RU
After the procedure, the patient must spend some time in the clinic so that specialists can monitor her health and possible changes. If no complications arise, then after a few hours the woman is discharged and prescribed a course of antibiotics to prevent infectious processes and painkillers to reduce sensitivity to possible cramping pain.

In addition, the gynecologist gives recommendations to prevent various complications after vacuum aspiration:

• refusal of sexual activity for a month;
• minimal physical activity;
• refusal to visit ponds, solariums, public swimming pools, baths and saunas;
• replacing a hot bath with a warm shower;
• maintaining genital hygiene;
• taking hormonal contraceptives to quickly restore hormonal levels.

Two to three weeks after a vacuum abortion, you need to visit the gynecologist again, undergo examinations, take tests and have an ultrasound examination.

Important: On days 3-5 after vacuum aspiration, bleeding may appear. This is not menstruation - the discharge is caused by an intervention and means hormonal changes in the body.

What a woman who has decided to have a vacuum abortion needs to know

Despite the relatively simple procedure, a vacuum is a surgical intervention, so an abortion of this type should only be performed in a medical facility and, preferably, with an experienced doctor. Are you tormented by doubts? Consult in two or three different clinics with different gynecologists, listen to the recommendations of your friends and entrust your body to a qualified specialist.

It is worth understanding that artificial termination of pregnancy, even in the early stages, may carry certain risks. The body, already tuned in to pregnancy, does not have time to adapt to sudden changes and reacts negatively, namely: • cycle disruption; • hormonal imbalance; • inflammation of the reproductive system; • psychological stress.

In this case, certain physical complications, for example, pieces of the fertilized egg remain in the uterus or blood clots have accumulated. After a vacuum abortion, ectopic pregnancy or infertility is possible.

Important: Restoring the cycle and hormonal levels usually takes 3-4 months.

Please note that your actual period will occur approximately 4-5 weeks after a vacuum abortion. The first time they will be shorter and more abundant, but gradually the body will adjust to full functioning and the next cycle will be the same as before vacuum aspiration.

Is it possible to have sex immediately after vacuum aspiration?

Doctors recommend maintaining sexual rest for at least 4 weeks after an artificial termination of pregnancy if the operation was completed without complications. The thing is that even with minimal intervention, the reproductive organs receive varying degrees of damage (the detached placenta leaves behind a wound on the walls of the uterus).

Important: Psychological trauma sometimes leaves a deeper wound. Some women experience an aversion to sex after an abortion. In this case, you should listen to your body and, if possible, consult a psychotherapist for advice.

Before starting to have sex, a couple needs to make a decision and draw conclusions from previous experiences. Perhaps it would be right to take care of proper contraception? Today, there are many different ways to prevent unplanned conception, and among them there is sure to be at least one suitable for a particular couple.

Pregnancy after vacuum abortion

Photo: SALUMA.RU
Despite all the advantages of vacuum aspiration as the most gentle type of abortion, the procedure seriously affects the reproductive activity of the body. Hormonal imbalances, injuries to the cervix and uterine walls, and inflammatory processes can cause obstruction of the fallopian tubes, the occurrence of adhesions, and isthmic-cervical insufficiency. This, in turn, provokes infertility and miscarriage.

If a couple decides to conceive a child after a vacuum abortion, they should first seek advice from a gynecologist and undergo an examination that will help determine whether the woman’s body is ready to bear a child or should she wait a little longer.

Important: Vacuum abortion is not a death sentence. In 95% of cases, after successful intervention, a woman becomes pregnant again and bears a full-fledged and healthy child.

Typically, experts recommend planning a pregnancy no earlier than six months after the vacuum. It is believed that if a woman is ovulating, there is no reason to delay her planned pregnancy. Yes, pregnancy will happen, but the risk of spontaneous miscarriage or sudden death of the embryo does not disappear. Therefore, it is better to wait 6 months and only then think about conceiving.

Is sex possible after a mini-abortion?

For about 3 weeks after vacuum aspiration, and preferably until the end of the first menstruation, sexual intercourse should be avoided. The reason is trauma to the genital organs, although not as severe as with a classic abortion.

You should also know that the discharge observed in the first days after the operation is not menstrual, and already 2 weeks after the abortion, a woman can become pregnant. This means that the use of contraceptives becomes mandatory from the first sexual intercourse after an abortion. It is also recommended to use a condom in the first months - it will protect the woman’s vulnerable genital organs from infection.

Pregnancy after vacuum aspiration

Spotting discharge after vacuum aspiration is normal. Many women perceive them as just another menstruation, which is not true. Their presence is associated with a sharp intervention in the body and the reaction of the ovaries to a drop in the level of progesterone in the blood.

Normally, the duration of discharge should not exceed 7-8 days. After the 3-4th day they become less abundant. If the discharge is very strong, with clots and a foul odor, accompanied by dizziness, fever and general weakness, immediate medical attention is required!

The first menstruation after vacuum aspiration occurs approximately a month after the gynecological intervention. This usually occurs after 28-35 days and depends on the length of the menstrual cycle. Menstruation does not yet indicate that the body has fully recovered after the procedure.

The duration of recovery varies from person to person; it usually takes from three to nine months. Age, the number of previous abortions, the period at which the pregnancy was terminated, and the presence of gynecological diseases are important.

During the post-abortion period, the following recommendations must be followed:

• control the amount of discharge in the first 3-4 days; to reduce it, take water pepper extract;
• measure body temperature, if it exceeds 37.5 ° C, consult a doctor;
• exclude visiting the pool, sauna, solarium, bathhouse;
• avoid hypothermia;
• maintain sexual rest for a month to prevent pathogenic bacteria from entering the vagina;
• visit a gynecologist 10-14 days after a mini-abortion for a control ultrasound.

Fortunately, many women, having undergone a mini-abortion, retain their ability to conceive. In exceptional cases, pregnancy can occur even 6-8 weeks after vacuum aspiration. This is an undesirable period, since the body does not have time to fully recover. Such a pregnancy occurs with complications and often ends in the death of the fetus.

The optimal time for pregnancy is after six months. During this time, hormonal levels are normalized and possible damage to the internal genital organs is healed. The correct use of contraceptives is of great importance. Your doctor will help you choose them.

Before making a final decision about planning to conceive a child, you need to undergo a medical examination. It is necessary even for those women who have not previously experienced menstrual disorders, inflammatory processes of the genital organs and other pathologies.

Every woman, when having sexual relations, should know about the dangers of abortion and do everything possible to prevent it. Abortion during the first pregnancy is especially dangerous. It is this that most often leads to secondary infertility and various gynecological pathologies. Vacuum aspiration is a relatively safe method, but even its implementation will not protect against negative consequences.

Procedure

An abortion is done at the request of the woman (up to a maximum of the 13th week), for medical or social reasons (up to the 22nd week). Aspiration of the contents of the uterine cavity is carried out using an excoleator - a special suction device that is inserted without dilating the cervical canal.

The optimal time for completion is 4–6 weeks, when the chorionic villi have not yet fully grown into the muscle layer, and the fetus peels off easily.

Preparatory stage

Vacuum aspiration requires preparation, like any other surgical procedure. Procedures are prescribed to ensure that there are no contraindications:

• general blood and urine tests to determine the presence or absence of an inflammatory process in the body;
• study of hCG levels, especially for up to 4 weeks, when a conventional test is not always informative;
• smear to determine vaginal microflora;
• transvaginal or conventional ultrasound;
• blood from a vein for hepatitis, HIV, RW;
• PCR.

A bimanual examination and a routine examination by a gynecologist are also carried out to identify pathologies (erosion, polyps on the uterine mucosa and other neoplasms). Additionally, if indicated, an extended examination is prescribed:

1. A woman's reaction to anesthesia. Some anesthetics and painkillers can cause allergies.
2. Coagulogram. It is used in cases of bleeding disorders and other pathologies of the hematopoietic system in the anamnesis.
3. Cardiogram for diagnosing the functioning of the cardiovascular system.
4. Consultations and research with specialized specialists if other pathologies are detected.

A mini-abortion is carried out plannedly (if it is the woman’s initiative) or urgently (according to indications).

Carrying out the operation

Mini-abortions are usually performed under local anesthesia; general anesthesia is administered at the woman’s request. In this case, on the day of the manipulation, you should not drink water 2 hours before the operation and eat food throughout the day. This will help prevent vomiting.

The external genitalia, cervix and walls of the vulva are treated with an antiseptic. After this, a speculum is inserted and the uterus is fixed with special forceps. A tube is connected to the vacuum excoleator, which is then inserted into the vagina. Using rotating movements, the doctor detects the fetus and sucks it out. After this, it is again treated with antiseptic solutions.

The manipulation lasts a maximum of 10 minutes. After this, the woman requires medical supervision for at least 1 hour. Hospitalization is not required, especially if the abortion coincides with the 4–5th week of pregnancy. When performed at later stages, ultrasound and other types of examinations are additionally prescribed.

Carrying out the operation

When all decisions have already been made and the woman is in the gynecology department, it is necessary to decide what type of anesthesia will be used. This is usually decided during the woman’s admission to the department and the creation of an inpatient card.

Before the operation begins, the nurse will bring a pill to the woman. This drug will help relax the cervix.

She should also take oxytocin, which will help the uterus contract after surgery.

. The woman lies down in a gynecological chair, a regular dilator is inserted into her vagina, which any visitor to a gynecological office is familiar with, and an antiseptic treatment is performed.

After the freezing has taken effect, dilators are inserted into the cervix. Their number corresponds to the duration of pregnancy. Not all women are prescribed this procedure. If the delay is about 21 days, then there is no need for this procedure.

Once the cervix is ​​dilated, a cannula is inserted into the uterus

. This is a plastic tube through which what is in the uterine cavity in the form of a fertilized egg will be torn off and brought out. The cannula is installed by the doctor on the vacuum aspirator.

How long does it take?

Another frequently asked question is how long does a mini abortion last? This operation lasts only 5-10 minutes and is more unpleasant than painful.

After the operation is completed, the woman will have to stay in the clinic for at least an hour and a half, lie down and relax. During this time, she should be examined by a doctor to check whether any bleeding has occurred or opened. If everything is okay, she can go home.

The doctor should prescribe anti-inflammatory drugs (antibiotics) for her to take at home, as well as painkillers such as ibuprofen.

Under no circumstances should you take aspirin, as it may cause bleeding.

!

Painless procedure

A natural question is also “does it hurt to have a mini-abortion”? Since the operation is most often performed under local, and in some cases under general anesthesia, the procedure itself will not cause pain.

There may be quite significant discomfort during the opening of the cervix, nothing more.

After the completion of the mini-abortion, nagging pain in the lower abdomen is possible, since one way or another, aspiration is a surgical intervention in the body. But no particularly pronounced pain is felt during the procedure.

How to have a medical abortion

WE PROVIDE TABLET ABORTION WITH THE following DRUGS:

By the way, our clinic has been carrying out medical abortion with Mifegin (France) or Mifepristone (Russia) tablets since 2001, according to the standards approved in Moscow, with a Certificate of Conformity attached to the drug packaging! Make an appointment for a medical abortion by calling the clinic or online on the website around the clock.

HOW THE PROCEDURE GOES, STEPS

1. Preliminary part. Since tablet abortion has time restrictions, as well as a number of contraindications, the woman must undergo a preliminary examination on the day of treatment before starting the procedure. To do this, a gynecological ultrasound of the pelvis is first performed to confirm the presence of intrauterine pregnancy and its duration. This is followed by a consultation with a gynecologist regarding this method, contraindications, possible complications and course options and expected results of the procedure. Examination on the chair and taking recommended tests. Allowing time to make a final decision.

2. Taking a drug for medical abortion. If the decision to terminate an early pregnancy with pills is confirmed, an Agreement-consent is signed to carry out this procedure, take Mifegin or Mifepristone in the presence of a doctor, draw up a schedule for taking pharmacological support drugs and control visits to the clinic. After 36-48 hours, misoprostol derivatives (Topogin or Mirolut) are taken in a dosage according to the prescribed regimen.

3. Dynamic control. After 3-4 days, the first ultrasound is performed to monitor the progress of the procedure. On the same day, preventive measures (drip) may be recommended, and if necessary, correction of the regimen taking into account the test results. If your blood factor is Rh negative, and your partner is positive, it is advisable to vaccinate with anti-Rh immunoglobulin to prevent Rh conflict during subsequent pregnancy

4. Control of the result. After 12-14 days, a second control ultrasound is recommended to clarify the final result. If the result is positive, a program for preventing the consequences and complications of pill abortion may be offered (see details below).

The cost of early pregnancy with pills

The price of a medical abortion in Moscow in different medical centers may vary. With us, it depends on the weekly period, the chosen drug (France or Russia), as well as the option - standard or “all inclusive”. If you want to find out in detail what services are included in this or that option, click on the appropriate link below.

LEARN MORE ABOUT:

Where to get a medical abortion

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Pharmaceutical termination of pregnancy

Medical abortion involves the use of special drugs, but has some specific features. Unlike other procedures, it is less traumatic to the uterus, but there may be restrictions on the use of medications. Unlike other methods, medical abortion is performed only up to 7 weeks.

If the procedure is performed later, a partial abortion may develop with the need for subsequent curettage. The procedure is very simple - the woman takes the drug in the form of a tablet, or she is given an injection. She remains under medical supervision for some time. A slight bleeding will be evidence of an abortion.

Medical abortion has many advantages:

• a well-chosen drug and compliance with the deadlines provide an effectiveness of up to 98%;
• there are no severe side effects associated with anesthesia and intervention;
• infection is excluded;
• Psychologically, the drug procedure is much easier to tolerate;
• safety for reproductive function.

However, this technique cannot be abused, as it has its drawbacks. The procedure has many contraindications, including kidney and liver problems, anemia, and treatment with glucocorticosteroids. Uterine fibroids are also considered a contraindication to the procedure, as are blood diseases. Diabetes is another limitation to medical abortion.

What drugs are used for the procedure

Doctors use the following means to terminate pregnancy:

• "Mifepristone" and prostaglandins - administered vaginally, first the first drug, and after 24 hours - the second (nausea, digestive problems, bleeding may appear);
• “Methotroxate” - an intramuscular injection is given, and after 5 days prostaglandin is administered vaginally. The scheme is very effective, but complete abortion may occur only after a few weeks;
• Misoprostol is prescribed as the main drug or combined with Methotrexate. This is the safest drug for health, but there are cases of incomplete abortion;
• "Mifegin" is a French-made drug that is given to patients for up to 6 weeks. Has very high efficiency;
• "Mifeprex" - used during the first 42 days after the delay;
• "Pencrofton" is a tablet drug containing the substance mifepristone, used for emergency abortion.

After a medical abortion, moderate pain in the lower abdomen, as well as vaginal discharge, appear within 3-4 hours. Spotting persists for a week or two. 14 days after the second consultation, the girl must undergo tests and an ultrasound to confirm the abortion. If it occurs partially, vacuum aspiration is prescribed.

Late term abortion

After 12 weeks, abortion on request is prohibited in our country. They do it only for medical and social reasons: a court decision to limit parental rights, pregnancy as a result of rape; death of a husband during a woman's pregnancy. Pregnancy is terminated in the later stages, either by artificially inducing labor or by performing a minor caesarean section. That is, there will be childbirth, but there will be no child. So, you know, it’s better not to let it come to this.

This medical abortion is performed:

From 20 weeks after the last menstrual cycle. The procedure to terminate a late pregnancy takes 3 days. During the first two days, the cervix is ​​dilated and the woman is given antispasmodic drugs. On the third day, the woman takes a medication that induces labor. After labor has begun, the doctor does an ultrasound to determine the location of the baby's legs. Grabbing the legs with forceps, the doctor pulls the child out, leaving only the head inside. In this case, parts of the child’s body can be torn off from the body itself and pulled out through the vaginal canal. The rest of the body is pinched and pulled outward. The baby's head is pinched and crushed in order to pass through the vaginal canal. The placenta and remaining parts are sucked out of the uterus.

Previously, saline abortion or saline filling was used, but this method was not effective enough, as did Homeopathy (efficiency no more than 20%), Acupuncture (effect up to 40% with a short delay and depends on the qualifications of the specialist), Magnetic induction (“magnetic cap” with in the absence of contraindications, it is effective in 50% of cases with a delay of no more than 3-5 days)

Consequences

Complications after a mini-abortion are rare. As a rule, they are associated with ignoring the medical history, the results of the woman’s examinations, or violating the doctor’s instructions during the recovery period.

Among the most common consequences are:

1. Hematomer - blockage of the cervical canal with a clot and subsequent filling of the uterus with blood. Most often found in nulliparous women. It can be corrected with medication or mechanical expansion of the cervical canal.
2. Hormonal disbalance. It occurs in young, nulliparous girls. This failure is associated with an unstable background that occurs as a result of an artificial interruption. It can result in ovarian dysfunction, menstrual irregularities and even infertility.
3. Inflammation. They arise as a result of lack of proper antiseptic treatment before surgery, or violation of the rules of behavior during rehabilitation (hypothermia, swimming in open water). A week or two after cleansing, exacerbations of chronic pelvic diseases may occur.
4. Incomplete embryo removal. Happens quite often. When performing an operation, the doctor is forced to work blindly, so there is a possibility that part of the fertilized egg will remain in the body. This is fraught with the development of a polyp (painful growth on the mucous membrane). In rare cases, the chorion may not leave the uterus at all, and the pregnancy will continue.

To avoid the negative consequences of an interruption, a woman should be attentive to her own health and follow the doctor’s recommendations.

Vacuum termination of frozen pregnancy

In this case, aspiration is also indicated. A dead fetus is dangerous to the life of the mother and vacuum cleaning is used for up to 8 weeks. The frozen egg is small and this allows you to catch it with suction. More often the operation is performed under general anesthesia, but if there are contraindications, then under local anesthesia.

Actions are also carried out in case of a failed medical abortion. In this case, traumatism is minimal - the fertilized egg is removed with a plastic hose, rather than scraped out with a metal instrument (curette). Then be sure to read this article: https://good-mummy.ru/vosstanovlenie-posle-vyskablivaniya-zamershej-beremennosti/.

Treatment and rehabilitation

Rehabilitation includes the use of drugs for external and internal use, selection of contraceptive methods to prevent new pregnancy.

Immediately after the operation, antibiotics are used, and then at home the woman should take oral contraceptives, which stabilize hormonal levels and protect against new conception. To prevent scarring of uterine tissue, massage or special preparations with proteolytic liquid are used.

Vacuum abortion, unlike surgical abortion, practically does not damage the blood vessels, so hemostatic drugs are rarely used.

Preparations for external use

In the absence of complications, three types of medications are used: suppositories or douching solutions, hormonal drugs and antibiotics.

In case of inflammatory processes and to eliminate the symptoms of candidiasis while taking antibiotics, suppositories are prescribed:

1. Hexicon. The product has an anti-inflammatory effect, prevents bleeding, and shows antiseptic activity.
2. Papaverine is an anesthetic suppository that eliminates spasms and pain.
3. Products based on indomethacin. Prescribed if inflammation with fever occurs during the recovery period after an abortion.
4. Terzhinan. Used both before and after surgery to prevent infection.

If therapy with antibacterial drugs is carried out, antifungal agents are simultaneously prescribed to prevent the development of candidiasis, for example Pimafucin.

For internal

After vacuum termination of pregnancy using the aspiration method, a woman may be prescribed:

1. Hormonal drugs (OC). Stabilize hormonal levels and normalize the cycle. Preference is given to Regulon and Novinet. The course lasts on average from 5 to 7 days.
2. Therapy with antibiotics and antifungals. Necessary to reduce the risk of complications. The most commonly used are Doxycycline, Metronidazole, and Fluconazole.
3. Immunostimulants, vitamin complexes containing antioxidants. Increases immunity, reduces the duration of the recovery phase.

In addition to the main treatment, traditional medicine can be used. The most popular are suppositories based on honey, aloe, and herbal decoctions, which are inserted into the vagina after the bleeding has stopped.

A mini-abortion performed early is considered one of the most atraumatic ways to terminate an unwanted pregnancy. At the request of the woman, it is carried out until the 13th week at most. The use of the aspiration method virtually eliminates injury to the uterine endometrium and reduces the risk of infection, inflammation and bleeding.

Why is vacuum aspiration dangerous?

Despite many advantages, vacuum aspiration can cause negative consequences and complications. As adverse reactions to termination of pregnancy, hormonal disruption, severe psychological trauma, painful sensations in the lower abdomen and bloody discharge from the genital tract are possible.

Complications after surgery are very rare, but they are still possible. A woman should know that after vacuum aspiration there is a risk:

• Incomplete removal of fetal tissue is one of the most common complications of manipulation, for the prevention of which it is important to follow the aspiration technique and monitor the condition of the uterine cavity using ultrasound after it is performed;
• Pain in the lower abdomen due to contraction of the myometrium (this is more likely a consequence of the removal of the contents of the uterus than a complication) - treated with antispasmodics;
• Menstrual cycle disorders due to hormonal “disruption”;
• inflammatory process and infection (if contraindications are ignored, procedure technique is violated);
• Air embolism is extremely rare and is a blockage of blood vessels by an air bubble, which leads to the death of a woman (modern aspirators do not allow air to enter the uterus);
• Perforation of the uterine wall - occurs not during aspiration, but during probing of the uterine body with a metal probe to determine its length;
• Infertility occurs rarely, mainly due to neglect of the gestational age or technical errors.

Complications that arise during the procedure or in the first week after it are called early - bleeding, perforation, infection, etc. Late complications develop after seven or more days - hormonal disorders, menstrual irregularities.

How to take care of yourself after a vacuum abortion

After the vacuum abortion is completed, the patient remains in the clinic for half an hour to two hours, depending on her condition. During this time, she should recover from anesthesia and generally come to her senses, and she will also be given antibiotics to stop the development of a possible infection. The next day she may well go to work, but in the next six months she will need to remember to follow simple rules.

1. When two weeks have passed after the vacuum abortion was performed, the woman should come to the clinic, where she will have an ultrasound, which will make sure that the pregnancy was terminated correctly.
2. Sex after a vacuum abortion is undesirable for another three weeks.
3. Condoms should be used for another six months, because pregnancy during this period will have an extremely negative impact on the body.
4. It is worth taking care of yourself and at the slightest sign of complications, going to the doctor.
5. You shouldn’t strain yourself too much, go to swimming pools and saunas, carry heavy weights and be nervous. Despite the fact that vacuum abortion is a fairly gentle operation, it still requires some rest.

Possible complications

Complications following vacuum aspiration cannot be ruled out:

1. Bleeding from the uterus most often occurs when manipulation is performed by an unqualified specialist or if the pregnancy period exceeds 6–7 weeks.
2. Soreness, increased body temperature, and yellow or green discharge indicate the development of an infectious process in the uterine cavity.
3. Sometimes the membranes or egg remain partially or completely. In this case, subsequent curettage is most often required.
4. Damage to the cervix is ​​possible when the operation is performed late and requires preliminary expansion of the cervical canal.
5. Hormonal imbalance, cycle disruption, psychological stress.

The earlier the operation is performed, the less likely the risk of complications.

Where is abortion performed and how much does it cost?

There is a large selection of paid multidisciplinary or highly specialized clinics and private medical offices that offer this service. Vacuum abortion is also performed in city clinics. On the Internet you can find reviews about a particular clinic, hospital, doctor, and find out how much the procedure costs in the place you are interested in. The choice of place for a mini-abortion is limited by financial capabilities and personal preferences.

The procedure costs differently, depending on the location of the procedure, the desired anesthesia, and the qualifications and experience of the doctor. A comprehensive examination before terminating a pregnancy costs additional money. The price varies greatly.

In a general city hospital network, this is 5–7 thousand rubles, plus paid tests and ultrasound, if they are not done for free.

It is difficult to say how much the amount will be in private medical centers; it reaches tens of thousands of rubles, depending on the reputation of the clinic, the range of additional services, and the volume of examinations.

Before deciding to have an abortion, you need to think a hundred times whether it is 100 percent necessary. If yes, then it is better to act quickly in order to have time to carry out it in the early stages, because a vacuum abortion is the least traumatic, and its consequences are not so threatening in the distant future. You must be very careful when choosing the location of the procedure and the doctor, and follow the recommendations during the recovery period. In order not to terminate the pregnancy, not to jeopardize the health and future motherhood, it is easier to take precautions and prevent unwanted pregnancies.

Abortion

- This is a traumatic procedure, after which many negative consequences can follow.

And if a woman decides to take such a step, then she needs to choose the safest method, which will be the least harmful to the body.

But we must remember that even if the most optimal option is chosen, which does little harm to the female body, there is still the possibility of many negative consequences.

Therefore, before having an abortion, it is worth considering whether it is necessary and whether it is an urgent need. Sooner or later, a woman will still want a child, but it may already be too late.

We will look at one of the safest ways to terminate a pregnancy - vacuum abortion (mini-abortion)

. What is this procedure? How is it carried out, are there any contraindications, what dangers await a woman who decides to have a mini-abortion?

Vacuum abortion

is an early termination of pregnancy.
The procedure involves sucking out the fertilized egg with a special vacuum suction. Vacuum abortion can be performed for periods that do not exceed 5 weeks.
As stated above, a mini-abortion is one of the safest methods of terminating a woman’s pregnancy (not counting medical abortion). There are practically no negative consequences of this method. By removing the fertilized egg without direct surgical intervention, the risk of possible damage to the walls of the uterus, internal bleeding, and so on is reduced.

Mini abortion

It is carried out only in a medical institution, using local anesthesia.
To perform a vacuum abortion, you need a special device that creates compression pressure and several plastic catheters, one of which is placed in the uterine cavity. Due to negative pressure, the entire contents of the uterus (in particular, the fertilized egg) are sucked out.
In some cases, during the procedure, ultrasound examination of the uterine cavity is used, which allows you to accurately determine the position of the fertilized egg and thereby reduce the risk of various complications. If the procedure is successful and no negative consequences occur, then the woman can leave the medical facility within an hour and continue to live her previous life. After two weeks after the mini-abortion, the woman should visit a gynecologist for an examination. The examination is necessary because in some cases, after a vacuum abortion, the egg remains in the uterus and further development of pregnancy is possible.

Examination before the procedure

After the patient contacts the doctor, the first step is to determine her position. To do this, you need to do a pelvic ultrasound, a blood test for the level of hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) or an examination in a gynecological chair. When pregnancy is confirmed, the woman undergoes an examination.

Types of research:

• general analysis of urine and blood;
• taking a smear to sample microflora;
• blood tests for HIV, hepatitis, syphilis.

All examinations are aimed at excluding the possibility that the patient has contraindications to aspiration.

Mini-abortion is not used if:

1. Less than six months have passed since the last birth.
2. There are sexually transmitted infections and serious diseases of the pelvic organs.
3. An inflammatory process occurs in the body, regardless of its location.
4. There are problems with blood clotting.
5. There are signs of an ectopic pregnancy.
6. The pregnancy period exceeds 12 obstetric weeks.

Menstruation after the procedure

Within a few days after the manipulation, a bloody smear appears, lasting up to a week and a half. The restoration of menstruation after vacuum aspiration does not occur immediately, usually after 1–2 months. During this period, the stomach may hurt, the discharge becomes sanguineous, copious and irregular.

A woman’s cycle stabilizes after 3–6 months. If there is a putrid smell of discharge, a yellow tint appears, or pain in the lower abdomen, it is necessary to exclude inflammatory processes in the uterus.

If menstruation does not occur 35–40 days after the operation, it is necessary to exclude the following complications:

• accumulation of blood in the uterus;
• incomplete egg suction;
• cervical spasm;
• infection.

In this case, therapy with antibacterial drugs is prescribed and classical cleaning is carried out.